Download Biology Pre-Learning Check

Answer Key__
Name: ___
Posttest: Animal kingdom
42_ /42
Animal Kingdom and Simple Invertebrates
score: _
Vocabulary: Match the definition on the left with the term on the right.
G__ organelle in sea jelly cells that causes the
1. __
stinging
D__ asexual reproduction where a new organism
2. __
grows off of the old one
H__ the back of something (anatomical term)
3. __
E__ having sensory organs gathered in one
4. __
area, usually the head
J__ producing both male and female gametes
5. __
C__ having two sides that are identical
6. __
N__ means “toward the tail” (anatomical term)
7. __
K__ bell shaped, motile body plan for
8. __
I
a cnidarian
9. __ __ getting food by pulling particles from
the surrounding water
A. amoebocyte
B. anterior
C. bilateral symmetry
D. budding
E. cephalization
F. choanocyte
G. cnidocyte
H. dorsal
I. filter feed
J. hermaphrodite
K. medusa
L. motile
M. polyp
N. posterior
O. radial symmetry
P. sessile
Q. ventral
P__ not able to move (referring to an organism)
10. __
M__ bottle shaped, sessile form of cnidarians
11. __
F__ “collar cell” has flagella that move water into a sponge
12. __
Q__ toward the stomach (anatomical term)
13. __
L__ having the ability to move
14. __
O__ circular body plan
15. __
A__ cell in sponges that moves food/waste around inside
16. __
B__ toward the head (anatomical term)
17. __
18. - 21. There are 4 characteristics that place something in the animal kingdom.
What are they?
Eukaryotic
Multicellular
cell membrane only
heterotrophic
22. – 24. Describe what symmetry is. What 3 kinds are there in the animal kingdom
and what are some examples of each?
Body plan…how many ways can you get equal
halves?
Asymmetry: no plan, no ways, e.g. sponges
Radial symmetry, circular plan, many ways,
Cnidarians, Echinoderms
Bilateral symmetry, 2 halves, 1 way, Mollusks,
Arthropods, all 3 worms, all vertebrates
25. – 26. Cnidarians take two different forms in their lifetime. Describe each and
when they take that form, using specific examples.
Medusa: bell-shaped, motile, e.g. sea jellies
Polyp: vase-shaped, sessile, e.g. sea anemone
Place a P by the statements that apply to Porifera
Place a C by the ones that apply to Cnidarians
You can put more than 1 letter by each statement, or leave it blank if it doesn’t apply
to any.
C_____ stinging cells
28. _____
P_____ choanocytes
30. _____
27. ____
29. ____
C____ coral
C____ medusa/polyp
C, P__ budding
32. ____
P, C*__ sessile
34. ___
P, C_ hermaphroditic
36. _____
31. __
33. __
35. __
P_____ amoebocytes
P, C__ regenerate
C____ radially symmetrical
C____ hydra
38. __
C____ sea jellies (jellyfish)
40. ____
37. _____
39. _____
C_____ sea anemone
41. ____
P, C*__ filter feeds
C_____ cnidocyte
P_____ sponges
42. ____
* means some of them, but not all
Worms
Match the term on the right with its meaning on the left.
F__ nerve cells that work together to control
1. __
function; a primitive brain
J__ bristles that helps earthworms move
2. __
H__ food goes out the way it came in, mouth
3. __
37_ /37
score: _
A. aortic arches
B. clitellum
C. complete digestive system
D. crop
leads to a gut
E. eye spot
F. ganglion
segmented worms
G. gizzard
H. incomplete digestive system
together during sexual reproduction
I. nephridia
J. setae
A__ “hearts” that move fluids through
4. __
B__ external structure that holds earthworms
5. __
G__ muscular digestive organ in earthworms
6. __
that grinds up food
C__ food goes in one end and out the other, mouth leads to gut leads to anus
7. __
I
8. __ __ excretory organs, primitive kidneys
D__ storage area for food before entering the digestive system
9. __
E__ light sensitive area on Planaria spp
10. __
Here is a picture of the earthworm. Use the word bank to label it. Even though this
is not asked here, you should also know the function of each structure.
11. _A_
12. _D_
16. __C__
15. _F_
A. aortic arches
D. ganglia
14. _E_
13. _C_
B. clitellum
E. gizzard
C. crop
F. nephridia
17. – 18. What is segmentation and what advantages does provide?
Repeating body parts, e.g. aortic arches in
earthworms.
Allows for better movement, one part of body
can move without the rest
19. – 20. Describe three different body cavities in the worm phyla.
Acoelemate: no body cavity (flatworms)
Pseudocoelemate: false body cavity (not made
from the correct cells) (roundworms)
Coelemate: true body cavity (tube within a
tube), (segmented worms)
Place a F by the statements that apply to Flat worms
Place a R by the ones that apply to Round worms
Place a S by the ones that apply to Segmented worms
You can put more than 1 letter by each statement.
