Download Dynamics and Space

Homework Booklet
National 5 Physics
Dynamics and Space Part 2
DO NOT write on this booklet.
You will be required to return it at the end of the course!
Last updated by AD May 2014
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Practice questions on relationship between
speed, force and energy and Newton’s Laws
(adapted from HSDU Int2 Pupil Materials Pack)
Balanced forces and Newton’s First Law
1.
The diagram shows the forces acting on a balloon as it rises at a constant velocity.
a)
What will be the size of force A?
b)
Name force A.
b)
If the balloon was falling at a constant velocity, what would be the size of force A?
Buoyancy Force = 2000 N
Force A
2.
The diagram below shows the forces acting on a car moving at constant velocity.
Road Reaction
= 10 000 N
Air Resistance = 400 N
Force E
Road Friction = 450 N
Force D
a) What can you say about the unbalanced force acting on this car?
b) How big is the engine force E?
c) What is the weight of the car D?
3.
Explain, using Newton’s First Law, why:
a)
b)
passengers without seat belts in a stationary car appear to be thrown forwards in the
car, when the car stops suddenly.
rocket engines can be turned off during interplanetary flight.
4.
a)
b)
c)
Draw a diagram to show the forces acting on a parachutist as they fall.
Explain how a parachutist reaches a terminal velocity.
How can the parachutist increase their terminal velocity?
5.
Explain what is meant by the term free fall
Last updated by AD May 2014
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Newton’s Second Law
The data table on the right may be required for questions 6-14.
Assume the questions refer to the Earth unless otherwise stated
Planet
Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune
Pluto
g (N/kg)
3.7
8.8
9.8
3.8
26.4
11.5
11.7
11.8
4.2
6.
What is the weight of a 10 kg bag of potatoes?
7.
What is the weight of a 250 g bag of sweets?
8.
What is the mass of a 441 N girl?
9.
What is the weight of a 10,000 kg spacecraft on
a) Earth
b) Mars
c) Venus?
10.
What would a 60 kg man weigh on Jupiter?
11.
Which planet’s gravity is closest to our own?
12.
An astronaut who weighs 686 N on Earth goes to a planet where he weighs 266 N.
Calculate his mass and state which planet he was on.
13.
What would an astronaut weigh on Earth, if his weight on Venus was 528 N?
14.
a)
b)
What would be the mass and weight of a 60kg astronaut during an interplanetary flight
to mars where the gravitational field strength is 0.8 N/kg?
If an astronaut dropped a ball at this point in the journey, what would the acceleration of
the ball be?
15.
What force is needed to accelerate a 5 kg mass upwards at 3 ms-2 near the surface of the
earth?
16.
What will be the acceleration of a falling 12 kg mass on earth acted on by an air resistance
force of 30 N?
17.
What mass would accelerate upwards from the moon at 2 ms-2 when acted on by a 12 N
force? The gravitational field strength on the moon is 1.6 NKg-1.
18.
What force will accelerate 250 g at 2 ms-2 from the surface of the moon?
19.
A helicopter winches an injured climber up from a mountainside.
The climber’s mass is 65 kg.
a) What is the weight of the climber?
b) If he is accelerated upwards at 1.0 ms-2, what unbalanced force is required?
c) What total upwards force must be produced by the helicopter?
20.
A rocket of mass 2000 kg is launched from earth with rockets providing a total thrust of
50,000N.
a)
With what acceleration does the rocket leave the launch pad?
b)
What happens to the acceleration of the rocket as it rises. You must justify your answer.
c)
What would be the acceleration of the same rocket if it where launched from the surface
of mars?
Last updated by AD May 2014
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Newton’s Third Law
21.
State Newton’s Third Law.
22.
Identify the ‘Newton pairs’ in the following situations.
Practice questions on satellites
(From standard grade general physics past papers)
22. (2008 qn 2)
The weather information satellite NOAA-15 has a period of 99 minutes and an orbital height of 833
kilometres.
The geostationary weather information satellite Meteosat has a period of 1440 minutes and an orbital
height of 35 900 kilometres.
Which of the following gives the period of a satellite that has an orbital height of 20 000 kilometres?
