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Kemin lyseon lukio ENA 5 kurssikoe Profiles 5 Rakenne- ja sanastotehtävät 1 Choose the best alternative. A haunting performance If you 1 …. a cinematic adaptation of 2 …. material, how faithful should you be to the original? The word syphilis doesn’t 3 …. anywhere in Bram Stoker’s Dracula, which he 4 …. in 1897 and, 5 …. , it’s still a matter of debate as to whether the author suffered from the terrible disease himself 6 …. the novel. However, the 7 …. of vampirism as a metaphor for sexually transmitted disease 8 …. tales of the bloodthirsty count since the beginning. In the British TV production of Dracula, it takes centre stage as fears of the brain-wasting and 9 ….-altering impact of syphilis compete with the effects of vampirism for the title of Biggest Horror. While this isn’t a faithful adaptation of Stoker for the big 10 …. , it certainly feels like it, 11 …. an early touch of feminism to its female 12 …. , particularly Sophia Myles as the doomed Lucy. Count Dracula, 13 …. by Marc Warren, is a compromise between Stoker’s monster and the sexualized creature of later depictions, but fascinatingly, the humans in the film are far more 14 …. than the 15 …. . Fresh and sophisticated, this is a new look at an old story. Although the film is not rated, it’s 16 …. only for adults. If young children 17 …. it alone, they would most likely be in for some sleepless nights. 18 …. it late at night, some viewers have admitted sleeping with the radio and all the lights on. 19 …. a true fan of horror films, I chose to watch it in style – alone and in the dark. After reading this account, a friend of mine told me that she 20 …. the DVD. How about you? 1 A will be making B make C were to make 2 A literal B literature literary 3 A feature B emulate indicate 4 A wrote B has written had been written 5 A gradually B apparently aimlessly 6 A to have been written B while writing would C C C C writing C 7 A harassment 8 A haunted 9 A 10 A 11 A 12 A characters 13 A C played 14 A immeasurable 15 A prejudice 16 A appropriate 17 A were to view 18 A C Watched 19 A Given that 20 A C would buy assurance B concept C will haunt B has haunted C exposure B angle C canvas B screen C to give B given C adversities B depictions conduct picture giving C having played playing B intriguing B devout C playwright B protagonist C renowned B conflicting C will view B would view C Having watched Watching Being B B Considering having bought B C will buy ____ / 20 p Luetunymmärtämistehtävät 1 A designer with attitude Notorious for neglecting to wear underwear in public, Vivienne Westwood caused a stir in 1992 when she went to collect an award for services rendered to fashion and twirled on her way back to her seat to reveal all. After being made a Dame in 2006 by the Prince of Wales, she told the press that she had deliberately chosen to go knickerless on that occasion, too, in order to make a fashion statement, albeit a less obvious one. Considering that she was 65 at the time, the act was daring to say the least. So who is this controversial designer and provocative fashionista? (1) Vivienne Westwood studied at the Harrow School of Art and later attended the University of Westminster for one term. From there, she went on to attend Middlesex University Trent Park College and later taught at a primary school in North London, a job she adored. After divorcing her first husband, with whom she had two sons, and from whom she took the surname Westwood, Vivienne met Malcolm McLaren, who became the manager of the punk band The Sex Pistols. Westwood and McLaren lived in a council flat in Clapham, London and had a son together. Westwood continued to teach until 1971, when Malcolm decided to open a shop at 430 King’s Road called Let It Rock (later also known as Sex and Sell, Too Fast To Live Too Young To Die). The shop provided a suitably named and situated outlet for Vivienne to sell the outrageous clothes she had started designing. (2) The English Punk style began to capture the imagination of British youth when The Sex Pistols wore clothes from Westwood and McLaren’s shop at their first gig. Essential accessories for the fashion-conscious punk at the time were bondage gear, safety pins, razor blades, bicycle or lavatory chains on clothing and spiked dog collars for jewellery, as well as black lipstick, heavy eyeliner and stiff, spiky hair. Westwood’s designs were also characterized by the adoption of traditional elements of Scottish design such as tartan fabric. Among the more unusual aspects of Westwood’s style is the use of historical 17th and 18th century cloth-cutting principles, and reinterpreting these in radical shapes for men’s trousers, for instance. The use of these traditional elements makes the overall effect of her designs all the more unique. Other influences in Westwood’s work have included Peruvian fabrics and patterns, velvet, knitwear, and an emphasis on the female figure. Westwood and McLaren collaborated closely to revolutionize fashion and their impact is still strongly felt today. (3, 4) The first major Retrospective of her work was shown in 2004–5 at the Victoria and Albert Museum, London, and the National Gallery of Australia. The exhibition, created from approximately 145 complete outfits grouped into themes from the early 1970s to the present day, was assembled from her own personal archive and the V & A’s extensive collection. They ranged from early punk garments to glamorous evening gowns, an electrifying mix of the shocking and the elegant, which has come to be recognized worldwide as unmistakably Westwood. (5, 6) Throughout her career, Westwood has been influential in launching the careers of other designers in the British fashion industry. Most notably, she employed the services of Patrick Cox to design