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Kaan Yücel M.D., Ph.D. 19. November 2013 Tuesday topographical anatomy organization of the human body as major parts or segments Head Neck Trunk thorax, abdomen, back, & pelvis/perineum Upper limbs & lower limbs Anterior aspect of the leg Dorsal body cavity Ventral body cavity Head & neck Upper limb Thorax Abdomen Back Pelvis & Perineum Lower limb Neurocranium Skeleton of the face transitional area between the head and the trunk joins the head to the trunk and limbs major conduit for structures passing between them. several important organs with unique functions located here shoulder, arm, elbow, forearm, wrist, and hand Shoulder area of upper limb attachment to trunk Arm between shoulder & elbow joint Forearm between elbow joint & wrist joint Hand distal to the wrist joint proximal segment of the limb overlaps parts of the trunk (thorax and back) and lower lateral neck area of transition between the neck and the arm irregularly shaped pyramidal space Arm first segment of the free upper limb between shoulder & elbow 1 bone Forearm second longest segment of the limb between elbow & wrist (L. carpus) 2 bones Hand L. manus part of the upper limb distal to the forearm Wrist Palm Dorsum of hand Digits (fingers) between the neck and abdomen . forms the osteocartilaginous thoracic cage protects the thoracic viscera and some abdominal organs. 12 pairs of ribs & associated costal cartilages 12 thoracic vertebrae & intervertebral discs Sternum between thorax & pelvis (pelvic inlet) organs of the alimentary system and part of the urogenital system Containment of the abdominal organs and their contents provided by musculoaponeurotic walls anterolaterally, diaphragm superiorly, muscles of the pelvis inferiorly posterior aspect of the body provides the musculoskeletal axis of support for the trunk. Bony elements mainly vertebrae + proximal elements of the ribs + superior aspects of the pelvic bones + posterior basal regions of the skull spinal cord and proximal parts of the spinal nerves send and receive information to and from most of the body. from the pelvic inlet to the pelvic diaphragm part of the trunk inferoposterior to abdomen area of transition between trunk & lower limbs pelvic cavity inferiormost part of the abdominopelvic cavity between the sex organs and the anus Right hip bone (coxal bones; pelvic bones) Left hip bone Sacrum Coccyx (tailbone) Gluteal region between the iliac crest and the fold of skin (gluteal fold) Thigh Knee Leg Ankle Foot transitional region between the trunk and free lower limbs between gluteal, abdominal, and perineal regions proximally knee region distally 1 bone transitional area between the thigh and the leg posterior region of the knee (L. poples) popliteal fossa Leg region between knee joint & ankle joint 2 bones Ankle region (L. tarsus) talocrural region (L. regio talocruralis) Foot (L. pes) or foot region (L. regio pedis) distal part of the lower limb