A
B
C
D
E
83 minutes
99 minutes
720 minutes
1440 minutes
1750 minutes
23. (2009 qn 2)
How long does a geostationary satellite take to orbit the Earth?
A
B
C
D
E
1 hour
1 day
1 week
1 month
1 year
Last updated by AD May 2014
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24. (2010 qn 7)
A satellite navigation system receives radio signals transmitted by satellites in orbit around the Earth.
The satellite navigation system finds its location by calculating the distance the transmitted signals
travel.
(a)
In addition to the speed of the signals, what other quantity must be known to calculate
distance?
(b)
Copy and complete the passage below using words from the following list:
greater
sound
light
energy
height
mass
less
Radio signals are waves which transfer ................................ . The radio signals travel at the
speed of light, which is ................................. than the speed of sound. The period of a satellite
orbit depends on its ........................ above the Earth.
(c)
A curved reflector is often used to make the signals received from a satellite stronger.
Draw a diagram to show the effect of a curved reflector on transmitted signals.
(d)
How can the strength of signal received by the dishes detector be increased?
(e)
Satellite navigation systems often use geostationary satellites. What is meant by the
term “geostationary satellite”?
25.
a)
b)
What is the speed of the signals which are sent are received by satellites?
Why is there a delay when satellites are used as part of a communication system?
26.
Copy and complete the following table for satellite signals.
Distance to satellite
Time for signal to travel to
satellite
1,200 m
0.0002 s
36, 000 km
Last updated by AD May 2014
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Practice questions on Projectile Motion
(From HSDU Int2 Pupil Materials Pack)
27. A stone thrown horizontally from a cliff lands 24 m out from the cliff after 3 s. Find:
a) the horizontal speed of the stone
b) the vertical speed at impact.
28. A ball is thrown horizontally from a high window at 6 m/s and reaches the ground after
2 s. Calculate:
a) the horizontal distance travelled
b) the vertical speed at impact.
29. An aircraft flying horizontally at 150 ms-1, drops a bomb which hits the target after 8 s.
Find:
a) the distance travelled horizontally by the bomb
b) the vertical speed of the bomb at impact
c) the distance travelled horizontally by the aircraft as the bomb fell
d) the position of the aircraft relative to the bomb at impact.
30.
A ball is projected horizontally at 15 ms-1 from the top of a vertical cliff. It reaches the ground
5 s later. For the period between projection until it hits the ground, draw graphs with
numerical values on the scales of the ball’s
a) horizontal velocity against time
b) vertical velocity against time
c) From the graphs calculate the horizontal and vertical distances travelled.
31.
In the experimental set-up shown below, the arrow is lined up towards the target.
As it is fired, the arrow breaks the circuit supplying the electromagnet, and the target falls
downwards from A to B.
electromagnet holds target in place
A
a)
b)
32.
target
B
Explain why the arrow will hit the target.
Suggest one set of circumstances when the arrow would fail to hit the target
(you must assume it is always lined up correctly).
Explain in terms of projectile motion how a satellite orbits earth.
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Practice questions on Space Exploration
(From HSDU Int2 Pupil Materials Pack)
Latent Heat
33. Calculate the amount of heat energy required to melt 0.3 kg of ice at 0 oC.
(Specific latent heat of fusion of ice = 3.34 x 105 Jkg-1)
34. Calculate the specific latent heat of fusion of naphthalene given that 6 x 105 J of heat are
given out when 4.0 kg of naphthalene at its melting point changes to a solid.
35. Calculate what mass of water can be changed to steam if 10.6 kJ of heat energy is
supplied to the water at 100 oC.
(Specific latent heat of vaporisation of water = 2.26 x 106 Jkg-1)
36. Ammonia is vaporised in order to freeze an ice rink.
a) Find out how much heat it would take to vaporise 1 g of ammonia.
b) Assuming this heat is taken from water at 0 oC, find the mass of water frozen for every
gram of ammonia vaporised.
(Specific latent heat of vaporisation of ammonia = 1.34 x 106 Jkg-1
Specific latent heat of fusion of ice = 3.34 x 105 Jkg-1).
37. The graph below shows how the temperature of a 2 kg lump of solid wax varies with time
when heated.