shoes for her Clint Eastwood collection in 1984. The result was a prototype for nine-inch-heeled creations like the ones worn by supermodel Naomi Campbell when she famously tripped during a Westwood fashion show in Paris in 1994. Campbell quickly regained her composure, and the incident only served to increase Westwood’s appeal. (7) Demonstrating the impact of her long career, Westwood’s designs were featured in the 2008 film adaptation of the award-winning television series Sex and the City. In the film, protagonist Carrie Bradshaw becomes engaged to her longterm lover, Mr Big. Being a writer at Vogue, her editor invites her to model wedding dresses for an upcoming article entitled “The Last Single Girl”. One of the dresses featured in the photo shoot is a Vivienne Westwood classic, and it is subsequently sent to Carrie as a gift, with a handwritten note from Westwood herself. Although she has already picked an outfit for the wedding, Carrie decides to wear the Westwood gown instead. Despite being invited to participate in the making of the movie, Westwood was unimpressed with the costuming by renowned stylist Patricia Field. She walked out of the film’s London premiere after 10 minutes, publicly criticizing the clothing featured as middle-aged and frumpy. However, the unveiling of the Westwood-designed wedding dress has subsequently become widely recognized as one of the movie’s most memorable moments. (8) Westwood is also widely known as a political activist. On Easter Sunday 2008, she campaigned in person at the biggest Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament demonstration in ten years in the UK. In September 2005, Westwood joined forces with the British civil rights group Liberty and launched exclusive limited-edition Tshirts and baby wear bearing the slogan I AM NOT A TERRORIST, please don’t arrest me. Westwood said she was supporting the campaign and defending habeas corpus. “When I was a schoolgirl, my history teacher, Mr Scott, explained to us the fundamental rule of law embodied in habeas corpus, which protects citizens against unlawful detention and imprisonment. He spoke with pride of civilization and democracy. The hatred of arbitrary arrest by the French monarchy caused the storming of the Bastille and the French Revolution. We can only take democracy for granted if we insist on our liberty,” she said. The sale of the £50 T-shirts raised much-needed funds for the organization. So, it seems Vivienne Westwood doesn’t mince words and is ready to stand up and be counted when it comes to her political beliefs as well as her fashion designs. Even sans underwear, she is a force to be reckoned with. (9, 10) 1 Choose the best alternative. A designer with attitude 1 What is Vivienne Westwood famous for in public contexts? A She enjoys shocking audiences and the general public. B She openly expresses her disregard for royalty. C Her age has made her behave in a provocative fashion. 2 How could the beginning of Vivienne Westwood’s career be characterized? A She acquired an extensive university education. B She taught art to young people to gain ideas. C Her husband helped her launch her designs onto the market. 3 What was typical of the English Punk style to begin with according to the text? A It was uniquely English and was not affected by outside influences. B Music played a part in the introduction of the style. C Sharp and metallic elements formed the only accessories. 4 From where did Vivienne Westwood draw much of the inspiration for her designs? A Various ethnic fabrics and different textures. B Men’s fashions from the past. C Her husband’s revolutionary ideas. 5 How could Vivienne Westwood’s Retrospective be characterized? A Most of the outfits came from Westwood’s London outlet. B The individual pieces on display were approximately 30 years old. C It was aimed at attracting visitors on both sides of the globe. 6 What is typical of Westwood’s collection? A Extreme contrasts. B Intricate details. C International elements. 7 What is mentioned about Vivienne Westwood’s shoe designs? A They are often based on other designers’ creations. B Her experimental designs never became a huge success. C They can be impractical. 8 What is said about Vivienne Westwood’s contribution to Sex and the City? A Although she was involved in the film, the overall style of the clothes was not to her taste. B She didn’t get on very well with the leading lady. C One of her designs featured in the film against her wishes. 9 What is Vivienne Westwood’s overall political agenda? A She is a human rights supporter and is outspoken about the issue. B She uses political demonstrations to make fashion statements. C She is prepared to risk arrest for her political beliefs. 10 What can be said of Vivienne Westwood in general? A Her lifestyle has little in common with the clothes she designs. B She has a social conscience as well as a unique talent. C She is more interested in self-promotion than fashion. ____ / 10 p x 2 = ____ / 20 p 2 Double, double toil and trouble”: Shakespeare then and now Few would dispute Shakespeare’s literary talents, yet the playwright was not only a writer of exceptional originality and versatility, he was also skilled in overcoming the technical difficulties involved in staging a play in an era in which special effects and gadgetry were all but nonexistent. Elaborate scenery, props or computergenerated imagery can readily set a scene, evoke a mood or create an illusion today, but the Bard had to achieve these feats and create the appropriate atmosphere purely through the lines uttered by his characters. The majority of people in Shakespearean England may not have been able to read or write, but this no doubt enhanced their powers of attentiveness, making them critical theatregoers who could vote with their feet if a