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Cnidarians (Greek “cnidos” means __________________) Common names: corals, jellyfish, sea anemones 1st simple animals to have __________________, more complex than sponges Tissues enable them to swim, engulf prey, and respond to stimuli ________________________ symmetry Body can be divided in half anywhere along a central axis No head, front or back Anatomy Two basic body forms Polyp (faces upward) Medusa (upside-down polyp) Central mouth opens into _______________________ (gut cavity) Mouth surrounded by _______________________ _____________ attaches to substrate with a _______________________ Tentacles have specialized _____________________, called ________________, used for capturing prey and _____________________ Types of Cnidarians: o Remember classification: o Kingdom Animalia o Phylum Cnidaria Class … o Class _______________________(Portuguese Man o’ War) o Colonial organisms o Wide range of body forms o Consist of feathery or bushy colonies of tiny polyps o Polyps can be specialized for feeding, defense or reproduction o Toxins from nematocysts can produce painful reactions in humans o Class ______________________ (True jellyfish) o Rounded body (bell) can be up to 2 meters o Swim with rhythmic contractions of the bell Among the most dangerous marine animals, giving extremely painful - sometimes deadly stings o Class ______________________ (corals and anemones) o Solitary or colonial polyps that lack a medusa stage o Largest # of species in this class of Cnidarians o Corals - CaCO3 (Calcium Carbonate) skeleton forms coral reefs o Some have fleshy colonies with large polyps and no skeleton What makes a cnidarian a cnidarian? o ____________________ (____________________in tentacles) o _________________ contain fluid filled capsule that is ejected Where do they live? o Polyps are ____________________________. o Medusas are __________________________. What/how do they eat? o Mostly _________________________ o Use _______________________ to catch prey o Some contain __________________ (that are even strong enough to kill humans) that are used to _________________________ Behavior o o o o o o Cnidarians don’t have ___________________________. Transmit impulses in all directions Some can recognize other members of the same species. Some attack and kill anemones of other species using ________________. Some_______________ have primitive eyes (light sensitive) capable of ___________- movement toward (______________) or away from (_______________) light Reproduction o o o o o o o o o Cnidarians reproduce both __________________ and __________________. ________________________ (produces new organism genetically identical to parent) ___________________ to form a new organism May stay ________________ to the parent organism or break off to form a new one. Cnidarians (like sponges) also have the ability to ______________________, so that broken parts form new organisms. _________________ Reproduction Most cnidarians are _________________ (have separate sexes). The ____________(sperm and eggs) are broadcast into the water and fertilization is external. Free-swimming _ ___________ forms, which permits dispersal for sessile forms. (Larvae)