Download Applications of genetic engineering-

9th grade BIOLOGY
Ch-11 notes
GENE TECHNOLOGY
What is GENETIC ENGINEERING?
What is Recombinant DNA?
STEPS IN GENETIC ENGINEERING:
(Draw figure 2 in textbook)
What are restriction enzymes?
e.g.
IDENTIFYING AND CONFIRMING THE GENE OF INTEREST
(Draw figure 5 in textbook)
Applications of genetic engineering
1) Human Genome Project
o Completed in ___________
o Draft of entire human genome sequence
o ______labs, ___ countries participated
o ______billion base pairs in human body
o Only ___% of DNA in body codes for/makes proteins
o Total of ________ genes in human body
2) Genetically engineered drugs and vaccines
 Drugs
Human growth hormone
Insulin
 Vaccines
Small Pox, Polio, Cowpox, Rabies, Herpes virus
GENETICALLY ENGINEERED MEDICINES:
(Draw figure 7 in textbook)
3) DNA fingerprinting
Pattern of dark bands of an individual’s DNA on a photographic film
Uses:
4) Improving crops
Add favorable characteristics to plants by manipulating genes
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Make plants resistant to weeds – add Glyphosphate
Make plants resistant to insects
Make Nutritious crops – Vitamin A enriched Rice plants
RISKS OF GENETICALLY MODIFIED PLANTS?
a. Can weeds become resistant?
b. Can insects become resistant?
c. Can people have allergies to the rice crop?
5) Animal Farming
 Cloning
 Add growth hormones to diet of cows to increase milk production
 Selective breeding – pass desired traits to the next generation
e.g. ____________________
Hybridization – Crossing dissimilar individuals to bring out the best of both
e.g. _____________________
Inbreeding – to maintain desired characteristics, continuously breed individuals
with same characteristics
e.g. ______________________