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8th Grade Science Final Exam Review
Scientific Processes:
1. Record the mass of the object on the triple beam balance diagram below.
2. Record the volume of liquid in the graduated cylinders below.
3. What is the formula to calculate the density of an object?
4. Describe how you would determine the density of a rock.
Interpret the graph to the right and answer the following questions..
5. What is the independent variable?
6. What is the dependent variable?
7. What temperature has the greatest growth rate? Least?
8. What can you infer about temperature and bacterial growth?
9. What would be a valid conclusion based on the information in the graph?
Chemistry
1. Identify the mass, electric charge and location of each subatomic particle in the table below.
Subatomic Particle
Mass
Electric Charge
Location in the atom
Proton
Neutron
Electron
Determine the following information about an Oxygen atom using the diagram below.
2. Atomic #: __________
3. # of Protons: ___________
4. # of Neutrons: __________
5. # of Electrons: __________
6. Mass #: __________
(Atomic Mass rounded to the nearest whole #)
7. Illustrate a bohr model of an atom of Oxygen.
8. Using the periodic table what type of element is oxygen (metal, non-metal, or metalloid)?
9. What group # and period # is Oxygen in on the Periodic Table?
10. What are valence electrons?
11. What does the # of valence electrons determine about an element?
12. What determines the identity of an element?
13. What are always equal in a neutral atom?
14. What determines the mass # of an atom?
15. Describe the physical properties of metals, non-metals and metalloids.
Metals:
Non-metals:
Metalloids:
16. Identify the metals, non-metals and metalloids on the periodic table below.
17. What element does the atom model to the right represent?
18. What is its atomic #?
19. How many protons does it have?
20. How many neutrons does it have?
21. What is its mass #?
22. How many electrons does it have?
23. How many valence electrons does it have?
24. What group # on the periodic table is it in?
25. What is the charge of this atoms nucleus?
26. What is a chemical formula? What can you tell about a substance by looking at its chemical
formula?
27. Complete the table below identifying the elements and the number atoms for each element in
each chemical formula.
Chemical Formula
NaHCO3
C2H4O2
H3PO4
CaCO3
Elements
Total # of elements
# of atoms for each
element
Total # of atoms
28. What is a chemical equation and what does it represent?
29. What does it mean for a chemical equation to be balanced and how does this follow the law of
conservation of mass?
30. Determine which of the following chemical equations is balanced and explain why.
1
Chemical Reactions
2 Na + 2 H2O  NaOH + H2
2
2 H2 + O2  2 H2O
3
Mg + Cl2  MgCl
4
NaOH + MgCl2  NaCl + MgOH
31. List at least 4 indicators that are evidence of a chemical reaction that identify that a new
substance with different properties has formed.
Physics
1. What is the formula to calculate force? What is the unit of measurement for force?
2. Calculate the force of each object in the table below.
Object
Mass
Acceleration
A
1g
3 m/s2
B
5g
4 m/s2
C
3g
2 m/s2
D
10 g
8 m/s2
3. What is the difference between balanced and unbalanced forces?
4. What is acceleration? What are three ways objects can accelerate?
5. What is the difference between speed and velocity?
6. How does the mass of an object influence its acceleration?
Force
Describe and give an example of Newton’s 3 Laws of Motion.
7. Newton’s Law of Inertia:
8. Newton’s Law of Force and Acceleration:
9. Newton’s Law of Action/Reaction:
SPACE
1. Label the season at each location for the Northern Hemisphere in the diagram below:
1–
2–
3–
4–
2. Why do we experience seasons? What causes the changes in the seasons?
3. What causes day and night on Earth?
4. During what season do we experience our longest days?
5. During what season do we experience our shortest days?
6. Where on Earth doesn’t experience changes in seasons and why?
7. Label the phase of the moon at each location in the diagram to the right.
T–
Q–
R–
S–
1
Moon Observations
2
3
4
8. Label each phase of the moon in the diagram above.
9. Draw and label the phase of the moon that occurs in the lunar cycle before #1 in the picture above.
10. Draw and label the phase of the moon that occurs in the lunar cycle after #4 in the picture above.
11. How long does it take for the moon to go through one lunar cycle?
12. How long does it take to go from a New Moon to a Full Moon?
13. What causes ocean tides on Earth?
14. How many high and low tides occur on our coastlines each day?
15. How does the Sun influence ocean tides?
16. Describe what Spring Tides are and label when we
experience Spring Tides in the diagram to the right.
17. Describe what Neap Tides are and label when we
experience Neap Tides in the diagram to the right.
18. Explain what stars are and what their source of energy is.
19. Explain what nebulae are.
20. Explain what galaxies are and describe the three types of galaxies.
21. What type of galaxy is the Milky Way and where is our Sun located?
22. What is the Hertzsprung-Russel Diagram and what does it show the relationship of?
Using the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram below, describe the temperature and brightness of each of
the following types of stars.
23. White Dwarf Stars –
24. Giant Stars –
25. Super Giant Stars –
26. Main Sequence Stars –
Earth Science
1. List 5 pieces of evidence that supports plate tectonic theory and continental drift.
1–
2–
3–
4–
5–
2. What causes tectonic plates to move? Where does it occur?
Describe the 3 types of tectonic plate boundaries below and list the crustal features that form
at each one.
3. Convergent Boundaries:
4. Divergent Boundaries:
5. Transform Boundaries:
6. What is a subduction zone?
7. What type of plate boundary creates a subduction zone?
8. What crustal features form at subduction zones?
9. What is the difference between Earth’s weather and climate?
10. What is the main cause of Earth’s weather and climate?
11. What is the energy source that drives Earth’s weather and climate? How is this energy distributed
around Earth?
12. What causes wind and ocean currents?
13. Where do hurricanes form?
14. How does ocean temperature affect the strength of hurricanes?
15. Define what a front is and describe how the cold and warm fronts indicated on the map below
affect the weather for each area.
16. Define high and low air pressure and describe how the high and low air pressure systems
indicated on the map below affect the weather for each area.
17. What is a topographic Map?
18. What are contour lines and what do they indicate on the map?
19. What is the contour interval on a topographic map?
20. What is the contour interval on the topographic map
to the right?
21. What is the change in elevation between W and X?
22. What is the change in elevation between Y and X?
23. Which path is steeper?
Life Science
Define the following organisms and give an example of each in the food web above.
1. Producer –
2. Consumer –
3. Decomposer –
4. Predator –
5. Prey –
6. Parasite –
7. Host –
8. Define and list examples of abiotic factors in an ecosystem in which organisms depend on and
may compete for to survive.
9. Define and list examples of biotic factors in an ecosystem in which organisms depend on and may
complete for to survive.
10. Explain and give examples of long-term environmental changes.
11. Explain and give examples of short-term environmental changes.
12. Give 3 examples of human activities that could cause the extinction of a species.
13. Give 3 examples of natural events that could cause the extinction of a species.
14. What are some things that humans have done to help prevent the extinction of a species?
15. How do humans depend on oceans?
16. Describe what runoff is and how it affects our oceans. Does it have a positive or negative affect?
17. Describe what artificial reefs are and how they affect our oceans. Do they have a positive or
negative affect?
18. What is natural selection and how does it affect the survival of a species?