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Objective – I can identify a disease caused by protozoans and write a report about the disease. Protist Disease Report Using the information that follows, select a disease. After you have selected your disease, your assignments is to write a report about the disease. Include a short paragraph for each of the following topics… the name of the disease how a person gets it it’s symptoms how is it treated is it deadly, etc. The report should be at least three paragraphs long. Toxoplasmosis (tax-o-plaz-mo-sis) What is Toxoplasmosis? Toxoplasmosis is a disease caused by protozoans. How do I get Toxoplasmosis? People can catch toxoplasmosis from… o touching or coming into contact with infected cat feces (cats get the infection from eating infected rodents, birds, or other small animals) o eating raw or undercooked meat that's infected; or eating uncooked, unwashed fruits or vegetables that have been contaminated by manure. What are the symptoms of Toxoplasmosis? Most people won't know that they have contracted toxoplasmosis. Those who develop symptoms… o symptoms similar to those of the flu or mononucleosis o body aches o swollen lymph nodes o headache o fever o fatigue ~1~ Objective – I can identify a disease caused by protozoans and write a report about the disease. o occasionally, a sore throat Treatment Most people will not need treatment. If treatment is required, antimalarial drugs are prescribed. Giardiasis (GEE-are-DYE-uh-sis) What is giardiasis? It is a diarrheal illness caused by a protozoan (Giardia lamblia), that lives in the intestine of people and animals. How do I get giardiasis? It is passed in the fecal matter of an infected person or animal. You can become infected after accidentally swallowing the parasite. Giardia may be found in soil, food, water, or surfaces that have been contaminated with the feces from infected humans or animals. Giardia is not spread by contact with blood. Giardia can be spread by… putting something in your mouth or accidentally swallowing something that has come in contact with the fecal matter of a person or animal infected with Giardia swallowing recreational water contaminated with Giardia Recreational water is… o water in swimming pools o hot tubs o Jacuzzis o fountains o lakes o rivers o springs o ponds o streams eating uncooked food contaminated with Giardia ~2~ Objective – I can identify a disease caused by protozoans and write a report about the disease. What are the symptoms of giardiasis? Symptoms include… Diarrhea loose or watery fecal matter stomach cramps upset stomach. These symptoms may lead to… o weight loss o dehydration Some people have no symptoms. Symptoms generally begin 1-2 weeks after being infected. Symptoms may last 2-6 weeks o Occasionally, symptoms last longer Treatment Use of special antibiotics. Malaria What is malaria? Malaria is a debilitating, infectious disease caused by a protozoan (Plasmodium) and transmitted by a mosquito How do I get malaria? Humans get malaria from the bite of a malaria-infected mosquito. o When a mosquito bites an infected person, it ingests microscopic malaria parasites found in the person’s blood. What are the symptoms of malaria? Symptoms of malaria include… o fever and flu-like illness o shaking chills o headache ~3~ Objective – I can identify a disease caused by protozoans and write a report about the disease. o muscle aches o tiredness Nausea Vomiting Diarrhea may also occur Malaria may cause… anemia jaundice (yellow coloring of the skin and eyes) because of the loss of red blood cells If not promptly treated, may cause… kidney failure seizures mental confusion coma death Treatment It is essential to get antimalarial drugs as soon as possible. Cryptosporidiosis (krip-toe-spo-rid-ee-oh-sis) What is cryptosporidiosis? It is a diarrheal disease caused by a protozoan (Apicomplexa). It can live in the intestine of humans and animals and is passed in the fecal matter of an infected person or animal. How do I get cryptosporidiosis? The parasite is passed in the fecal matter of an infected person or animal You can become infected after accidentally swallowing the parasite. Giardia may be found in… o Soil o Food o Water ~4~ Objective – I can identify a disease caused by protozoans and write a report about the disease. o surfaces that have been contaminated o the feces from infected humans or animals Giardia is not spread by contact with blood Giardia can be spread… by putting something in your mouth or accidentally swallowing something that has come in contact with the fecal matter of a person or animal infected with Giardia swallowing recreational water contaminated with Giardia o water in swimming pools o hot tubs o Jacuzzis o fountains o lakes o rivers o springs o ponds o streams eating uncooked food contaminated with Giardia What are the symptoms of cryptosporidiosis? Symptoms include… o Diarrhea o loose or watery fecal matter o stomach cramps o upset stomach o slight fever Some people have no symptoms Symptoms generally begin 2-10 days after being infected. Symptoms usually last about 2 weeks Symptoms may go in cycles in which you may seem to get better for a few days, then feel worse, before the illness ends. Treatment Antibiotics can be prescribed for treating diarrhea. Drinking plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration is recommended. ~5~ Objective – I can identify a disease caused by protozoans and write a report about the disease. Amebiasis (am-e-BI-a-sis) What is amebiasis? Amebiasis is a disease caused by protozoa (Entamoeba histolytica). How do I get amebiasis? You can get amebiasis by… putting anything into your mouth that has touched the fecal matter of a person who is infected the protozoan swallowing something, such as water or food, that is contaminated with the protozoan touching and bringing to your mouth cysts (eggs) picked up from surfaces that are contaminated with the protozoan. What are the symptoms of amebiasis? On average, about one in 10 people who are infected with E. histolytica becomes sick from the infection The symptoms often are quite mild and can include.. o loose fecal matter o stomach pain o and stomach cramping Amebic dysentery is a severe form of amebiasis associated with… o stomach pain o bloody fecal matter o fever Rarely, E. histolytica invades the liver and forms an abscess. Even less commonly, it spreads to other parts of the body, such as the lungs or brain. Treatment Antibiotics are prescribed. ~6~ Objective – I can identify a disease caused by protozoans and write a report about the disease. Cyclospora (SIGH-clo-SPORE-uh) What is cyclospora? A disease caused by protozoan (Cyclospora cayetanensis). How do I get cyclospora? Cyclospora is spread by people ingesting something, for example… o water or food that was contaminated with infected fecal matter For example, outbreaks of cyclosporiasis have been linked to various types of fresh produce Cyclospora needs time (days or weeks) after being passed in a bowel movement to become infectious It is unlikely that Cyclospora is passed directly from one person to another. What are the symptoms of cyclospora? Cyclospora infects the small intestine (bowel) and usually causes watery diarrhea, with frequent, sometimes explosive, bowel movements Other symptoms can… o include loss of appetite o substantial loss of weight o bloating o increased gas o stomach cramps o nausea o vomiting o muscle aches o low-grade fever o fatigue Some people who are infected with Cyclospora do not have any symptoms The time between becoming infected and becoming sick is usually about 1 week If not treated, the illness may last from a few days to a month or longer Symptoms may seem to go away and then return one or more times (relapse) ~7~ Objective – I can identify a disease caused by protozoans and write a report about the disease. Treatment Antibiotics, rest, and drinking plenty of fluids when diarrhea is present. ~8~