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Name __________________________ Date _____________ Class ___________ Fronts and Storms (read pp. 596-613) Air Masses An __________ _____________(596) is a large body of air that has properties similar to the part of the Earth’s surface over which it develops. _____________(597) major types of air masses influence the weather in North America. _________________ _______________(597) are warm, humid air masses that forms over the tropical Pacific and Atlantic. _____________________ _____________(598) are cool, humid air masses that form over the cold North Pacific and Atlantic. _______________________ _________________(598) are hot, dry air masses that form mostly in the summer over dry areas of the Southwest and northern Mexico. _________________ ______________(598) air masses from over northern Canada and bring bitterly cold weather with very low humidity. In the continental United States, prevailing westerlies, generally push air masses from (599)____________ to _____________. ________ ___________(599) cause air masses to move north or south as they move from west to east. Fronts A ______________(599) is a boundary between two air masses of different density, moisture, or temperature. A ___________(600) front occurs when a cold air mass advances and pushes under a warm air mass forcing the warm air mass to rise. If it is pushed up fast enough, a narrow band of violent ___________(604) can result. ___________(601) front occurs when warm air advances into a cold air mass it is forced up over the cold air mass. If the air is ____________(601), light rain and snow falls. _______________(601) front occurs when a warm air mass is caught between two cooler air masses. ______________________(601) usually drops with chance of rain or snow. A stationary front occurs when two fronts meet but neither ________________(601). If a stationary front remains over an area, it can bring many ______________(601) of clouds and rain. _______________(602) are found at the center of a low pressure and are associated with clouds, wind, and precipitation. _____________________(602) are found at the center of a high pressure and generally cause dry, clear weather. Severe Weather __________________________(605) form in large cumulonimbus clouds, also known as thunderheads. Thunderstorms cause lightning and _____________(606) damage. Avoid places where __________________(605) may strike or objects that conduct electricity. ____________________(605) happens when the negative charges (electrons) in the bottom of the cloud are attracted to the positive charges (protons) in the ground. Thunder is caused by lightning heating the air to over _______________(605)°C, hotter than the sun. The rapidly heated air expands causing an ___________________(605). ____________________(606) can form when warm, humid air rises rapidly in a cumulonimbus cloud. Varying winds at different heights can spin the rising air like a top. Safest place to be is a storm ________________ or ___________________(609). Tornadoes occur more often in the United States than any other country. Weather patterns over the Great Plains result in a ____________________ _________(607). A _____________________ ( 610) begins over warm ocean water as a low-pressure area, or tropical disturbance. May cause flooding and wind damage. _______________________(611) is the best course of action. Winter Storms can produce heavy __________________(612) that can block roads and collapse buildings. If you are caught in a snowstorm, find shelter from the wind. WORD BANK Cold maritime polar *lightning Four east 30, 000 Air mass west continental polar front jet streams Storm continental tropical temperature Thunderstorms shelter snowfall Maritime tropical days flooding Humid tornado alley advances Occluded hurricane anticyclones Basement cyclones explosion *Lightning tornadoes warm Evacuation *words used twice