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Course: Planet Earth Level 2 Teacher: Mrs. Tullo email: [email protected] Textbooks: Introduction to Matter, Interactions of Matter, Electricity and Magnetism and Environmental Science. Course Overview: Planet Earth is designed (in alignment with the science curriculum for the state of Connecticut) to help students understand chemical and physical processes and properties and relate them to Earth’s place in the universe. Topics of study include but are not limited to chemistry, environmental studies and electricity. Although separate instruction time is not allotted for laboratory work, lab opportunities will be presented when appropriate. Three inquiry labs with corresponding formal lab reports and science technology and society (STS) assignments will be included in accordance with the state curriculum. This course is designed for freshmen students who are planning to continue formal education beyond high school. This course is a graduation requirement. The following chapters will be covered this year. Outside readings will also be assigned to supplement your textbook. Topics from these readings may be included on quizzes and tests. Semester 1 Semester 2 Introduction to Matter- Chapters 2, 3, 4.2, 5 Interactions of Matter- Chapters 1, 3.2, 4 Electricity and Magnetism- Chapters 1-2 Environmental Science- Chapters 2.1,4-5 Grading: Your grade will be based on a combination of homework and classwork (30%), quizzes (20%), and tests and projects (50%). Please check the web regularly for your current grade. I cannot discuss individual grades during class time. Please see me after class or make an appointment to see me after school to discuss your personal grade. The following provides descriptions of each component of your grade: Homework and Class Work Requirements: Classwork will be checked or collected at the end of class. Homework will be assigned on a daily basis and will be due the following class unless otherwise stated. Class work includes note taking which is mandatory and essential for success. Homework will be written on the white board and should be recorded in your agenda/planner so that you know what to take home with you that day. Homework will also usually be posted on the school’s web site in case you are sick or want to double check the assignment. Homework and class work will be checked for completeness OR will be collected and check for completeness and accuracy. Homework will be accepted ONE day late for HALF credit. It will not be accepted after this (this does not apply to absences). Quizzes: Quizzes will be given on one or a few sections within a chapter on a regular basis and may be given with a day’s notice. Tests: Tests will typically be given at the end of each chapter. Notice will be given. However, you should take note of the number of sections in a chapter so that you are aware of when a test is approaching. Missed tests or quizzes must be made up upon the day of return if you are absent for the quiz or test day only. If an absence occurs when material is covered, a quiz must be made up within one day of the quiz and a test must be made up within three days of the test or a zero will be recorded! Prolonged absences will be given consideration Projects: Projects will be assigned on various topics and may require a variety of end products including formal laboratory reports. These will be worth the same as a test. Formal Laboratory Reports: Specific labs throughout the year will require a formal written laboratory report. Completed lab reports must be done in the correct format. You will be given a copy of the lab requirements when the first one is assigned. Extra Help Please schedule extra help after school as soon as you encounter topics that you find difficult or fall behind due to an absence. Don’t wait until the problem becomes overwhelming. Remember that your peers can be a source of extra help as well. I encourage you to study and review together for tests and exams. I will typically be available for help after school on Mondays and Fridays. Miscellaneous Notebook: A three ring binder (half inch minimum) is required for the course. It is recommended that this binder be organized according to chapters in order to make studying for midterms and finals manageable. Please save ALL work for studying purposes and to verify grades if necessary. Calculator: A simple calculator is all that is required for this course. You should bring your calculator to class daily along with a pen or pencil, the textbook we are currently using, your notebook and your agenda/planner. Other supplies: a couple of highlighters, colored pencils or pens will also be helpful to bring to class and will sometimes be required for homework assignments or projects. Mid-term and Final Exams: Planet Earth is a full year course so a midterm and final exam will be given. The final exam will be cumulative for the year. This is why is particularly important to keep a neat and organized binder. The science department is primarily responsible for the following two parts of the school’s mission statement. Therefore, many lessons will focus on these. However, any part of the mission statement may be the focus of a particular lesson. #3 demonstrate proficiency in critical and creative thinking #5 utilize problem solving and reasoning strategies The following are the essential understandings and expected performances from the state department of education’s core science for grades 9-10 that will be discussed in this course and the chapters associated to these topics in each textbook. Outside readings, notes, videos, etc will be used to cover topics not covered in your textbook. Essential Understanding Expected Performances Textbook Chapters 9.1 Energy Can Not Be Created or Destroyed; However, energy can be converted from one form to another. D1. Describe the effects of adding energy to matter in terms of the motion of atoms and molecules, and the resulting phase changes. Introduction to Matter Chapter 2: States of Matter: Section 1 Three States of Matter Section 2: Behavior of Gases Section 3: Changes of State Supplemental materials Electricity and Magnetism Chapter 1: Introduction to electricity Section 1 electric charge and static electricity Section 2: electric current and electrical energy Section 3: electrical calculations Section 4: electric circuits D2. Explain how energy is transferred by conduction, convection, and radiation. 