play didn’t live up to their expectations. (1, 2) Shakespeare also had to make good use of his imagination when visualizing how his characters would translate realistically from the page to the stage. As women were effectively prohibited from appearing on stage, and female roles were played by men, Shakespeare had to take this into account when devising his storylines. This gender-bending also demanded a lot from the audience as many comedies relied on mistaken identity to raise a laugh, involving female characters who pretended to be the opposite sex by donning men’s clothing. Audience members could easily lose track of the complicated twists and turns in the plot if they didn’t keep their wits about them. (3) The structure of the Elizabethan stage also had a significant influence on the plays. For example, the Globe was an apron stage, with the audience standing on three sides, and it wasn’t possible to draw curtains across it. That’s why Shakespeare had to write introductory words to start each scene. It was no easy matter getting the dead off the stage at the end of a sword fight or violent scene either. A modern producer would have no problem plunging the theatre into darkness at the end of Hamlet, for instance, or simply letting the curtain descend dramatically after the final scene, but the Elizabethan audience had a clear view of the proceedings at all times. So Shakespeare had to find ways and means of removing the dead without shattering the illusion or, worse, inadvertently turning a tragic moment into a comic one. (4) There’s no denying the fact that the Bard had a way with words, weaving imagery and symbolism into everything he wrote. But there is one play in particular which seems to have captured the imagination of both actors and theatre-goers more than most – Macbeth. The tragedy, with its murderous plot and fateful conclusion, is alleged to have a curse attached to it. It has acquired an evil reputation because tradition traces a long line of disasters back to its premiere on August 7, 1606. Macbeth is the story of a Scottish nobleman and his wife, who are destroyed by their ambition. It is a violent play with more than a touch of the supernatural about it, so it contains all the ingredients that one would expect in a cursed play: bloodshed, ghosts, witches casting spells, and a protagonist possessed by murderous tendencies. Merely saying the name ‘Macbeth’ inside a theatre will supposedly doom the production to failure, and anyone acting in it may face physical injury or even death. The only exception is when the word is spoken in a line in the play. Actors studiously avoid saying the word Macbeth anywhere else, but if one accidentally forgets to refer to the play by one of its nicknames, most commonly ‘the Scottish play’, they are obliged to perform a number of cleansing rituals to ward off evil. In order to reverse the bad luck, the person who uttered the word must exit the theatre, spin around three times, spit over their left shoulder, say an obscenity, and then ask for permission to go back inside. It is also possible to reverse the curse by reciting a suitable line from another of Shakespeare’s plays, such as ‘Angels and ministers of grace defend us’ (Hamlet). (5, 6) Such a ritual may sound ridiculous, but it is not entirely without grounds. Macbeth has left such a long trail of death and destruction in its wake that it would be impossible to recount all the instances. The curse seems to have affected people other than theatre professionals and audiences as well. It was a copy of Macbeth that President Lincoln took with him to read to a group of friends on board the River Queen on the Potomac River. Ironically, he chose to read the scene in which King Duncan is assassinated. Within a week Lincoln himself was killed by a hit man, in a theatre of all places. (7) Spooky coincidences aside, some pseudoscientific theories have been put forward to explain the curse. According to one, Shakespeare wrote Macbeth to please King James I, who had previously published a book on witches and how to detect them. In one scene three witches dance around a black cauldron casting spells in a black magic ritual, providing the audience with step-by-step instructions on how to cast real spells. The practitioners of rituals like this were not happy with such public exposure of their witchcraft, and in retaliation they reportedly cast a spell on the play, making it the most ill-fated of all theatrical productions. (8) A more probable explanation for all the accidents and misfortunes that haunt the play is the fact that it includes a greater number of fight scenes and consequently more possibilities for accidents than the average play. The backstage area in old-fashioned theatres was a prime setting for disasters, especially when dealing with potentially dangerous equipment such as daggers and swords. Macbeth is also a crowdpleaser, making it a play that has commonly been produced by theatres as a last-ditch effort to avoid closing down. Inevitably, an association came to be made between the production of ‘the Scottish play’ and theatres going bankrupt. (9) Yet the curse of Macbeth may simply be a selffulfilling prophecy. In 1988, an elderly man leapt to his death from the top balcony in the Metropolitan Opera during the intermission of a performance of Verdi’s Macbeth. He landed in the orchestra section and was killed instantly, although, thankfully, all the musicians emerged uninjured. Everyone put the incident down to the curse, of course, but perhaps the man chose his dramatic exit purely as a means of sustaining the myth about a phenomenon which exists only in the fertile imagination of those who choose to buy into it. Then again, the curse of Macbeth may have been the last thing on his mind. (10) “Double, double toil and trouble”: Shakespeare then and now 1 According to the first paragraph, A Shakespeare’s plays were easy to stage. B when writing his plays, Shakespeare had to keep the staging in mind all the time. C there were no special effects whatsoever in Shakespeare’s time. 2 What made Elizabethan theatre-goers probably more attentive than audiences today? A They could easily walk out of the theatre if they didn’t find the play to their liking. B They had to concentrate hard on the spoken language as most were illiterate. C Without elaborate special effects, there weren’t any distractions. 