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Weimar Republic Name given to new Germany 1918. Germany became a Republic – the Kaiser stepped down. Nazi Shortened version of National Socialist - stood for strong Germany. SA Nazi storm troopers - 'brownshirts' - used by Hitler to break up, heckle opposition meetings SS Shultzstaffel: ‘protection squad’. Elite, black shirted bodyguard units for Hitler Ruhr Crisis (1923) Industrial area of Germany. When Germany failed to pay reparations, the French took it over. Caused great resentment. Hitler used this to his advantage. Inflation Money lost its value. By 1923 it became so bad that it was known as 'hyper-inflation'. Along with unemployment, Hitler used this to gain support. Munich Putsch 1923 Hitler tried to overthrow the Weimar government. With General LUDENDORFF they marched on Army Headquarters. The putsch was defeated. Dawes Plan (1924) Germany borrowed money from America. This helped the Germany economy to recover. Mein Kampf (a book) Hitler was imprisoned for his part in the Munich Putsch. In prison he wrote the book, which translates as "My Struggle." In it he sets out his policy regarding Germany. Gustav Stresemann Became Chancellor of Germany in 1924. Life became better for German people as he signed the Dawes Plan and introduced a new German currency called the 'rentenmark'. As a result, Hitler's popularity fell. Died in 1929. Reichstag German Parliament The Great Depression A world-wide economic slump which hit first Germany in 1930. As a result, people turned against the Weimar government and listened to Hitler again. Hindenburg General from WWI who gave Hitler his support. People were impressed with this. In 1933 he made Hitler Chancellor. Enabling Act Passed by Reichstag, it gave Hitler powers to pass any laws he wished. Reichstag Fire A Communist, Van der Lubbe, started a fire in the Reichstag. He was used by Hitler to show Germany that the communists were prepared to do anything to get control of Germany. This increasesd support for the violently anti-Communist Nazis and helped Hitler to pass the Enabling Act. The Night of the Long Knives Ernst Roehm was a friend of Hitler who had control of the SA. Hitler suspected Roehm was a threat to him. He got rid of them by having them murdered along with other SA leaders and opponents of the Nazi government. These murders were carried out by the SS and became known as 'The Night of the Long Knives'. Gestapo Secret police force set up by Hitler to weed out opposition. Given wide powers of arrest. Concentration Camps Set up in mid-1930s for those who opposed Hitler. Nuremberg Laws Laws passed to discriminate against Jewish population. Jews could not hold government jobs or work as lawyers, doctors, or teachers. The right to vote was taken away. Josef Goebbels Minister of Propaganda - his job was to see newspapers, films, etc. hammered home a simple message: Adolf Hilter was Germany's saviour. Fuehrer Hitler took this name. It means 'Leader'. Rudolf Hess Deputy Fuehrer Hermann Goering Leader of the Luftwaffe (Germany equivalent of RAF)