9.2 The electrical force is a universal force that exists between any two charged objects D3. Describe energy transformations among heat, light, electricity, and motion D 4. Explain the relationship among voltage, current and resistance in a simple series circuit. D 5. Explain how electricity is used to produce heat and light in incandescent bulbs and heating elements D 6. Describe the relationship between current and magnetism Chapter 2: Electromagnetism: Section 1 Magnets and Magnetism Section 2: Magnetism from electricity Section 3: Electricity from Magnetism 9.3 Various sources of energy are used by humans and all D 7. Explain how heat is used to generate electricity Environmental Science Chapter 5: Energy resources have advantages and disadvantages 9.4 Atoms react with one another to form new compounds D 8. Describe the availability, current uses and environmental issues related to the use of fossil and nuclear fuels to produce electricity. D 9. Describe the availability, current uses and environmental issues related to the use of hydrogen fuel cells, wind and solar energy to produce electricity D 10. Describe the general structure of the atom, and explain how the properties of the first 20 elements in the Periodic Table are related to their atomic structure Interactions of Matter Chapter 4: Atomic Energy Section 2: Energy from the Nucleus Introduction to Matter Chapter 3: Elements, Compounds and Mixtures Section 1: Elements Section 2: Compounds Section 3: Mixtures Chapter 4: Introduction to Atoms Section 2: The atom Chapter 5: The Periodic Table Section 1: Arranging the Elements Section 2: Grouping the Elements D 11. Describe how atoms combine to form new substances by transferring electrons (ionic bonding) or sharing of electrons (covalent bonding) D 12 Explain the chemical composition of acids and bases and explain the change of pH in neutralization reactions 9.5 Due to its unique chemical structure, carbon forms many D 14 Describe combustion reactions of hydrocarbons and their resulting by-products Interactions of Matter Interactions of Matter Chapter 1: Chemical bonding Section 1: electrons and chemical bonding Section 2: Ionic bonding Section 3: covalent and metallic bonding Chapter 3: Chemical Compounds Section 2 acids and bases Section 3 solutions of acids and bases organic and inorganic compounds 9.6 Chemical technologies present both risks and benefits to the health and well-being of humans, plants and animals. 9.7 Elements on Earth move among reservoirs in the solid earth, oceans, atmosphere and organisms as part of biogeochemical cycles D 15. Explain the general formation and structure of carbon-based polymers, including synthetic polymers, such as polyethylene (note: biopolymers such as carbohydrates will be covered in biology) D 17. Explain how the chemical structure of polymers affects their physical properties. D 18. Explain the short- and long-term impacts of landfills and incineration of waste materials on the quality of the environment. D 19. Explain how chemical and physical processes cause carbon to cycle through the major earth reservoirs Environmental Science Chapter 2: Cycles in Nature Section 1: The Cycles of Matter Environmental Science Chapter 4: Environmental Problems and Solutions Section 1: Environmental Problems Section 2: Environmental Solutions Environmental Science Chapter 4: Environmental Problems and Solutions Section 1: Environmental Problems Section 2: Environmental Solutions D 20. Explain how solar energy causes water to cycle through the major earth reservoirs D 22. Explain how the release of sulfur dioxide (SO2) into the atmosphere can form acid rain, and how acid rain affects water sources, organisms and human-made structures. D 23. Explain how the accumulation of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere increases Earth’s “greenhouse” effect and may cause climate changes. 9.9 Some materials can be recycled, but others accumulate in the environment and may affect the balance of the Earth systems D 24. Explain how the accumulation of mercury, phosphates and nitrates affects the quality of water and the organisms that live in rivers, lakes and oceans. D 25. Explain how land development, transportation options and consumption of resources may affect the environment. D 26. Describe human efforts to reduce the consumption of raw materials and improve air and water quality. H.E.A.T. Academic HONESTY- It is expected that all work submitted in this class is that of the individual whose name appears on the materials. This includes homework assignments. Violations of academic honesty include but are not limited to cheating and plagiarism. Effort & Achievement- I hope to stress the importance of “effort” everyday in my class. No one is perfect or can always give 100%, so this rule enforces the importance of a positive attitude throughout the course. Each student has strengths and weaknesses so I remind you to take notice of your own effort and that of others, whether or not this effort is completely successful. Celebrate success, no matter how small. Teamwork- A class of students will be much more successful if its members support and encourage one another. This can be done everyday and is a simple way that you can have a profound effect on others. Come to class (not just this one) knowing that you have the power to affect one another for the better. Sometimes a word of encouragement from a peer can make all the difference. I will do my best to foster a positive environment. Parents or Guardians: Please sign and return this page only. Please keep the previous pages for your records. Your student will be given their own copy to keep in their binders. Parent/ Guardian Name (print) ____________________________________________________ Relationship _________________________ Parent/ Guardian Signature ______________________________________________________ Parent / Guardian E-mail _________________________________________________________ Parent/ Guardian Home Phone #_______________________________ Parent/ Guardian Cell Phone #_______________________________ (if desired) Student Name (print) _______________________________________________Period _______