R_____ Tricinellla spp, Ascaris spp
21. ____
S____ leeches
22. _____
S____ setae
24. ____
F____ flukes
26. _F,
23. _____
25. _____
F, R, S_ closed circulatory system
27. _
S_____ earthworm
R, S_ bilateral symmetry
S_____ nephridia
28. ____
F____ Planaria spp
29. _____
F_____ incomplete digestive system
31. ____
F, R, S_ hermaphroditic
33. _
F____ tapeworm
35. _____
S____ cerebral ganglia
34. _____
R____ Hookworms, Pinworms
36. ____
R, S__ complete digestive system
37. __
53_ /53
Complex Invertebrates
O__ unique circulatory system for echinoderms
1. __
D__ used to see, has many lenses, unlike
2. __
score: _
A. abdomen
B. cephalothorax
vertebrate ones
C. complete metamorphosis
D. compound eye
of blood as circulatory fluid
E. exoskeleton
F. external fertilization
of the body
G. hemolymph
H. incomplete metamorphosis
combination of the head and chest
segments fused together
I. molting
J. nymph
K. open circulatory system
G__ mollusks and arthropods use this instead
3. __
F__ eggs and sperm are released outside
4. __
B__ structure on all arthropods that is a
5. __
M__ raspy tongue-like structure unique to
6. __
Mollusks
L. pupa
M. radula
K__ fluid doesn’t stay in arteries/veins; it is
7. __
collected, pumped the heart, but
bathes the tissues
N. tube foot
O. water-vascular system
N___ special way echinoderms move around
8. __
L__ in complete metamorphosis, the larva enters this stage before becoming
9. ___
an adult.
I
11. __C___ as an insect develops, it undergoes changes from 1 form to another,
10. __ ___ shedding of exoskeleton so the arthropod can grow
e.g. butterflies
J___ juvenile form of insect who goes through incomplete metamorphosis;
12. __
appears much like a smaller adult
E___ body support on the outside of the body
13. __
A___ along with cephalothorax, other main body part of arthropods
14. __
H___ development of some arthropods where egg hatches into a smaller form
15. __
of the adult, e.g. grasshopper
16. – 17. One of the unique characteristics of Phylum Echinodermata is the water
vascular system. Explain what that is and how it is used for movement.
Uses water to move around by changing
pressure in the tube feet
18. One of the characteristics of Phylum Mollusca and Phylum Arthropoda is an open
circulatory system. Explain what that is.
Blood does not stay in arteries/veins the whole
time. It is pumped out of the heart and then
just “bathes” the tissues inside of the
animal, is recollected and goes back to the
heart.
Identify the following structures. Even though this is not asked here, you should
also know the function of each structure.
19. __B__
21. __D__ 22. __C__
20. __A__
24. __F__
A. abdomen
D. stomach
B. cephalothorax
E. swimmerets
23. __E__
C. heart
F. walking legs
Place an M by the statements that apply to Mollusca
Place an E by the ones that apply to Echinodermata
Place an A by the ones that apply to Arthropoda
You can put more than 1 letter by each statement.
E_____ sea stars (starfish)
25. ____
A_____ pupa, chrysalis
26. ____
M, A__ open circulatory system
28. _____
M, A_ exoskeleton
30. ____
A_____ cephalization
32. ____
A____ fused body segments
27. _
29. _
A____ lobsters, crabs
E_____ sand dollars, sea urchins
34. ____
M_____ snails, slugs
36. _____
E_____ tube feet
38. ____
E_____ water circulatory system
40. ____
33. ____
35. ____
37. ____
39. ____
E____ pentaradial symmetry
41. _____
A_____ jointed appendages
A____ molt
A_____ compound eyes
E_____ radial symmetry
42. ____
M_____ radula
M_____ clams, oysters, scallops
44. _
A_____ spiders, flies, centipedes
46. ____
43. ____
45. ____
A____ nymph
47. _____
M, A_ bilateral symmetry
E_____ regenerate
M_____ squid, octopus
48. ____
49. – 53. One unique characteristic of Phylum Arthropoda is their complete or
incomplete metamorphosis. Explain different steps in each and give examples
of organisms that go through each.
Complete metamorphosis is a complete change
from egg to larva to pupa to adult. Each
stage looks different. Butterflies are an
example.
Incomplete metamorphosis does not change
that much. The egg hatches into a nymph
that looks like the adult. It may molt many
times before becoming an adult.
Chordate (Vertebrate) Classes
Match the term on the right with the definition on the left.
R__ a primitive kind of ear, just a simple
1. __
membrane on the outside
N__ an organism that lays eggs
2. __
A__ accessory organ to respiration in birds, air is
3. __
69_ /69
score: _
A. air sacs
B. amniotic egg
C. cartilage
D. ectotherm
held here before entering the lungs
E. endoskeleton
F. endotherm
womb and are fed through a specialized
organ attached to the mother
G. internal fertilization
H. lateral line
I. mammary gland
P__ has babies that develop completely in the
4. __
M__ strong, flexible rod of cells for support,
5. __
many animals have one during
development, but lose it before birth.