70
Temperature/degrees C
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0
50
100
150
200
Time/s
a) Explain what is happening to the wax in the regions AB, BC and CD.
b) If a 200 J of energy is used each second to heat the wax, calculate the specific latent
heat of fusion of the solid wax.
38. (standard grade general 2007 qn 18)
A meteorite is the name given to an object which enters the earth’s atmosphere from space. When
they enter the atmosphere, meteorites heat up and melt.
a)
b)
c)
Describe the energy transfers involved when a meteorite enters the atmosphere.
Explain why the same does not happen to space craft when they re-enter the atmosphere.
Describe some of the advantages experienced in every day life as a result of space
exploration.
Last updated by AD May 2014
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Practice questions on Cosmology
39. (standard grade physics general 2007 qn 18)
a)
b)
c)
d)
Which planet has the longest day?
Which planet has the longest orbit?
Suggest how far away Venus is from the sun.
Stars and planets belong to galaxies, what is a galaxy?
40. (standard grade physics general 2009 qn 19)
Read the following passage about a space mission to the moons of Jupiter.
The spacecraft will use a new kind of engine called an ion drive. The ion drive will propel the
spacecraft away from Earth on its journey to the moons of Jupiter, although for much of the journey
the engine will be switched off. The spacecraft will first visit the moon Callisto. Callisto is only slightly
smaller than the planet Mercury. Next, the spacecraft will visit Ganymede, the largest moon in the
Solar System, before travelling on to Europa. The radiation around Europa is so intense that the
spacecraft will not be able to operate for long before becoming damaged beyond repair. The
spacecraft will eventually burn up in the atmosphere of Jupiter.
(a)
(b)
Name one object, mentioned in the passage, which orbits a planet.
State what is meant by the term Solar System.
(c)
Sate what is meant by the term Exo-planet.
(d)
List the conditions needed for an exo-planet to support life.
Last updated by AD May 2014
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41. (standard grade physics general 2009 qn 20)
42.
State what is meant by the term “light year” and explain why these units are used in
cosmology.
43.
Show by calculation how many meters are in one light year.
44.
a)
b)
Describe how line spectra can be used by astronomers to identify the elements in a
star.
Describe a “continuous spectra”.
Last updated by AD May 2014
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45.
(a)
The diagrams show the line spectra from a nearby galaxy and a distant galaxy.
nearby galaxy
distant galaxy
400
500
600
Wavelength in nm
700
(i)
Which end of the spectrum is red.
(ii)
What does the shift of the line spectra for the distant galaxy suggest about its motion relative to
the nearby galaxy?
(iii) Explain how this shift supports the ‘Big Bang’ theory of the Universe.
(b)
The graph shows two ways in which the size of the Universe might change over time.
(i)
Size of the
Universe
(ii)
0
0
Big
Bang
Time
Explain the significance of curves (i) and (ii) and the different predictions they make about the future
of the Universe.
Last updated by AD May 2014
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46.
47.
The galaxies in the Universe are moving.
The diagram shows the paths of some galaxies.
(i)
How does the movement of the galaxies support the ‘Big Bang’ theory of the origin of the
Universe?
(ii)
How do astronomers measure the movement of the galaxies?
(iii)
What other evidence supports the ‘Big Bang’ theory?
The Big Bang theory attempts to explain the origin and possible future of the Universe.
(a)
Describe the main features of the Big Bang theory.
(b)
State two pieces of evidence that support the Big Bang theory.
48.
Studies of light from distant galaxies have provided evidence for the theory that the Universe started from
one place and is expanding. Explain how.
49.
‘Red shift’ is one of the pieces of evidence which led scientists to propose the ‘big bang’ theory.
(a)
Describe the big bang theory.
(b)
To gain full marks for this question you should write your ideas in good English. Put them into a
sensible order and use the correct scientific words.
Explain how red shift provides evidence for the big bang theory.
50.
(a)
The light spectrum from a distant galaxy shows a red shift.
What is meant by red shift and what does it tell us about distant galaxies?
(b)
What name is given to the theory that the Universe started with a massive explosion?
Last updated by AD May 2014
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51.
