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Review Quiz 7
Chapter 21
13, 15, 17, 29, 31, 33, 39
Transition metal ions lose the s-orbital electrons before they lose the d
orbital electrons.
This happens because the energy of the (n-1)d orbital is significantly less
than the ns electrons.
Coordination compound:
A complex ion and counterion with no net charge.
Complex ion:
Charged species consisting of metal surrounded by ligands.
Counterion:
Anion/Cation that balance the charge on the complex ion in a coordination
compound.
Coordination #:
Number of bonds formed between the metal ion and ligands (usually 4, 6, 2).
Ligand:
Species that donates a pair of electrons to form a covalent bond to a metal
ion.
Coordination #
2
4
4
6
linear geometry
tetrahedral
square planar
octahedral
180˚
110˚
90˚
90˚
**Naming Coordination compounds/complexes
REVIEW RULES FOR NAMING COMPOUNDS- Pg. 958
Isomers:
Species with same formula but different properties; they are different
compounds.
I.
Structural isomers- isomers that have one or more ionic bonds that
are different.
Ia. Coordination isomers- structure of isomers that differ
in the atoms that make up the complete ion.
Ib. Linkage isomers- structure of isomer that differ in
how one or more ligands are attached to the transition
metal.
II.
Stereoisomers- isomers with the same bonds but different in
how the atoms are arranged in space.
IIa. Geometrical isomers- (cis/trans)
Differ in positions of atoms with respect to a rigid ring or
bond.
IIb. Optical isomers- nonsuperimposable mirror images
of each other. In other words, they are different in the
same way our left hand is different from our right hand.
(NOT ON QUIZ 7)
CHAPTER 19/20
Oxygen and Silicon are the two most abundant elements in the earths crust,
ocean and atmosphere.
1. Oxygen
2. Silicon
The four most abundant elements in the human body are
1. oxygen
2. carbon
3. hydrogen
4. nitrogen
Group 1A is called alkali metals (ns1)
Hydrogen is a nonmetal but the rest of the group are metals.
Group 2A is called alkaline earth metals (ns2)
Group 7A are the halogens.
Group 8A are the noble gases.
Transitions metals are in the center of the table.