Download Structure and Function of the Kidneys and Nephrons Note

Structure and Function of the Kidneys and Nephrons
1. Describe 4 functions of the urinary system.
2. The urinary system consists of two _________________ that filter the blood,
two__________________ that carry urine from the kidneys to the
___________________________, and a ____________________________ to convey
urine to the outside of the body.
3. Where are the kidneys located? How does this explain where people feel kidney pain?
4. Kidney Structure:
a. Lateral surface is ______________; medial side is ______________________.
b. Medial depression leads to hollow chamber called the ____________________.
c. The entrance to the renal sinus is called the ___________, and it is also the
passage for ___________________, ___________, ________________________,
and the ______________.
d. Superior end of the ureter forms the ________________ (funnel-shaped sac
inside the renal sinus)
e. Renal pelvis subdivides into __________________ (tubes, which divide into
________________________.
f. _____________________________ project into the renal sinus.
g. Two distinct regions in the kidneys:
i. __________________(inner)
1. Composed of conical masses (___________________) that appear
striated
ii. __________________ (outer)
1. Forms a shell around medulla
2. Projects into medulla between renal pyramids, forming
________________________.
5. Describe 4 functions of the kidneys.
6. The functional units of the kidneys are called ____________________.
a. Each kidney contains about __________________ nephrons.
b. Each nephron consists of a _________________________________ and a
____________________________.
7. Describe the 2 portions of the renal corpuscle and their functions:
a. __________________________ b. __________________________________ 8. Renal tubule:
a. Function?
b. What are the 3 portions of the proximal convoluted tubule?
9. Distal convoluted tubules from several nephrons will merge in the ________________
to form a _____________________________.
10. In the _______________________, several collecting ducts will merge before emptying
into a ___________________ through an opening in a __________________________.
11. Label the urinary organs and structures of the kidneys and nephrons on the attached
diagrams