(c)
(b) The light spectrum from a distant galaxy shows a red shift.
(i)
What is meant by red shift?
(ii)
What does red shift tell us about distant galaxies?
The “Big Bang” theory is one theory of the origin of the Universe.
What are the main ideas of the “Big Bang” theory?
Open Ended Questions for Space
52. Two students revising for the national 5 physics exam discus satellite motion. One of them says:
“Satellites stay in motion because there is no gravity”
Using your knowledge of Physics comment on this statement.
53. An astronaut on the international space station was quoted as saying:
“I sometimes feel like a human cannon ball.”
Using your knowledge of physics to comment on this statement.
54 Recently, one of the first space probes launched by NASA in 1977 left our Solar System.
a. Using your knowledge of physics, explain how this space probe was able to reach the outer planets.
b. Using your knowledge of physics, explain how NASA might know that the probe has now left our Solar
System.
c. Using your knowledge of physics, comment on what will happen next to this space probe.
55. Using your knowledge of physics comment on the use of satellites in society.
56. An astronomer is observing one particular star in the night sky, and states that the star is moving away from
the Earth.
Last updated by AD May 2014
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Using your knowledge of physics, comment on what evidence the astronomer might need to confirm his
findings.
57. Telescopes come in all shapes and sizes.
Using your knowledge of the electromagnetic spectrum, expand on this statement.
58. Astronomers often talk of the ‘observable universe’.
Using your knowledge of physics discuss why this is a limited view of the universe.
59. In around 100 words describe the history of the Universe.
60. A physics teacher states that geostationary satellies have a constant period of 24 hours. Later in the lesson,
the teacher says all satellites are accelerating.
Use your knowledge of physics to comment on the teacher’s statements.
National 5 Section 1 Exam Style Questions for
Space
61. (Qn 4 Int 2 Physics 2007)
62. (Qn 5 Int 2 Physics 2007)
Last updated by AD May 2014
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63. (Qn 16 Int 2 Physics 2007)
64. (Qn 7 Int 2 Physics 2008)
65. (Qn 4 Int 2 Physics 2009)
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66. (Qn 7 Int 2 Physics 2009)
Last updated by AD May 2014
67. (Qn 4 Int 2 Physics 2010)
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68. (Qn 5 Int 2 Physics 2010)
70. (Qn 2 Int 2 Physics 2012)
71. (Qn 5 Int 2 Physics 2012)
69. (Qn 14 Int 2 Physics 2011)
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72. (Qn 8 Int 2 Physics 2012)
Last updated by AD May 2014
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National 5 Section 2 Exam Style Questions for
Space
73. (Qn 15 Credit Physics 2007)
Last updated by AD May 2014
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74. (Qn 15 Credit Physics 2008)
Calculate the specific latent heat of the silica tiles.
Last updated by AD 16th May 2013
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(c)
The gravitational field strength in N/kg , g, at and distance, d, in meters above the earth surface can
be calculated using the formula:
where G is the gravitational constant of value 6.67 x 10-11 m3kg-1s-2 and M is the mass of the
earth, 6 x 1024 kg.
Calculate the gravitational field strength on the space station which is at a distance 8,200km
above the earth’s surface.
75. (Qn 15 Credit Physics 2009)
Last updated by AD 16th May 2013
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(i)
(ii) The gravitational pull, F, in netwons between Ganymede and the probe when they are separated by a
distance r in meters can be calculated using the formula:
where G is the gravitational constant of value 6.67 x 10-11 m3kg-1s-2 and M is the larger of the two
masses in kg and m is the smaller of the two masses in kg.
Use the data in the table below to calculate the gravitational pull between Ganymede and the probe
when the probe orbits at a distance of 1,000 km.
Object
Jupiter
Io
Europa
Ganymede
Probe
Mass (kg)
2 x 1027
9 x 1022
5 x 1022
1 x 1023
600
(ii) At what distance, d, would the probe need to be to experience twice the gravitational pull from Ganymede?
Last updated by AD 16th May 2013
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76. (Qn 14 Credit Physics 2010)
(ii) The period, T, in seconds of any orbiting object can be calculated using the formula:
where G is the gravitational constant of value 6.67 x 10-11 m3kg-1s-2 , M the mass in Kg at the centre of
the orbit and r is the distance in meters between the centre of the orbit and the object.