3 What point is made in the second paragraph? A There were only single-sex characters in the plays as women weren’t allowed to act. B If the theatre-goers weren’t educated enough, plays were simply too complicated for them. C Men dressed as women pretending to be men were often introduced to make a play funny. 4 Why did Shakespeare have to plan the beginnings and endings of scenes extra carefully? A He wanted to avoid totally ruining the atmosphere of the play. B The shape of the stage forced him to write long explanatory comments to finish each act. C Otherwise all the tragic moments would have become more or less comic. 5 Why is Macbeth believed to be cursed? A It has a long history of accidents that have taken place during its productions. B It is based on the unsolved murder of an aristocratic couple in Scotland. C It contains more supernatural elements than any other Shakespearean play. 6 How is it possible to get rid of the effects of the curse? A The play must be called by one of its nicknames. B The person must leave the theatre immediately to perform certain procedures. C By quoting special religious lines from a number of Shakespeare’s plays. 7 According to the paragraph, A there are more deaths caused by the curse than have been recorded. B President Lincoln fell victim to the curse on the Potomac River. C it’s possible to be influenced by the curse even though you’re not a theatre professional. 8 The origin of the curse A has been explained by a lot of scientific research. B was the result of witches taking revenge. C was published in a book on witchcraft. 9 The curse may have been enhanced by the fact that A the play was expensive to stage and didn’t make much money. B the play’s plot forces the actors to perform risky stunts, making them more accident-prone. C the theatres didn’t follow safety regulations when staging the production. 10 What point is made in the last paragraph? A Some incidents which may be pure coincidences have kept the curse alive. B Many unfortunate events can be blamed on an over-active imagination. C Several prophecies have come true during different performances of Macbeth. ____ / 10 p x 2 = ____ / 20 p Kirjoitustehtävät Write a composition of about 150–250 words on one of the topics below. Write the total number of words at the end. Follow the guidelines when writing your composition. 1 Word power Have you ever read a book that made a deep impression on you and the way you see the world? What kind of book was it? How did you come by the book in the first place? How did the reading experience affect you? 2 My first rock concert / opera / ballet / theatre play Choose one of the above and describe how the actual experience matched up to your expectations. 3 Mozart and pea soup? The head teacher at your school has come up with a brilliant idea: to make school lunch more appetizing, classical music will be played in the background starting next Monday. How do you feel about the idea? Give a speech to your fellow students supporting or criticizing the suggestion. 4 The wonders of the modern world What, in your opinion, are the greatest artistic achievements of today? Which buildings, pieces of art or examples of modern design, for example, will leave future generations in awe of our creativity? 5 Young designers Recycling and reusing old things seems to be popular among young designers. What will Finnish design look like in the future when these new designers have added their touch to it? 6 Confessions of my MP3 player Do you listen to music that you wouldn’t want to admit to in public? What are the darkest secrets of your MP3 player? Songs by Abba or Matti and Teppo, for example? How did these songs end up in your collection? 7 A library without books? These days you can borrow audio books, DVDs and CDs from the library. Some libraries even stock board games and sticks for Nordic walking. What are libraries really for and should we draw a line somewhere so that their original purpose doesn’t get forgotten? Key 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 CCAABCBBCB 0 C 1 C 2 C 3 A 4 B 5 C 6 C 7 A 8 A 9 C 0 A haunting performance If you 1C were to make a cinematic adaptation of 2C literary material, how faithful should you be to the original? The word syphilis doesn’t 3A feature anywhere in Bram Stoker’s Dracula, which he 4A wrote in 1897 and, 5B apparently, it’s still a matter of debate as to whether the author suffered from the terrible disease himself 6C while writing the novel. However, the 7B concept of vampirism as a metaphor for sexually transmitted disease 8B has haunted tales of the bloodthirsty count since the beginning. In the British TV production of Dracula, it takes centre stage as fears of the brain-wasting and 9C conduct-altering impact of syphilis compete with the effects of vampirism for the title of Biggest Horror. While this isn’t a faithful adaptation of Stoker for the big 10B screen, it certainly feels like it, 11C giving an early touch of feminism to its female 12C characters, particularly Sophia Myles as the doomed Lucy. Count Dracula, 13C played by Marc Warren, is a compromise between Stoker’s monster and the sexualized creature of later depictions, but fascinatingly, the humans in the film are far more 14A intriguing than the 15B protagonist. Fresh and sophisticated, this is a new look at an old story. Although the film is not rated, it’s 16C appropriate only for adults. If young children 17C were to view it alone, they would most likely be in for some sleepless nights. 