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Transcript
#_____Name:______________________________________ Date____________________ Period:___ Note-taking sheet: Border Control! Active and Passive Transport (Keep in your notebook) After this lecture you will be able to… Part 1: Understand Diffusion and Concentration gradients Part 2: Understand types of Passive Transport (Diffusion, Osmosis, facilitated diffusion) Part 3: Understand types of Active Transport Study this concept map!! Diffusion & Osmosis Molecules move _______“where there’s _______” _______“where there’s __________” DIFFUSION across a SPACE Happens anytime there is a __________ in concentration in one place compared to another = ________________________ •Molecules move automatically __________ the concentration gradient __________ an area of __________ concentration _______ an area of ___________ concentration •EXAMPLES = DIFFUSION across a space Diffusion continues until the concentration is ________________ in space = ________________ Molecules need to move across membranes in cells Diffusion can happen ________ a _____________ in a cell, too …as long as membrane will let the molecule _________________ SELECTIVELY PERMEABLE MEMBRANES (Semi-permeable) Cell Example: DIFFUSION automatically moves oxygen from HIGHER concentration (in lungs) to _________________ concentration (in blood) CO2 automatically moves from where there is a ________________ concentration (in blood) to where there is a lower concentration (in ________________) BUT…. What if a cell needs to move _________ or _______ molecules? What if cell needs to move a molecule ________________ the CONCENTRATION GRADIENT? __________________ Cell example: What if the cell wants to put MORE ____________ into mitochondria when there is already glucose in there What if cell needs to move molecules really _______? (can’t wait for it to diffuse) Cell example: We need a ______ to ______ molecules across cell membranes that _______ across by ___________ Kinds of ________ Transport 1. 2. Diffusion= DIFFUSION across a membrane Happens anytime there is a __________ in _____________ on one side of the membrane compared to the other OSMOSIS= = SPECIAL KIND OF _____________________________ ______________________________________ Movement of molecules across a_________________ membrane from ________ concentration to ___________ FACILITATED DIFFUSION Facilitated Diffusion _______ proteins help diffusion go faster FACILITATED DIFFUSION •No energy required = __________________ •Moves _________ concentration gradient from ________________________ •_____________________ grab molecule, change shape, and flip to other side (Like a revolving door) •Molecules that move this way in cells: _______________________ Facilitated Diffusion Kinds of ________Transport Sodium (Na+)- Potassium (K+) Pump Sodium-Potassium pump ___________ transport (requires energy from ______) •Special just for Na+ and K + ions •Uses integral ___________________ to move molecules •Examples in nerve cells: ________ (sodium) is pumped out of cells at same time _____ (potassium) is taken into cells See a video clip about ENDOCYTOSIS Takes substances into cell •_____________transport (requires __________ from ______) •Uses small membrane sacs called ______________ to carry substances 2 KINDS of ENDOCYTOSIS Takes substances into cell If taking in: fluid or small molecules =_________________ large particles or whole cells =______________ •Examples in cells: –one celled organisms _______________ this way –white blood cells get rid body of bacteria this way _______________________________-Called “Cell Drinking” 2 Types ENDOCYTOSIS1. PHAGOCYTOSIS 2. EXOCYTOSIS Substances released _________________________of cell •__________ transport (requires __________) •Substances move in____________ •Examples in cells: •_________ release packaged proteins this way Exocytosis •GOLGI BODIES USE EXOCYTOSIS Animation from: http://www.franklincollege.edu/bioweb/A&Pfiles/week04.html •Endocytosis & Exocytosis _________________________ being released by pancreas cells using exocytosis What if there is a difference in concentration but solute molecules can’t move across a membrane? VOCAB _____________ = substance that is dissolved in a solvent to make a solution _____________ = substance in which a solute is dissolved __________________ = mass of a solute in a given volume of solution OSMOSIS- In 3 types of solutions 1. HYPERTONIC: Concentration outside cell is ____________________ inside cell •More water leaves cell than enters •Cell in Hypertonic Solution so cell ____________ HYPOTONIC: Concentration outside cell is ________________ inside the cell More water enters than leaves cell so cell will ___________________ ISOTONIC: Concentration outside cell __________concentration inside cell Water entering = water leaving so cell _____________________ Animal cells-Osmosis in Red Blood Cells (label each) Plant cells-VACUOLES store _________________________ _________________________________________Pressure exerted by water during osmosis •How could this apply to you? Bath water is ________________compared to you •Sitting in the bathtub causes your fingers and toes to wrinkle up when water ________ your skin cells by _________________________. •Grocery stores spray water on their veggies to “plump them up” http://www.painetworks.com/photos/gt/gt0461.JPG