Calculate the period, in days, for Pluto (mass 1.3 x 1022 kg) orbiting the sun (mass 2 x 1030 kg) at a
distance of 5.9 x 1012m
Last updated by AD 16th May 2013
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77. (Qn 13 Credit Physics 2010)
(d)
(i)
If the astronaut where to have thrown the hammer upwards rather than dropping it downwards
what is most likely happen to the hammer? Explain your answer using your understanding of
physics.
(ii)
The speed, v, in ms-1 with which the hammer would need to be thrown to escape from the moons
gravity and travel off into space can be calculated using the formula:
where g has it’s usual meaning and it measured in standard units.
Calculate the speed with which the hammer would need to be thrown to escape the moons
gravitational pull.
Last updated by AD 16th May 2013
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78. (Qn 14 Credit Physics 2011)
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79. (Qn 15 Credit Physics 2011)
80. (Qn 15 Credit Physics 2012)
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(c)
An astronaut looks out from the space station at the night sky and considers a puzzle called “Olbers
Paradox”. This puzzle asks why the night sky seems black when it is infinitely sized and contains an
infinite number of stars. Use your understanding of Physics to explain the Olbers Paradox.
Last updated by AD 16th May 2013
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81. (Qn 22 Int 2 Physics 2008)
Last updated by AD 16th May 2013
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82. (Qn 24 Int 2 Physics 2009)
(a) Explain why energy is released when water is changed into ice by the dispenser.
0oC
(d)
Explain why the temperature of a drink falls when ice cubes are added.
83. (Qn 21 Int 2 Physics 2011)
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(e)
How would your answers to parts (a) to (d) above be affected if the cricket strike took place on the
moon. Justify your answer.
(f)
What factors would an astronaut attempting to catch the cricket ball on the moon need to consider?
84. (Qn 23 Int 2 Physics 2011)
(c) As the aircraft travels it uses up fuel. Explain how this affects your answers to parts (a) and (b)
above.
85. (Qn 21 Int 2 Physics 2012)
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(iii) The acceleration, a, in ms-2 of the satellite can be calculated from the speed of the satellite, v, in ms-1 and
the distance, d, in meters of orbit from the earth using the formula:
Calculate the speed of the satellite when it travels at a height of 800 km with an acceleration of 8 ms-2.
(iii) Russian scientists consider launching a new satellite that will remain in orbit above Moscow to
monitor traffic flow. Use your understanding of Physics to explain if this is possible or not.
Last updated by AD 16th May 2013
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Practice questions on relationship between
speed, force and energy and Newton’s Laws
(From HSDU Int2 Pupil Materials Pack)
1.
a) 2000N
b) weight
2.
a) 0N b) 850N
3.
a) passengers continue to move forward at the same speed as the car was going in a straight
line until they experience an unbalanced force for example by crashing into the window.
c) 10 000N
b) there are no unbalanced forces such as friction slowing the rocket down so it will continue to
travel forwards in a straight line at a constant speed.
4.
a) Upwards – air resistance, downwards – weight
b) Air resistance increases as the parachutist falls. Once the air resistance equals the weight a
steady speed is reached as the forces acting of the parachutist are balanced.
c) By reducing their air resistance for example tucking their body up into a more streamlined
position.
5.
Falling with an acceleration of 9.8 ms-2 due to gravity
6.
98N
7.
2.45 N
8.
4.2 kg
9.
a) 98 000N
10.
1 584 N
11.
Venus
12.
70 kg Mercury
13.
588 N
14.
a) mass = 60kg, weight = 48N
15.
64N
16.
7.3 ms-2
17.
3.3 kg
18.
0.9N
19.
a) 637N
b) 38 000N
c) 88 000N
b) 65N
Last updated by AD 16th May 2013
b) 0.8 ms-2
c) 702N
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20.
a) 15.2ms-2
b) Acceleration increases for two reasons. 1st mass decreases as fuel is used up. 2nd
unbalanced force increases because weight decreases due to reduced gravitation field
strength.
21.
