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Structure and Function of the Kidneys and Nephrons 1. Describe 4 functions of the urinary system. 2. The urinary system consists of two _________________ that filter the blood, two__________________ that carry urine from the kidneys to the ___________________________, and a ____________________________ to convey urine to the outside of the body. 3. Where are the kidneys located? How does this explain where people feel kidney pain? 4. Kidney Structure: a. Lateral surface is ______________; medial side is ______________________. b. Medial depression leads to hollow chamber called the ____________________. c. The entrance to the renal sinus is called the ___________, and it is also the passage for ___________________, ___________, ________________________, and the ______________. d. Superior end of the ureter forms the ________________ (funnel-shaped sac inside the renal sinus) e. Renal pelvis subdivides into __________________ (tubes, which divide into ________________________. f. _____________________________ project into the renal sinus. g. Two distinct regions in the kidneys: i. __________________(inner) 1. Composed of conical masses (___________________) that appear striated ii. __________________ (outer) 1. Forms a shell around medulla 2. Projects into medulla between renal pyramids, forming ________________________. 5. Describe 4 functions of the kidneys. 6. The functional units of the kidneys are called ____________________. a. Each kidney contains about __________________ nephrons. b. Each nephron consists of a _________________________________ and a ____________________________. 7. Describe the 2 portions of the renal corpuscle and their functions: a. __________________________ b. __________________________________ 8. Renal tubule: a. Function? b. What are the 3 portions of the proximal convoluted tubule? 9. Distal convoluted tubules from several nephrons will merge in the ________________ to form a _____________________________. 10. In the _______________________, several collecting ducts will merge before emptying into a ___________________ through an opening in a __________________________. 11. Label the urinary organs and structures of the kidneys and nephrons on the attached diagrams