18A Having watched it late at night, some viewers have admitted sleeping with the radio and all the lights on. 19A Being a true fan of horror films, I chose to watch it in style – alone and in the dark. After reading this account, a friend of mine told me that she 20C would buy the DVD. How about you? 1 A designer with attitude 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 ACBACACAAB 0 2 “Double, double toil and trouble”: Shakespeare then and now 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 BBCAABCBBA 0 ENA 5 kurssikoe Vastauslomake _________________________________________ _ Rakenne- ja sanastokoe 1 2345 67 89 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 ____ / 20 p Luetunymmärtämistehtävät 1 A designer with attitude 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ______ / 10 p 2 “Double, double toil and trouble” 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ______ / 10 p Kurssipalaute Rakenteiden ja sanaston hallinta _____ _____ / 20 p = Sanakokeet _____ Luetunymmärtäminen _____ / 20 p = ______ Kirjoitelma _____ / 99 p Kuullunymmärtäminen _____ 4 Complete the text with the correct forms of the verbs. Turning books into gold Paulo Coelho 1 ……………………………… (be born) in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. As a child he 2 ……………………………… (attend) a Jesuit school. After telling his mother that he wanted to become a writer, she 3 ……………………………… (respond) with “My dear, if you 4 ……………………………… (become) a writer, do you actually know what it would mean?” After researching, Coelho 5 ……………………………… (conclude) that a writer “always 6 ……………………………… (wear) glasses and never combs his hair”. At 17, Coelho’s introversion and refusal to follow a traditional path 7 ……………………………… (lead) to his parents committing him to a mental institution from which he 8 ……………………………… (escape) three times before being released at the age of 20. He realized that if he 9 ……………………………… (want) to make his parents happy, he would have to abandon his dream. Coelho 10 ……………………………… (enroll) in law school but dropped out after just one year and lived life as a hippie, traveling through South America, North Africa, Mexico, and Europe. After making the pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela in 1986, Coelho 11 ……………………………… (write) The Pilgrimage. The following year, he 12 ……………………………… (publish) The Alchemist, which 13 ……………………………… (become) a Brazilian bestseller. Now The Alchemist 14 ……………………………… (go on) to sell more than 65 million copies, becoming one of the bestselling books in history, and it 15 ……………………………… (translate) into more than 67 languages, winning the Guinness World Record for the most translated book by a living author. Since the publication of The Alchemist, Coelho 16 ……………………………… (write) one novel every two years. He has stated that he only 17 ……………………………… (start) writing a book after finding a white feather in the month of January of every odd year. This dates back to The Pilgrimage; while trying to overcome his fears of launching his writing career, Coelho 18 ……………………………… (say) “If I 19 ……………………………… (see) a white feather today, that is a sign that God is giving me that I have to write a new book”. The story goes that Coelho 20 ……………………………… (find) a white feather in the window of a shop, and began writing that day. ____ / 20 p Key 4 Turning books into gold Paulo Coelho 1 was born in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. As a child he 2 attended a Jesuit school. After telling his mother that he wanted to become a writer, she 3 responded with “My dear, if you 4 became a writer, do you actually know what it would mean?” After researching, Coelho 5 concluded that a writer “always 6 wears glasses and never combs his hair”. At 17, Coelho’s introversion and refusal to follow a traditional path 7 led to his parents committing him to a mental institution from which he 8 escaped three times before being released at the age of 20. He realized that if he 9 wanted to make his parents happy, he would have to abandon his dream. Coelho 10 enrolled in law school but dropped out after just one year and lived life as a hippie, traveling through South America, North Africa, Mexico, and Europe. After making the pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela in 1986, Coelho 11 wrote The Pilgrimage. The following year, he 12 published The Alchemist, which 13 became a Brazilian bestseller. Now The Alchemist 14 has gone on to sell more than 65 million copies, becoming one of the best-selling books in history, and it 15 has been translated into more than 67 languages, winning the Guinness World Record for the most translated book by a living author. Since the publication of The Alchemist, Coelho 16 has written one novel every two years. He has stated that he only 17 starts writing a book after finding a white feather in the month of January of every odd year. This dates back to The Pilgrimage; while trying to overcome his fears of launching his writing career, Coelho 18 said “If I 19 see a white feather today, that is a sign that God is giving me that I have to write a new book”. The story goes that Coelho 20 found a white feather in the window of a shop, and began writing that day. Lauseenvastikkeet 1 Kielioppitehtävät Fill in the missing words. 