If A exerts a force on B then B exerts and equal and opposite force on A.
22.
a) golf club onto ball, ball onto golf club
b) snooker ball onto cue, cue onto snooker ball
c) exhaust gasses on shuttle, shuttle on exhaust gasses
Practice questions on satellites
23.
E
24.
24.
a) distance travelled by the signals
(From standard grade general physics papers)
B
b) energy, greater, height
c) get your teacher to check this answer!
d) larger dish area
e) remains above the same part of the earth’s surface during orbit
25.
a) 3 x 108 ms-1
26.
4 x 10-6 s
b) signals have a very large distance to travel
60 000m
0.12s
Practice questions on Projectile Motion
(From HSDU Int2 Pupil Materials Pack)
27.
a) 8 ms-1
b) 29.4 ms-1
28.
a) 12m
b) 19.6 ms-1
29.
a) 1 200m
b) 78.4 ms-1 c)1 200m
30.
a) horizontal line at 15 ms-1
d) directly above
b) line joining 0,0 to 49 ms-1at 5s
c) horizontal distance = 75m, vertical distance = 123m
31.
a) target and arrow experience the same vertical acceleration
b) if air resistance was taken into account
32.
constant horizontal velocity but increasing vertical velocity
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Practice questions on Space Exploration
(From HSDU Int2 Pupil Materials Pack)
33.
100 200J
34.
150 00 Jkg-1
35.
0.005 kg
36.
a) 1 340J
37.
a) AB=solid heating, BC=solid melting, CD=liquid heating up
b) 0.004kg
b) 5 000 Jkg-1
38.
a) energy stored potentially is transferred to being stored kinetically as the meteorite falls, as
the meteorite hits the atmosphere this energy is transferred through heating into a thermal
store.
b) space craft are fitted with heat shields to prevent the heating up to much
c) Get your teacher to check your answer to this question!
Practice questions on Cosmology
b) Neptune
c) around 100 million km
(From HSDU Int2 Pupil Materials Pack)
39.
a) Venus
40.
a) Callisto, Ganymede or Europa
b) planets orbiting a star
c) a planet out with our solar system
d) oxygen, liquid water and warmth
b) solar system, 8 minutes
d) a collection of many stars
41.
a) planet, moon
c) the sun, universe
42.
the distance that light travels in a year, it makes the numbers used by astronomers more
manageable
43.
9.46 x 1015
44.
a) Line spectra is matched up with spectra from known elements
b) all colours from red through to violet without any breaks in the pattern
45.
(a)
(b)
(i)
towards right hand side;
(ii)
it is moving away (from the near galaxy)/moving
outwards/away/expanding;
(iii)
implication that the universe is expanding/galaxies all moving away/moving away from each
other;
An explanation to include:
curve (i) shows expanding universe;
curve (ii) predicts big crunch/expansion then contraction/Universe will eventually collapse;
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46.
(b)
(i)An explanation to include:
1. galaxies moving away from each other/moving outwards;
2. all seem to originate from one point;
47.
48.
(ii)
by measuring the red-shift/doppler effect/by measuring the frequency of light;
(iii)
microwave background radiation;
(a)
A description to include three from:
1. speed of galaxies greater, greater distance;
2. galaxies moving outwards;
3. total mass constant;
4. Universe expanding;
(b)
red shift of the galaxies;
microwave background radiation;
light from distant galaxies red shifted
accept longer wavelength for red shifted
further galaxies display greater red shift
the further away galaxies are the faster they are moving away from us (our galaxy)
49.
(a)
(b)
50.
(a)
any two from

Universe started in one place

(huge) explosion

Universe is expanding
any two from

light from (galaxies) shifted towards red end of spectrum

the further away the galaxy, the greater the red shift

this shows that galaxies are moving away from us

this suggests that Universe is expanding
longer wavelength waves or light moved towards red end of spectrum
(galaxy) moving away from the Earth or space is expanding or
the galaxy and Earth are moving apart
(b)
big bang
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51.
