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Revolutionary War Study Guide
1. Who wrote the Declaration of Independence? Thomas Jefferson
When was it written? 1776
Why was it necessary? It told King George III that the colonists wanted to separate from Britain and it
explained why they wanted to form their own nation.
2. The Patriots were colonists who were fighting for freedom.
3. The Loyalists were colonists who wanted to stay loyal to King George III
4. Define Revolution: a sudden, complete change of government
5. What are the strengths and weaknesses of the continental army? Strengths: George Washington was a
good leader; they fought on their own ground Weaknesses: no training, outnumbered, no uniforms, many
soldiers didn’t have guns, didn’t have enough supplies
6. Determine the significance of the following:
Battle
Importance
How each side used physical
geography?
Who won?
Battle of
Lexington
and
Concord
Battle of
Bunker
Hill
Began the Revolutionary War
Patriots used 20 miles of open
British soldiers were sent to
road to attack Redcoats
capture rebel leaders and weapons
Redcoats
Used hills and “earth walls” to
protect themselves.
Redcoats
Battle of
Trenton
Was fought at Breed’s Hill
British attacked three times
The Patriots ran out of
ammunition on the 3rd attack
British lost a lot of soldiers
Surprise attack on the Hessians.
They snuck up on them in the
middle of the night. This win lifted
the spirits of the Patriot soldiers.
Turning point of the war!
Benedict Arnold helped lead the
Patriots to a victory. The French
became our ally after we won.
Patriots camped here for the
winter. They used this time to
train and regain strength.
Lafayette also helped by bringing
supplies
One of the most important battles
fought in Georgia
Crossed the icy cold Delaware
River
Patriots
British used river to transport
supplies and snuck around a forest
to take Americans by surprise.
Patriots
Cold harsh winter
Washington chose Valley Forge
because he could watch the British
soldiers in Philadelphia
N/A
British camped at Kettle Creek.
C.A. surrounded them.
Patriots
Last major battle of the war.
Cornwallis was surrounded on
both land and sea. He was
trapped and he ended up
surrendering.
Americans/French used the
Chesapeake Bay to set up naval
blockades, so the British were
trapped on the peninsula.
Patriots
Battle of
Saratoga
Valley
Forge
Battle of
Kettle
Creek
Battle of
Yorktown
------------------Patriots
7. Determine the significance of the following people:
King
George III
British king during the American Revolutionary War
George
Leader of the Continental Army (Commander-in-Chief)
Washington
Benjamin
Franklin
Wrote papers and the first political cartoon to encourage people to be Patriots.
He helped convince France to help America.
Thomas
Jefferson
Main author of the Declaration of Independence
Benedict
Arnold
A commander in the Continental Army who led troops to victory at Saratoga. He
betrayed America by trying to give the British Army secret information.
Patrick
Henry
A great public speaker who is remembered for saying “Give me liberty or give me
death!”
John
Adams
He suggested at the 2nd Continental Congress that George Washington be chosen
to lead the Continental Army.
Marquis de
Lafayette
Paul
Revere
Frenchman who joined the Continental Army. He convinced France to send
supplies for the American soldiers at Valley Forge.
He rode to Lexington to warn them that the British were coming.
Minutemen American soldiers who were ready to fight at a moment’s notice.
Thomas
Paine
Lord
Cornwallis
Samuel
Adams
He wrote about American independence in his pamphlet Common Sense.
A British general who was forced to surrender at Yorktown which ended the war.
Founder of the Sons of Liberty. He demanded independence from Britain.
8. Explain why Cornwallis was forced to surrender at Yorktown.
The French and American armies set up
blockades and surrounded Gen. Cornwallis and his troops. Cornwallis could not get the supplies he needed to
continue the war, so he had to surrender. This ended the war.
9. Political Cartoon: Discuss what Benjamin Franklin meant in this Political Cartoon:
Benjamin Franklin was trying to unite the colonies. If the colonies worked together, they could join and win
the Revolutionary War. If they did not work together, they would be cut up like a snake and not get their
freedom.
10. Identify the places on the map: Boston, Philadelphia, New York City.
_Philadelphia___________________
___New York City_______________
___Boston______________________