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Government Guided Readings Chapter 4: The Federal System Section 1: National and State Powers pp.95-102 Key Terms A. Delegated Powers: _____________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ B. Expressed Powers: _____________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ C. Implied Powers: _______________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ D. Elastic Clause: E. Inherent Powers: F. Reserved Powers: ______ __________________________________________________________________ G. Supremacy Clause: H. Concurrent Powers: I. Enabling Act: ________________________________________________________________________ Main Ideas: National and state powers have been continually redefined through conflict, compromise, and cooperation since the earliest days of the nation. 1. In what way did the Constitution divide government authority? A. B. C. 1 2. Collectively, the powers that the constitution grants to the national government are called delegated powers. These powers are divided into the following three types. List and briefly describe, give an example. A. : B. : C. : 3. List five expressed powers of the national government. A. ________________________ B. ________________________ C. ________________________ D. ________________________ E. _______________________ 4. What is the difference between reserved powers and concurrent powers? What are denied powers? Give an example of each. A. Reserved Powers: B. Concurrent Powers: C. Denied Powers: 5. The Constitution requires the national government to guarantee certain things to the states. Discuss three: A. B. C. 2 6. The Constitution gives Congress the power to add new states to the union. The procedure for admission begins in Congress. Discuss the three steps that make up the process. A. B. C. Congress or the President may impose certain conditions before admitting but once admitted to the Union each state is equal to every other state. 7. What two services do states perform for the national government? A. B. 8. Conflicts frequently arise between national and state governments. The federal court system plays a key role in settling these conflicts. The Supreme Court ruled on the question of national versus state power for the first time in the 1819 case of McCulloch v. Maryland. What did the Court say about national vs. state powers? Matching: Use the information in your textbook to match these phrases about national and state powers. Write the letter of each correct answer in the blank next to each numbered item. Column A. _____1. Reserved Powers _____2. Supremacy Clause _____3. Concurrent Powers _____4. Implied Powers _____5. Powers denied to the national government _____6. Expressed powers of the national government _____7. Inherent powers of the national government _____8. A rule for admitting a new state to the Union _____9. Guarantees made to the states by the National Government ____10. Enabling Act Column B. A. Taxing exports and interfering with the ability of the state to carry out their responsibilities. B. Powers that both national and state governments exercise independently. C. Controlling immigration and establishing quotas. D. The power of Congress to examine and approve state constitutions. E. Levying and collecting taxes; regulating interstate commerce. F. Makes the acts and treaties of the U.S. superior to those of individual states G. The draft; nuclear power plant regulation; space program. H. First step in the admission of a new state into the Union. I. Powers belonging strictly to the states. J. A republic form of government, protection from invasion and domestic violence, and the duty to respect the territorial integrity of each state. 3 Section 2: Relations Among the States pp.103-105 Key Terms A. Extradite: ________________________________________________________________________ B. Civil Law: ________________________________________________________________________ C. Interstate Compact: Main Ideas The Constitution set legal ground for relations among the states. These rules help to ensure cooperation. 1. Article IV of the Constitution requires that each state handle interstate relations/disputes. Discuss the five items necessary to settle an issue. A. B. C. D. E. 2. Which of the two ways mentioned above are used to settle disputes? A. B. 4 Section 3: Developing Federalism pp. 106-110 Key Terms A. States’ Rights Position: B. Nationalist position: C. Income Tax: Main Ideas: The roles of state and national government officials have been defined during more than 200 years of developing federalism. 1. Through American history, people have taken two very different views of how federalism should operate. List the two views and briefly discuss each with three facts. A. The states’ right position: 1. 2. 3. B. The nationalist position: 1. 2. 3. __ 2. During what two periods did the Supreme Court accept the states’ rights position on federalism? A. B. 3. The growth of the national government’s powers has been based on the following three constitutional provisions. Discuss briefly: A. War powers: B. Commerce powers: 5 C. Taxing powers: 4. Congress has used it taxing power to increase the national government’s power in two ways, name them and give and example: A. _ B. 5. How did the Supreme Court link the power to regulate commerce with civil rights? 6. What did the Civil Right’s Act of 1964 say to the states? 7. The national government has historically provided different kinds of aid to the states. Since the , federal aid to state and local government has increased tremendously. However, many federal aid programs provide money only if the state and local government are willing to meet conditions set by Congress. How did the Clinton administration attempt to give states more authority over funds from the federal government? Section 4: Federalism and Politics pp.112-116 Key Terms A. Sunset Laws: B. Sunshine law: C. Bureaucracy: Main Ideas Federalism affects government policy making, the political party system, the political activities of citizens, and the quality of life in all 50 states. 6 1. A public policy is the course of action a government takes in response to some issues or problems. Federalism affects public policy in the following two ways: discuss and give an example. A. B. 2. How does federalism lessen the chance of one political party gaining a monopoly of power? 3. How does federalism make government in the United States more democratic? 4. How did the federal bureaucracy develop? 5. Federalism allows states considerable freedom in arranging its own internal affairs. As a result, some states do more than others to regulate industry, provide more health and welfare services, or protect the environment. What are some of the differences in the political and economic environments of different states? 6. Why do state and local governments today administer previously funded federal programs? Matching: Match each term in Column A with the statement that best applies to it in Column B. Write the correct letters in the spaces provided. Column A _____1. Elastic clause _____2. Supremacy clause _____3. State’s rights _____4. Nationalist _____5. Sunshine law _____6. Sunset law 7 Column B A. The powers of the federal government should be expanded as necessary to solve problems. B. States do not have the right to make laws that conflict with the Constitution. C. Public officials may not hold meetings closed to the public. D. Federal agencies are regularly checked to see if they are still needed. E. Congress has authority to make all laws “necessary and proper” to carry out its other powers. F. The states created the national government and gave it narrowly defined powers. 8