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Pre-Birth to Three: - Professor Colwyn Trevarthen: Musicality of language One of the things that are important is that the rhythms and the expression, the melodic kind of patterns, that seem to be the material of human thinking, and problem solving, and grammar of language, all of this kind of dynamic patterning that makes things happen through time, and makes them predictable to other people. The kind of thing that is going on between a mother and a baby - as Daniel Stone pointed out - it’s amodal, that is it’s between the modalities; it can be audible or visible, or you can feel it in body movement, and the dynamics are common to everything that we do, and so any sense can pick it up. We have an extraordinary film of a five month old baby who was born blind, and a Swedish baby, and the mother is singing a baby song, and the baby is conducting the baby song beautifully with its left hand, just like a professional conductor, and conducting the melody beautifully, going up for the pitch and going down at the end of the phrase, just like a conductor. And when our professor of music saw that, Professor Nigel Osborne, he said “Yes the baby is conducting like a professional conductor, and with some anticipation”, so we checked it, and the baby is a third of a second ahead of the mother, it is leading the mother through a familiar song, and with beautiful skill. So that translation of the mother’s voice into the baby’s hand is intuitive, completely intuitive; nobody knew the baby was doing his until we saw the film, and it was discovered in the film. But that is a film which impresses people very much, they realise, of course we are actually moving inside ourselves with other people all the time. Now I think it’s a very sad thing that linguists who had been attracted to the structure of text – written text – had strayed into a very complex field of the science of language, and come up with the idea that language has grammatical rules which are logical or structural, and forgotten that the origin of these rules is in the dynamic of human body movement.