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PHYSICAL SCIENCE (SECONDARY) ESSENTIAL UNIT (E09) (Waves, Electromagnetic Spectrum, and Optics) (June 2011) Unit Statement: The student will investigate waves, their parts, and their interactions. The properties of light, how it is produced, and the order of waves in the electromagnetic spectrum are described in this unit. The manipulation of light by mirrors and lenses and optical instruments are also presented. Essential Outcomes: (Must be Assessed) 1. The Student Will describe the different types of waves (transverse, longitudinal, and surface) and how they are produced and analyze the motion of a medium as each kind of wave passes through it. (p. 500 – 503) 2. TSW define frequency, wavelength, period, and wave speed and solve equations relating wave speed to wavelength and frequency or period. (p. 504 – 506) 3. TSW describe how to measure amplitude and relate amplitude to the energy of a wave. (p. 507) 4. TSW differentiate between reflection, refraction, diffraction, and the two types of interference of waves, identify the factors that affect the amount of each, and describe how they affect waves. (p. 508 – 512) 5. TSW describe the characteristics of electromagnetic waves and calculate the wavelength and frequency of an electromagnetic wave given its speed. (p. 533 – 536) 6. TSW explain the nature of light as both particle and wave and describe the evidence for the dual nature of electromagnetic radiation. (p. 536 – 537) 7. TSW diagram the electromagnetic spectrum and recognize the relationship of wavelength and frequency to this sequence. (p. 539 - 545) 8. TSW describe the types of reflection and the kinds of images formed by flat, convex, and concave mirrors. (p. 546 – 549, 570 - 573) 9. TSW explain refraction and the index of refraction and describe the kinds of images formed by convex and concave lenses. (p. 574 – 578) 10. TSW apply the scientific method in a variety of ways with a focus on one or two areas of the process. (Appendix in Curriculum Guide) QSI PHYSICAL SCIENCE (SEC) E09 Copyright 1988-2011 31 Introduced and Practiced Outcomes: 1. The Student Will relate the color of an object to the absorption, transmission and/or reflection of specific wavelengths of incident light. (p. 550 – 553) 2. TSW explain how light is produced by common sources and distinguish lasers from other light sources. (p. 558 – 562) 3. TSW Describe how reflecting and refracting telescopes, cameras, and compound microscopes form images. (p. 580 – 585) 4. TSW describe common vision problems and explain how they can be corrected. (p. 588 – 592) SUGGESTED RESOURCES & RUBRIC FOUND ON FOLLOWING PAGES………………… QSI PHYSICAL SCIENCE (SEC) E09 Copyright 1988-2011 32 Suggested Materials: PSCA Chapters 17, 18, and 19, PSLM #18(A, B) and #19A Suggested Assessment Tools and Strategies: Physical Science – Chapter Tests may be used as is for the chapters cited in the unit or serve as a basis for creating tests. Physical Science - Performance Assessment may be used as is, including rubrics, or the chapters cited in the unit. Chapter Resources: Previous scheme worksheets and activities may be used to augment the book. Suggested Technology Resources: phet.colorado.edu www.phschool.com Destiny Webpath Express – see library coordinator for details Student Express CD-ROM activities Suggested Activities, Labs, or Projects: Suggested Lab focus: Developing Hypotheses Inquiry Activity, PSCA p. 499 Observing waves in a Medium, PSCA p.502 Comparing Frequency and Wave Speed, PSCA p.505 Laser light from above a water tank can be shown to bend as it enters the water. Pointing to an object at the bottom while other students look at it from the side will confirm the phenomenon. Inquiry Activity, PSCA p. 531 Data Analysis, PSCA p. 542 Evaluating Sunscreen, PSCA p.544 Comparing Fluorescent and Incandescent Light, PSCA p.559 Mixing Colored Light, PSCA p. 563, PSLM p. 327 – 328 Predicting Spectra, PSLM p. 187 – 191 Using Polarized Light, PSLM p. 193 – 197 Inquiry Activity, PSCA p. 569 Measuring the Height of Your Mirror Image, PSCA p.571 Data Analysis, PSCA p. 575 Selecting Mirrors, PSCA p. 593, PSLM p. 329 – 330 Refraction and Reflection, PSLM p. 199 Harnessing Solar Energy, PSLM p. 207 RUBRIC FOUND ON FOLLOWING PAGE……………………………. QSI PHYSICAL SCIENCE (SEC) E09 Copyright 1988-2011 33 PHYSICAL SCIENCE (SECONDARY) ESSENTIAL UNIT 9 (E09) SUGGESTED RUBRIC TSW ‘A’ Level Mastery ‘B’ Level Mastery NA Student clearly describes the different types of waves (transverse, longitudinal, and surface) and how they are produced and correctly analyzes the motion of a medium as each kind of wave passes through it Student correctly defines frequency, wavelength, period, and wave speed and solves equations relating wave speed to wavelength and frequency or period 1 2 Student diagrams or demonstrates the relationship between frequency, wavelength and wave speed. 3 NA 4 Student clearly describes how to measure amplitude and relates amplitude to the energy of a wave Student diagrams or demonstrates how wave interactions relate to theaters or other real world situations 5 NA 6 Student diagrams or demonstrates the dual nature of light and the evidence that supports this view Student correctly differentiates between reflection, refraction, diffraction, and the two types of interference of waves, identify the factors that affect the amount of each, and describe how they affect waves Student clearly describes the characteristics of electromagnetic waves and calculates the wavelength and frequency of an electromagnetic wave given its speed Student completely explains the nature of light as both particle and wave and describe the evidence for the dual nature of electromagnetic radiation 7 NA Student correctly diagrams the electromagnetic spectrum and recognizes the relationship of wavelength and frequency to this sequence 8 NA Student clearly describes the types of reflection and the kinds of images formed by flat, convex, and concave mirrors 9 Student diagrams and/or demonstrates how lenses are used in various real life applications. Student completely explains refraction and the index of refraction and clearly describes the kinds of images formed by convex and concave lenses 10 See Laboratory Report Rubric in Curriculum Guide Appendix See Laboratory Report Rubric in Curriculum Guide Appendix To receive an ‘A’, the student must show ‘A’ level mastery in at least 3 of the 5 available TSW’s and ‘B’ level mastery on all of the remaining TSW’s. To receive a ‘B’, the student must show ‘B’ level mastery on all ten TSW’s. QSI PHYSICAL SCIENCE (SEC) E09 Copyright 1988-2011 34