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Name: _______________________________________ Date: ____________ Period: ___________________ The Battle of Antietam: The Bloodiest Day of the War The South Strikes Hard as Lee invades Maryland. Objectives – – – – Maryland was a slave state that stayed in the Union and supported Lincoln’s presidency. Robert E. Lee commander of the Confederate army wanted to cut off the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad to limit resources in the north and make transportation difficult. He threatens to take Washington D.C. The Confederate Troops fight hard and force McClellan to return to Union territory. The Battle • • • • The Outcome The Union outnumbers the Confederates by almost double Antietam will be the first major battle to take place on Northern soil. The Confederate Army was almost defeated. This was a huge loss to the Confederate Army. Bloodiest single day in American history – – – – High casualties for both sides ended the fighting. Lee and his men retreat back across the Potomac into Virginia. McClellan failed to chase them when he a chance to defeat the confederate army. This TOO cautious move will lead President Lincoln to replace him. President Lincoln felt confident enough to issue the Emancipation Proclamation. Emancipation Proclamation • Lincoln wanted a _____________ victory before issuing the Emancipation Proclamation but ___________ was such a loss to the Confederate Army Lincoln felt confident enough to issue the Emancipation Proclamation. • On September 22, 1862, Lincoln issued the proclamation, freeing slaves in States that had ______________ from the Union ONLY. • This document stated that on January 1, 1863 all the persons held as slaves in any state or part of state waging war with the USA would be forever free. Q. Why did the Proclamation only free slaves in the Confederate States? _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ _____________________ – Lincoln couldn’t anger these valuable border states so he allowed slavery to continue in those states but made it illegal in succeed southern states. Why did Lincoln issue the Emancipation Proclamation? • ___________ were growing ____________ and supplying the Confederacy with _________, ________________ and __________________. • Lincoln thought that if he _________all slaves they would stop working the plantations and the Confederacy would run out of ___________. • Also, Lincoln thought that if he freed all slaves they would _____________ for the ______________ and help ________________ the Confederate Army. An ___________________ is given to ________________ Southern States… • The Confederacy had a choice either __________________ and slavery ____________ be allowed to continue OR continue to fight and the institution of slavery would ultimately come to an _______________. Confederate leaders chose to ____________ and not _________________. Results • Escaped slaves hiding in the • north were declared _________ ________. • Some of Georgia’s islands were freed. • The Union’s war strategy • changed and now included ___________ slavery ___________, instead of just ____________ the Union and ______________ slavery. • __________ and _____________, both supporters of abolition, _____________ to ____________ or __________ the Confederate States of America. Lincoln’s place as the Republican Candidate for the election of 1864 was _______________. News of the Proclamation spread to the South, but most slaves had nowhere to go so most stayed and worked on plantations for ___________ and ___________. • • • The Emancipation Proclamation ultimately affected __________ slaves and will end _______ years of slavery. It _________________ the character of the war. It gave the Union a ___________ cause to fight for and it strengthened the Union both ___________ and _______________. Name: ________________________________ Date: ________________ Period: ___________________ Directions: Imagine that you are a newspaper journalist during the dawn of the Civil War. You just watched President Abraham Lincoln announce his Proclamation to the world giving the succeeded states a choice to surrender or keep fighting. Describe the Emancipation Proclamation, the moral and feelings of America on both sides, and ultimately its devastating results. Add a prediction of what you think will happen now that southern states have refused to stop fighting. You must use at least 15 of the words in the word bank. Remember, newspaper readers want to know WHO, WHAT, WHEN, WHERE, and WHY? Containment Military Preservation Slaves Antietam Tragedy Union Blockade Loss Ultimatum Robert E. Lee Stubborn Word Bank Outnumber Insulting Rebellion George McClelland Illegal Blockade Runners Insanity Politics Victory Strong Transformation Free Surrender