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NAME: _____________________ BLOCK: _______ THE FROG AS A VERTEBRATE AND AN AMPHIBIAN Objectives: To observe the external anatomy of a frog To compare a vertebrate with invertebrates To compare an amphibian with other vertebrates To study the organ systems of a frog To observe the relationship between the structure and function of organs Materials: ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ Procedure: Refer to pages 183-184 of the Biology Laboratory Manual. Read and follow each procedure step. Record your answers to the questions on this paper. Observations: 1. a. ____________________________________________ b. ____________________________________________ 2. a. ____________________________________________ b. ____________________________________________ 3. a. ____________________________________________ b. ____________________, ______________________, _____________________ c. ____________________________________________ 4. a. ___________________________________________ b. ___________________________________________ c. ___________________________________________ 5. a. What is unusual about the attachment of the tongue? ____________________________________________________________________ b. What is the advantage of this attachment? ____________________________________________________________________ c. What might be the function of the vomerine teeth? ____________________________________________________________________ d. Which jaw has tiny maxillary teeth around the rim of the mouth? ____________________________________________________________________ THE INTERNAL ANATOMY OF THE FROG Procedure: Refer to pages 185-186 of the Biology Laboratory Manual. Follow procedure steps 1-11 and record your answers in the space below. Observations: 6. Label Figure 1. Digestive system. 7. a. Examine the inner lining of the small intestine. What do you see? __________________________________________________________________ b. What might be their function? ___________________________________________________________________ 8. Label Figure 2. Reproductive and Excretory system. Female 9. Label Figure 3. The Circulatory System Male Discussion Questions: 1. How are the relative lengths of the frog’s small intestine and large intestine related to their functions? __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 2. Which three body systems does the cloaca belong to, and what is the function of each? __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 3. How is the frog’s heart different from the heart of a fish? __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 4. The ventricle has thicker, more muscular walls than the atria. Relate this difference in wall structure to the functions of the two types of heart chambers. __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________