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©Montessori for Everyone 2010 www.montessoriforeveryone.com Parts of an Ear ear pinna (auricle) auditory canal eardrum ©Montessori for Everyone 2010 www.montessoriforeveryone.com Parts of an Ear ear pinna (auricle) auditory canal eardrum ©Montessori for Everyone 2010 www.montessoriforeveryone.com Parts of an Ear malleus (hammer) incus (anvil) stapes (stirrup) cochlea ©Montessori for Everyone 2010 www.montessoriforeveryone.com Parts of an Ear malleus (hammer) incus (anvil) stapes (stirrup) cochlea ©Montessori for Everyone 2010 www.montessoriforeveryone.com Parts of an Ear cochlear nerve semicircular canals vestibular nerve Eustachian tube ©Montessori for Everyone 2010 www.montessoriforeveryone.com Parts of an Ear cochlear nerve semicircular canals vestibular nerve Eustachian tube ©Montessori for Everyone 2010 www.montessoriforeveryone.com Parts of an Ear Definitions The ear collects sounds (as vibrations), processes them and sends the sound signals to the brain. The ear also provides balance and stability to the human body. The ear is comprised of three sections: the outer ear, middle ear, and inner ear. The pinna, or auricle, is the visible portion of the outer ear on the side of the head. The word “ear” is commonly used to describe only the external part of the ear, namely the pinna. The auditory canal, part of the outer ear, channels sound from the outside ear to the eardrum. The canal also produces earwax, or cerumen, which lubricates and protects the canal. The final part of the outer ear is the eardrum, or tympanic membrane, a thin layer of tissue separating the outer and inner parts of the ear. The eardrum receives sound waves and transmits them to the middle ear. The malleus, or hammer (malleus is Latin for “hammer”), is the first bone of the middle ear. Sounds received by the eardrum causes it to vibrate, which causes the malleus to move. The incus, or anvil (incus is Latin for “anvil”), is the second bone of the middle ear, in between the malleus and stapes. The incus transmits sound vibrations from the malleus to the stapes. The stapes, or stirrup (stapes is Latin for “stirrup”), is the third bone of the middle ear. The stapes transmits sound vibrations from the incus to the inner ear. The stapes is also the smallest bone in the human body. The cochlea, Latin for “snail”, is a long tube within the inner ear that is coiled like a snail shell. The cochlea contains the sensory organ for hearing, and converts sound vibrations to electrical impulses. The cochlear nerve is attached to the cochlea within the inner ear. The nerve sends electrical impulses, created by the cochlea, to the brain to interpret as sounds. The semicircular canals are a series of loop-shaped tubes within the inner ear. The fluidfilled canals are instrumental in maintaining the body’s sense of balance. Just as the cochlear nerve receives hearing information from the cochlea, the vestibular nerve receives balance information from the semicircular canals, and sends this information to the brain. The Eustachian tube is a tube connecting the middle ear and the pharynx in the throat. Named after a 16th century scientist, the tube lets in small amounts of air to equalize pressure between the middle ear and the atmosphere outside the body. Instructions: Print on cardstock and laminate. Cut cards apart. Primary (age 3-6) can use one picture, one label, and a control card to match the names of the parts correctly. Elementary (age 6-12) can use one picture, one label, and the definition cards to match together, using the control cards when finished to check their work. There are many books available that show pictures of human ears, and teacher stores often have models of the human ear so that children can see an ear in person. ©Montessori for Everyone 2010 www.montessoriforeveryone.com Parts of an Ear Blackline Masters Parts of an Ear Control Chart ©Montessori for Everyone 2010 www.montessoriforeveryone.com Parts of an Ear semicircular canals incus (anvil) pinna (auricle) stapes (stirrup) vestibular nerve malleus (hammer) cochlear nerve auditory canal eardrum cochlea Eustachian tube