J. marsupial
K. monotreme
L. nictitating membrane
I
6. __ __ an organ that produces milk in mammals to
feed offspring
M. notochord
N. oviparous
7. __
combination) inside of the body
O. ovoviviparous
P. placental mammal
protection
Q. thermoregulation
R. tympanic membrane
F__ skeleton (made of bone, cartilage or a
L__ layer of tissue over the eye as extra
8. __
S__ has live young, as opposed to laying
9. __
S. viviparous
eggs
H__ specialized tissue that detects vibrations in water
10. __
F__ ability to control body temperature, heat comes from inside body
11. __
J__ has young live, but underdeveloped, they stay in a pouch and develop
12. __
G__ sperm and egg fertilize inside of the body
13. __
C__ soft tissue that makes up some skeletons
14. __
D__ can’t regulate body temperature, heat comes from environment
15. __
O__ eggs hatch inside of the body, and then young are born alive
16. __
B__ egg with a hard shell, fluid filled sac inside
17. __
K__ mammal that lays eggs
18. __
Q__ control of body temperature, in general
19. __
Characteristics. Below is a list of characteristics. Place the correct letters by the
description it matches. Characteristics may have match one class, more than
one class or no classes.
JF jawless fish
A amphibians
M mammals
CF cartilaginous fish
R reptiles
BF bony fish
B birds
B_______ air sacs
21. __
M______ marsupial
23. _____
20. _____
22. _____
R, B__ amniotic egg
A_______ nictitating membrane
B______ e.g. parrots, robins
24. ______
B, M__ endotherm
26. __
B_______ Class Aves
28. _____
CF_____ cartilaginous skeleton
25. ____
JF, CF, BF_ lateral line
27. _
M_______ monotreme
30. _____
32. _JF,
M______ mammary gland
29. _____
CF, BF, A , R_ ectotherm
BF____ Class Osteichthyes
31. ___
33. _JF, CF, BF, A, R, B_ oviparous
R_______ snakes, turtles
35. __
A_______ frogs, toads, salamanders
37. _____
JF_______ sea lamprey
39. ____
34. _____
36. _____
38. _____
CF___ Class Chondricthyes
M_______ viviparous
JF____ sharks, manta ray
JF______ Class Agnatha
40. ______
M____ humans, deer, squirrels
42. ____
A_______ 3 chambered heart
44. _____
BF_ perch, bass, swordfish
43. _
45. _JF, CF, BF, A, R, B_ lays eggs
M______ has live young
47. ______
JF, CF, BF_ gills
48. _
A______ breathes through skin
51. _
A, M______ live on land & water
53. ______
50. ______
52. ______
JF, CF, BF, A_ soft egg
54. _
B, M_ 4 chambered heart
R______ leathery egg
55. – 58. One characteristic of Chordates in particular is what is commonly called
being “cold blooded” and “warm blooded”. What are the scientific names for
this, what does it mean and what are Chordates that show that?
Ectotherm: heat from outside body, from the
environment. e.g. all inverts plus 3 fishes,
amphibians and reptiles
Endotherm: heat from inside the body; from
metabolism/cell respiration. e.g. birds and
mammals
59. All Chordates have closed circulatory system, but different in the number of
chambers in their hearts. Fishes (all 3 classes) have 2 chambered hearts,
Amphibians have 3 chambered hearts and reptiles, birds and mammals have 4
chambers in their heart. What is the disadvantage to having 3 chambers?
3 chambers in amphibians allow the oxygenated
and deoxygenated blood to mix. This is
much less efficient at getting oxygen to
cells and CO2 from cells and results in lower
activity levels.
4 chambers in birds and mammals (and 2 in
fishes) allow keep the blood from mixing. In
essence, mammals have 2 circulatory
systems…from the heart to lungs and back
and from the heart to body and back.
There are three different ways of having young in the Phylum Chordata. Explain each
one and identify which classes exhibit (show) this.
lays eggs…all 3 fishes, amphibians
reptiles and birds. One group of mammals
(the monotremes) are an exception
60. Oviparous:
Give live birth, mammals show this (as
do some reptiles that are exceptions)
61. Viviparous:
Lay eggs, but keep them in the body
and perform some functions for them (e.g. gas
exchange). Cartilaginous fish (sharks and rays)
do this.
62: Ovoviviparous:
Identify the following organs on the frog below. Even though this is not asked here,
you should also know the function of each structure.
A. heart
D. small intestine
G. gall bladder
B. liver
E. lung
H. pancreas
C. large intestine
F. stomach
69. __E__
68. __A__
63. __F__
67. __B__
64. __H__
65. __D__
66. _C__