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10.8.3 - Identify and locate the Allied and Axis powers on a map and discuss the major turning points of the war,
the principal theaters of conflict, key strategic decisions, and the resulting war conferences and political resolutions, with
emphasis on the importance of geographic factors. 10.8.4 - Describe the political, diplomatic, and military leaders during
the war (e.g., Winston Churchill, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Emperor Hirohito, Adolf Hitler, Benito Mussolini, Joseph
Stalin, Douglas MacArthur, Dwight Eisenhower). 10.8.5 - Analyze the Nazi policy of pursuing racial purity, especially
against the European Jews; its transformation into the Final Solution; and the Holocaust that resulted in the murder of six
million Jewish civilians. 10.8.6 - Discuss the human costs of the war, with particular attention to the civilian and military
losses in Russia, Germany, Britain, the United States, China, and Japan.
World History Unit 7 Benchmark Guide
Name __________________________________________ Period # _______ Date ___________
Page 491: What was the secret part of the nonaggression pact between Germany and the Soviet
Union? __________________________________________________________________________.
Page 491: Great Britain and France declared war on Germany immediately following Germany’s
invasion of ________________.
Page 491: The German blitzkrieg was a military strategy that depended on what advantage?
_________________________________________________________________________________.
Page 492-93: List all of the events that occurred during the fall of France to the Nazis? __________
_________________________________________________________________________________.
Page 493: “History Makers” What was the Britian’s most powerful weapon as they stood alone
against Hitler’s Germany in June of 1940? ______________________________________________.
Page 493-94: What crucial lesson was learned in the Battle of Britain? _________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________.
Page 494-95: What caused a shift in Hitler’s military strategy in Europe? _____________________
_________________________________________________________________________________.
Page 494: Why did Mussolini believe that attacking Egypt was important? ____________________
_________________________________________________________________________________.
_________________________________________________________________________________.
Page 495: How did Erwin Rommel get the nickname “the Desert Fox”? _______________________
_________________________________________________________________________________.
Page 495: What was name given to Hitler’s plan to invade the Soviet Union? __________________
________________________________.
If you find yourself wondering why Hitler would decide to invade his former ally Stalin and the Soviet
Union, the web site below can answer that question:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Barbarossa
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Pg 495-96: What historical precedent/lesson did Hitler ignore in his attempt to invade Moscow?
(Pg 235–36) _____________________________________________________________________.
Page 496: What was the significance of the Atlantic Charter both during and after the war? ________
__________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________.
Page 497: Chapter 16 Section 2 Title: Japan’s _____________________ Campaign
Page 497: How did the Japanese try to build a Pacific empire? ______________________________
________________________________________________________________________________.
Page 497: What event occurred on the day described as "a date which will live in infamy"? ______
__________________________________________.
Page 497: How did the U.S. under Roosevelt respond to Japanese aggression in Southeast Asia in
mid-1941? ____________________________________________________________.
Page 498: How did the Japanese treat the people of their new colonies in East Asia after they
conquered them? ___________________________________________________.
Page 498: Who received the worse treatment from the Japanese? ____________________________
_______________________________________.
Page 498: What was the Bataan Death March and how many soldiers died? ___________________
________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________.
Page 499: Study the map to answer the following questions: What do the dark purple areas on the
map represent? _______________________________________. From Pearl Harbor what Pacific
islands did the allies advance to in 1944? _____________________________________________.
What two islands where battles took place were the closest to the Japanese mainland? ___________
___________________________________________.
Page 500: What was the impact of Doolittle’s bombing of several Japanese cities? ______________
________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________.
Page 500: What new type of warfare was introduced in the Battle of the Coral Sea? _______________
_______________________.
Page 500: What was significant about the Battle of Midway? _______________________________
__________________________________________________________________.
Page 501: What did the Allies' strategy of "island hopping" in the Pacific involve? _______________
_________________________________________________________________________________.
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Page 501: Summarize what happened in the Battle of Guadalcanal? __________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________.