1 ………………………………………… these PC games are forbidden for children, it’s surprising how many parents buy them. (Ottaen huomioon) 2 ………………………………………… the way they speak, they can’t be Americans. (Päätellen) 3 We’ll have the wedding reception in the garden, ………………………………………………… , of course. (sään salliessa) 4 ………………………………………………… her previous book, Jocelyn Smith’s latest novel deals with more serious themes. (Verrattuna) 5 Make sure you have packed everything, ………………………………………… sleeping bags and mosquito repellent. (mukaan lukien) ____ / 10 p Key 1 1 Given that these PC games are forbidden for children, it’s surprising how many parents buy them. 2 Judging by the way they speak, they can’t be Americans. 3 We’ll have the wedding reception in the garden, weather permitting, of course. 4 Compared to/with her previous book, Jocelyn Smith’s latest novel deals with more serious themes. 5 Make sure you have packed everything, including sleeping bags and mosquito repellent. Rakenne- ja sanastotehtävät 1 Choose the best alternative. A haunting performance If you 1 …. a cinematic adaptation of 2 …. material, how faithful should you be to the original? The word syphilis doesn’t 3 …. anywhere in Bram Stoker’s Dracula, which he 4 …. in 1897 and, 5 …. , it’s still a matter of debate as to whether the author suffered from the terrible disease himself 6 …. the novel. However, the 7 …. of vampirism as a metaphor for sexually transmitted disease 8 …. tales of the bloodthirsty count since the beginning. In the British TV production of Dracula, it takes centre stage as fears of the brain-wasting and 9 ….-altering impact of syphilis compete with the effects of vampirism for the title of Biggest Horror. While this isn’t a faithful adaptation of Stoker for the big 10 …. , it certainly feels like it, 11 …. an early touch of feminism to its female 12 …. , particularly Sophia Myles as the doomed Lucy. Count Dracula, 13 …. by Marc Warren, is a compromise between Stoker’s monster and the sexualized creature of later depictions, but fascinatingly, the humans in the film are far more 14 …. than the 15 …. . Fresh and sophisticated, this is a new look at an old story. Although the film is not rated, it’s 16 …. only for adults. If young children 17 …. it alone, they would most likely be in for some sleepless nights. 18 …. it late at night, some viewers have admitted sleeping with the radio and all the lights on. 19 …. a true fan of horror films, I chose to watch it in style – alone and in the dark. After reading this account, a friend of mine told me that she 20 …. the DVD. How about you? 1 A will be making B make C were to make 2 A literal B literature literary 3 A feature B emulate indicate 4 A wrote B has written had been written 5 A gradually B apparently aimlessly 6 A to have been written B while writing 7 A assurance B concept harassment 8 A will haunt B has haunted haunted 9 A exposure B angle C 10 A canvas B screen C 11 A to give B given C 12 A adversities B depictions characters 13 A having played B C played 14 A intriguing B devout C immeasurable 15 A playwright B protagonist prejudice would C C C C writing C C C conduct picture giving C playing C 16 A appropriate 17 A were to view 18 A C Watched 19 A Given that 20 A C would buy renowned B conflicting C will view B would view C Having watched Watching Being B B Considering having bought B C will buy 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 ____ / 20 p Key 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 CCAABCBBCB 0 C 1 C 2 C 3 A 4 B 5 C 6 C 7 A 8 A 9 C 0 A haunting performance If you 1C were to make a cinematic adaptation of 2C literary material, how faithful should you be to the original? The word syphilis doesn’t 3A feature anywhere in Bram Stoker’s Dracula, which he 4A wrote in 1897 and, 5B apparently, it’s still a matter of debate as to whether the author suffered from the terrible disease himself 6C while writing the novel. However, the 7B concept of vampirism as a metaphor for sexually transmitted disease 8B has haunted tales of the bloodthirsty count since the beginning. In the British TV production of Dracula, it takes centre stage as fears of the brain-wasting and 9C conduct-altering impact of syphilis compete with the effects of vampirism for the title of Biggest Horror. While this isn’t a faithful adaptation of Stoker for the big 10B screen, it certainly feels like it, 11C giving an early touch of feminism to its female 12C characters, particularly Sophia Myles as the doomed Lucy. Count Dracula, 13C played by Marc Warren, is a compromise between Stoker’s monster and the sexualized creature of later depictions, but fascinatingly, the humans in the film are far more 14A intriguing than the 15B protagonist. Fresh and sophisticated, this is a new look at an old story. Although the film is not rated, it’s 16C appropriate only for adults. If young children 17C were to view it alone, they would most likely be in for some sleepless nights. 18A Having watched it late at night, some viewers have admitted sleeping with the radio and all the lights on. 19A Being a true fan of horror films, I chose to watch it in style – alone and in the dark. After reading this account, a friend of mine told me that she 20C would buy the DVD. How about you? “Double, double toil and trouble”: Shakespeare then and now Few would dispute Shakespeare’s literary talents, yet the playwright was not only a writer of exceptional originality and versatility, he was also skilled in overcoming the technical difficulties involved in staging a play in an era in which special effects and gadgetry were all but nonexistent. Elaborate scenery, props or computergenerated imagery can readily set a scene, evoke a mood or create an illusion today, but the Bard had to achieve these feats and create the appropriate atmosphere purely through the lines uttered by his characters. The majority of people in Shakespearean England may not have been able to read or write, but this no doubt enhanced their powers of attentiveness, making them critical theatre-goers who could vote with their feet if a play didn’t live up to their expectations. (1, 