Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Study Guide Plate Tectonics 1. Who was Alfred Wegener and what was his great discovery called? _________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ 2. What is the Theory of Continental Drift?___________________________________________ 3. What did Wegener call his hypothesized supercontinent? ________________________________ 4. What is plate tectonics? ________________________________________________________ 5. What types of evidence did Wegener find to support his Theory of Continental Drift? a) _______________________________________________________________________ b) _______________________________________________________________________ c) _______________________________________________________________________ d) _______________________________________________________________________ e) _______________________________________________________________________ f) _______________________________________________________________________ 6. What problem caused other scientists to reject Wegener’s theory? ___________________________________________________________________________ 7. Another scientist, Harry Hess, did mapping of the ocean floor during World War II for the U. S. Navy. What ocean floor feature did he discover? ______________________________________ 8. What was Hess’ theory called? ____________________________________________________ 9. What 2 observations did Hess make that supported his theory of seafloor spreading? a)_________________________b)_____________________________ 10. What drives or moves the lithospheric plates? Explain. _______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________. 11. High temperatures inside Earth form _________________. 12. Use the pie section below to answer this question. The pie section shows Earth's composition from the center to the surface. Section IV is most likely composed of ________________ Study Guide 13. Compared to rocks in Earth's crust, rocks in the mantle are more _____________________. 14. Which of these statements about Earth's crust is true? A) It is a layer of solid rock that remains the same throughout time. B) It includes the continents, but not the ocean floor. C) It is a changing, moving surface with the same thickness everywhere. D) It is a system of large masses called plates that slowly move together or apart. 15. Earth's core is mainly composed of_______________ and ________________. 16. A deep well or mine shaft goes through which layer or layers of Earth? ________________ 17. Label the drawing of convection cells in the mantle with the words listed in the box. a- warmer material b- less dense c- rises toward the crust d- more dense e- cooler material f- sinks back toward the core 18. The place where lithospheric plates meet are called plate boundaries. There are 3 types of plate boundaries. Write the types of boundaries, then study the illustrations at the bottom of the pages. a) ____________________ boundaries- plates move away from each other. b) ____________________boundaries- edges of plates bump into each other. c) ____________________boundaries- sides of plates slide past each other. 19. What type of feature on Earth forms at divergent plate boundaries? _______________________________________ 20. How are deep-ocean trenches formed? ______________________________________________________________ 21. When 2 plates collide, or run into each other at a convergent plate boundary, which one subducts under the other? _______________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________. 22. What happens when an oceanic plate collides with a continental plate? _______________________________________________________________________________________ 23. What feature has formed in South America because the Nazca Plate has subducted under the South American Plate? ____________________________________________________________________________ 24. What happens when 2 continental plates collide at convergent plate boundaries? _______________________________________________________________________________________ 25. What feature has formed as the Indo-Australian Plate and the Eurasian Plates have collided? _______________________________________________________________________________________ Study Guide 26. The third type of plate boundary is a transform plate boundary. How do scientists know if transform boundary is present? a)______________________________b)___________________________c)_________________________ 27. Now, look at the map of Earth’s lithospheric plates on page 107. Name all 16 tectonic plates: __________________, ______________________, ______________________, _____________________, __________________________, ______________________, ______________________, _____________________, __________________________, ______________________, ______________________, _____________________, __________________________, ______________________, ______________________________,________________________ 28. What is the primary cause of volcanoes and earthquakes? _______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________. 29. How do active volcanoes located on islands create more land area on these islands? (page 146) _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________. 30. What causes volcanoes to form at a diverging plate boundary? (page 147) _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________. 31. What causes volcanoes to form at a converging plate boundary? (page 148) _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________. 32. Most volcanoes are located along the edges of tectonic plates. Study Guide A. Describe the relationship between the formation of a volcano and its location. ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________. B. Explain the function of a volcano. ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________. C. Explain how a volcano affects the formation of new ocean floor. _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________. D. Describe one constructive effect of a volcano on the surface of Earth. _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________. 33. A. Layer A in the diagram has the lowest temperature and pressure. What part of the Earth is labeled layer A? _________________________________ B. Layer C in the diagram has the greatest temperature and pressure. It is MOST LIKELY Earth's _________________________ 34. If we compare the temperature and pressure of the Earth's mantle to the core, what differences can we expect as we move downward into the Earth? 35. Scientists believe the Earth's inner core to be solid. This is probably due to extremes in