Page 502: Chapter 16 Section 3 Title: ________________________________________
Why it Matters Now: The violence against Jews during the Holocaust led to the founding of
_______________ after World War II.
Page 502: Define the term Holocaust: __________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________.
Page 502-03: How did Kristallnacht demonstrate Nazi persecution of Jews? ____________________
________________________________________________________________________________.
Page 503: What was Hitler’s first plan to rid Germany of Jews? ______________________________
____________________________________________________________________________.
Page 503-04: What was the goal of Hitler's "Final Solution"? ________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________.
Page 504-05: Explain the process Hitler used to kill Jews in the extermination camps? __________
________________________________________________________________________________.
________________________________________________________________________________.
Page 505: Interpreting Charts: What country suffered the greatest loss of Jews as a result of the
Holocaust? _________________. Which country/countries had the fewest percentage of Jews to
survive the Holocaust? __________________.
Page 506: Chapter 16 Section 4 Title: The ___________________ Victory
Page 506: Who won the Battle of El Alamein? ________________________. Who was the
victorious commanding officer? _______________________________________________________.
Page 507: Explain the weather conditions in Russia during the Battle of Stalingrad? ______________
_________________________. Explain the outcome of the battle and why it resulted the way it did?
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________.
Page 507-09: Explain the actions taking place at home on the allied home front: _______________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________.
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Page 508: Study the map to answer the following questions: What do the red arrows on the map
represent? _______________________________________. Approximately what percentage of
Europe was under Axis control by 1942? __________________________. In what year did the battle
of Kursk take place? _____________. In what year did the Battle of the Bulge take place? ________.
From what northern most city did Russia attack Germany? _________________________________.
Name a battle that took place in the country of Egypt? ____________________________________.
Page 509: Why were thousands of U.S. citizens put in internment camps during the war? _________
________________________________________________________________________________.
Page 509: Using only 3 complete sentences, summarize the D-Day Invasion: _________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________.
Page 510-511: What was Hitler’s emotional state when deciding the battle plans that led to the attack
that came to be known as The Battle of the Bulge? ________________________________________.
What happened after the Battle of the Bulge? _____________________________________________
_______________________.
Page 511: What does VE Day mean? __________________________________________________.
Page 511: What gamble did the Japanese take in the Battle of Leyte Gulf? ______________________
____________________________________.
Page 511: How many Americans died in the land battle at Okinawa? ___________________.
Page 513: What two reasons led President Truman to agree to use the atomic bomb? 1) __________
_________________________________________________________________________________.
2) _______________________________________________________________________________.
Page 513: Where were atomic bombs dropped? __________________________________________.
Page 514: Chapter 16 Section 5 Title: __________________ and _____________ in Ruins
Page 514: How many Europeans died during World War II? _______________________________.
What percentage of those deaths were to civilians? ___________.
Page 514: What did most displaced persons do following the war? ____________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________.
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Study the chart to answer the questions below #1-4:
1. Which country paid the highest financial cost in World War II? ________________________
____________________.
2. Which country had the most civilians killed during World War II? ____________________.
3. Which of the following countries had the lowest direct war costs? ___________________.
4. Which of the countries listed in the chart had the second lowest number of killed or missing
military personnel? ________________________________________.
Page 516: What were Nazi leaders charged with during the Nuremberg Trials? ________________
___________________________________________. Who was the only convicted Nazi to express
remorse? ___________________________________.
Page 516: Who took charge of the U.S. occupation in Japan? _______________________________
______________________________. List three things that he did in postwar Japan to try and ensure
peace? 1) _________________________________________________________, 2) _____________
_______________________________________, 3) _______________________________________
________________________________.
Page 517: Explain the ways in which the emperor of Japan was affected by the U.S. occupation of his
country following the Allied victory in World War II: ______________________________________
_______________________________________________________.
Page 517: Under the postwar constitution of Japan, who was the head of government and how was he
selected? _________________________________________________________________________.
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