2) Shakespeare also had to make good use of his imagination when visualizing how his characters would translate realistically from the page to the stage. As women were effectively prohibited from appearing on stage, and female roles were played by men, Shakespeare had to take this into account when devising his storylines. This gender-bending also demanded a lot from the audience as many comedies relied on mistaken identity to raise a laugh, involving female characters who pretended to be the opposite sex by donning men’s clothing. Audience members could easily lose track of the complicated twists and turns in the plot if they didn’t keep their wits about them. (3) The structure of the Elizabethan stage also had a significant influence on the plays. For example, the Globe was an apron stage, with the audience standing on three sides, and it wasn’t possible to draw curtains across it. That’s why Shakespeare had to write introductory words to start each scene. It was no easy matter getting the dead off the stage at the end of a sword fight or violent scene either. A modern producer would have no problem plunging the theatre into darkness at the end of Hamlet, for instance, or simply letting the curtain descend dramatically after the final scene, but the Elizabethan audience had a clear view of the proceedings at all times. So Shakespeare had to find ways and means of removing the dead without shattering the illusion or, worse, inadvertently turning a tragic moment into a comic one. (4) There’s no denying the fact that the Bard had a way with words, weaving imagery and symbolism into everything he wrote. But there is one play in particular which seems to have captured the imagination of both actors and theatre-goers more than most – Macbeth. The tragedy, with its murderous plot and fateful conclusion, is alleged to have a curse attached to it. It has acquired an evil reputation because tradition traces a long line of disasters back to its premiere on August 7, 1606. Macbeth is the story of a Scottish nobleman and his wife, who are destroyed by their ambition. It is a violent play with more than a touch of the supernatural about it, so it contains all the ingredients that one would expect in a cursed play: bloodshed, ghosts, witches casting spells, and a protagonist possessed by murderous tendencies. Merely saying the name ‘Macbeth’ inside a theatre will supposedly doom the production to failure, and anyone acting in it may face physical injury or even death. The only exception is when the word is spoken in a line in the play. Actors studiously avoid saying the word Macbeth anywhere else, but if one accidentally forgets to refer to the play by one of its nicknames, most commonly ‘the Scottish play’, they are obliged to perform a number of cleansing rituals to ward off evil. In order to reverse the bad luck, the person who uttered the word must exit the theatre, spin around three times, spit over their left shoulder, say an obscenity, and then ask for permission to go back inside. It is also possible to reverse the curse by reciting a suitable line from another of Shakespeare’s plays, such as ‘Angels and ministers of grace defend us’ (Hamlet). (5, 6) Such a ritual may sound ridiculous, but it is not entirely without grounds. Macbeth has left such a long trail of death and destruction in its wake that it would be impossible to recount all the instances. The curse seems to have affected people other than theatre professionals and audiences as well. It was a copy of Macbeth that President Lincoln took with him to read to a group of friends on board the River Queen on the Potomac River. Ironically, he chose to read the scene in which King Duncan is assassinated. Within a week Lincoln himself was killed by a hit man, in a theatre of all places. (7) Spooky coincidences aside, some pseudoscientific theories have been put forward to explain the curse. According to one, Shakespeare wrote Macbeth to please King James I, who had previously published a book on witches and how to detect them. In one scene three witches dance around a black cauldron casting spells in a black magic ritual, providing the audience with step-by-step instructions on how to cast real spells. The practitioners of rituals like this were not happy with such public exposure of their witchcraft, and in retaliation they reportedly cast a spell on the play, making it the most ill-fated of all theatrical productions. (8) A more probable explanation for all the accidents and misfortunes that haunt the play is the fact that it includes a greater number of fight scenes and consequently more possibilities for accidents than the average play. The backstage area in old-fashioned theatres was a prime setting for disasters, especially when dealing with potentially dangerous equipment such as daggers and swords. Macbeth is also a crowdpleaser, making it a play that has commonly been produced by theatres as a last-ditch effort to avoid closing down. Inevitably, an association came to be made between the production of ‘the Scottish play’ and theatres going bankrupt. (9) Yet the curse of Macbeth may simply be a selffulfilling prophecy. In 1988, an elderly man leapt to his death from the top balcony in the Metropolitan Opera during the intermission of a performance of Verdi’s Macbeth. He landed in the orchestra section and was killed instantly, although, thankfully, all the musicians emerged uninjured. Everyone put the incident down to the curse, of course, but perhaps the man chose his dramatic exit purely as a means of sustaining the myth about a phenomenon which exists only in the fertile imagination of those who choose to buy into it. Then again, the curse of Macbeth may have been the last thing on his mind. (10) 4 Choose the best alternative. “Double, double toil and trouble”: Shakespeare then and now 1 According to the first paragraph, A Shakespeare’s plays were easy to stage. B when writing his plays, Shakespeare had to keep the staging in mind all the time. C there were no special effects whatsoever in Shakespeare’s time. 2 What made Elizabethan theatre-goers probably more attentive than audiences today? A They could easily walk out of the theatre if they didn’t find the play to their liking. B They had to concentrate hard on the spoken language as most were illiterate. C Without elaborate special effects, there weren’t any distractions. 