(b)
(c)
(i)
light moved towards red end of spectrum / longer wavelength waves
(ii)
any one from:
•
(galaxy) moving away from the Earth
•
space is expanding
do not accept galaxies are
expanding
•
the galaxy and Earth are moving apart
all matter concentrated at a single point
massive explosion sends matter outwards
National 5 Section 1 Exam Style Questions for
Space
61. B (Qn 4 Int 2 Physics 2007)
62. A (Qn 5 Int 2 Physics 2007)
63. D (Qn 16 Int 2 Physics 2007)
64. A (Qn 7 Int 2 Physics 2008)
65. A (Qn 4 Int 2 Physics 2009)
66.
67.
68.
69.
D (Qn 7 Int 2 Physics 2009)
D (Qn 4 Int 2 Physics 2010)
D (Qn 5 Int 2 Physics 2010)
D (Qn 14 Int 2 Physics 2011)
70.
71.
72.
A (Qn 2 Int 2 Physics 2012)
C (Qn 5 Int 2 Physics 2012)
B (Qn 8 Int 2 Physics 2012)
National 5 Section 2 Exam Style Questions for
Space
73. (Qn 15 Credit Physics 2007)
75. (Qn 15 Credit Physics 2009)
a)
i) 3.6
b) i)
Nkg-1
ii)
ii)
a)
b)
74. (Qn 15 Credit Physics 2008)
a)
i) friction
ii) 1.3 x 106 Jkg-1
b)
weight of the object is less due to
reduced gravitational field strength
c) = 9.8 x 10-36 Nkg-1
Last updated by AD 16th May 2013
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c) i)
79. (Qn 15 Credit Physics 2011)
a)
i)
If a exerts a force on B then B
exerts an equal force on A in the opposite
direction
ii)
The rocket engines push the
gasses down, the gasses push
the rocket up with the same force
ii) = 4 002 N
b)
iii)
Twice the pull would be quarter the
distance
r = 0.25 x 106 m
80. (Qn 15 Credit Physics 2012)
d)
The thrusters push gas downwards
whilst the gas pushes the thrusters (and
attached probe) upwards slowing it
down.
a)
b)
i)
Force per unit mass
ii)
8.8 Nkg-1
i)
iii) 75 kg
76. (Qn 14 Credit Physics 2010)
i)
about 6 000 days
ii)
s = 89 684 days
c)
Answers to this question may include
comments about:
The light that we see from stars is very
old and is travelling to us from a time in
the past, perhaps some stars are now
dead or light from younger stars has not
reached us yet.
The universe is expanding and the stars
are getting further away from us so it
might be taking light even longer to
reach us.
77. (Qn 13 Credit Physics 2010)
a) force per unit mass
b) i)
81. (Qn 22 Int 2 Physics 2008)
ii) Venus
c)
i)
ii) 1.2 s
d)
i) Rises up slowing down due to the
hammers weight, it reaches a maximu
height higher than it would on earth and
then falls back to the astronaut with a
vertical acceleration of 1.6 ms-2
82. (Qn 24 Int 2 Physics 2009)
(a) Energy is released as the inter molecular
bonds are formed as the water changes state
ii) 0.007 ms-1
(c)
78. (Qn 14 Credit Physics 2011)
(i) 3.34 x 104 / 125 = 267 s
(ii) Energy is also being removed from
the surrounding so more energy is being
Cadmium and Mercury
Last updated by AD 16th May 2013
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removed than was accounted for in the
calculation.
(d) Energy to melt the ice is drawn from the
surrounding liquid reducing the energy the
drink is storing
(iii)
,
83. (Qn 21 Int 2 Physics 2011)
(iii) This is not possible. To remain above
Moscow the distance travelled in a 24 hour
period is so small in comparison to the
distance travelled at the equator that the
satellite travels so slowly that it falls to the
ground before completing its orbit.
(e)
answer to (a) to (c) increases as time to
fall increases due to reduced
gravitational field strength, answer to (d)
remains the same as height is not
affected by a change in gravitational
field strength
(f)
Factors such as lack of air resistance,
initial velocity of the ball (speed and
angle) and acceleration due to gravity.
84. (Qn 23 Int 2 Physics 2011)
(c)
Both are reduced since the mass is
reduced.
85. (Qn 21 Int 2 Physics 2012)
Last updated by AD 16th May 2013
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