3 What point is made in the second paragraph? A There were only single-sex characters in the plays as women weren’t allowed to act. B If the theatre-goers weren’t educated enough, plays were simply too complicated for them. C Men dressed as women pretending to be men were often introduced to make a play funny. 4 Why did Shakespeare have to plan the beginnings and endings of scenes extra carefully? A He wanted to avoid totally ruining the atmosphere of the play. B The shape of the stage forced him to write long explanatory comments to finish each act. C Otherwise all the tragic moments would have become more or less comic. 5 Why is Macbeth believed to be cursed? A It has a long history of accidents that have taken place during its productions. B It is based on the unsolved murder of an aristocratic couple in Scotland. C It contains more supernatural elements than any other Shakespearean play. 6 How is it possible to get rid of the effects of the curse? A The play must be called by one of its nicknames. B The person must leave the theatre immediately to perform certain procedures. C By quoting special religious lines from a number of Shakespeare’s plays. 7 According to the paragraph, A there are more deaths caused by the curse than have been recorded. B President Lincoln fell victim to the curse on the Potomac River. C it’s possible to be influenced by the curse even though you’re not a theatre professional. 8 The origin of the curse A has been explained by a lot of scientific research. B was the result of witches taking revenge. C was published in a book on witchcraft. 9 The curse may have been enhanced by the fact that A the play was expensive to stage and didn’t make much money. B the play’s plot forces the actors to perform risky stunts, making them more accident-prone. C the theatres didn’t follow safety regulations when staging the production. 10 What point is made in the last paragraph? A Some incidents which may be pure coincidences have kept the curse alive. B Many unfortunate events can be blamed on an over-active imagination. C Several prophecies have come true during different performances of Macbeth. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0 ____ / 10 p x 2 = ____ / 20 p Key 4 “Double, double toil and trouble”: Shakespeare then and now 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 BBCAABCBBA 0 Kirjoitelmat Kirjoitustehtävät Write a composition of about 150–250 words on one of the topics below. Write the total number of words at the end. Follow the guidelines when writing your composition. 1 Word power Have you ever read a book that made a deep impression on you and the way you see the world? What kind of book was it? How did you come by the book in the first place? How did the reading experience affect you? 2 A lunch date with a difference Imagine that you could have a lunch date with your favourite fictional character. What would happen if you sat down to eat and chat with James Bond, Indiana Jones, Homer Simpson, Bridget Jones, Lara Croft, Romeo or Juliet, for example? Write a diary entry where you describe what happened when you met. 3 My first rock concert / opera / ballet / theatre play Choose one of the above and describe how the actual experience matched up to your expectations. 4 Mozart and pea soup? The head teacher at your school has come up with a brilliant idea: to make school lunch more appetizing, classical music will be played in the background starting next Monday. How do you feel about the idea? Give a speech to your fellow students supporting or criticizing the suggestion. 5 The wonders of the modern world What, in your opinion, are the greatest artistic achievements of today? Which buildings, pieces of art or examples of modern design, for example, will leave future generations in awe of our creativity? 6 Young designers Recycling and reusing old things seems to be popular among young designers. What will Finnish design look like in the future when these new designers have added their touch to it? 7 Confessions of my MP3 player Do you listen to music that you wouldn’t want to admit to in public? What are the darkest secrets of your MP3 player? Songs by Abba or Matti and Teppo, for example? How did these songs end up in your collection? 8 A library without books? These days you can borrow audio books, DVDs and CDs from the library. Some libraries even stock board games and sticks for Nordic walking. What are libraries really for and should we draw a line somewhere so that their original purpose doesn’t get forgotten? 9 A photograph that I love Describe a photograph which you treasure. On what occasion was it taken and by whom? Why does it mean so much to you? 10 Famous lives Why are some people so interested in film stars’ lives? Why do their private lives often attract more attention than their films? 11 Sport is culture too! It’s not just opera, ballet and theatre that can be classified as culture. Sport is culture, too. Argue for or against this statement. 12 A night at the museum What could museums do to attract more young people? Late-night openings? Free food? Free admission? What else? What would make a museum a great place to spend time with your friends? Write a letter to the Editor of your local paper presenting your views.