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Leninism - Bolshevik ideals (in summary): Inevitability of socialism – Marxist view of history Marx is adaptable to local conditions. Necessity to speed up the revolution – by-pass capitalist phase and socialist stage into one revolution Necessity of the leadership of the party – revolutionary vanguard To set up a “dictatorship of the proletariat (workers)” From Lenin’s State and Revolution (1917) “. . . the dictatorship of the proletariat — i.e. the organisation of the vanguard of the oppressed as the ruling class for the purpose of crushing the oppressors. . . . An immense expansion of democracy, which for the first time becomes democracy for the poor, democracy for the people, and not democracy for the rich: . . . and suppression by force, i.e. exclusion from democracy, for the exploiters and oppressors of the people — this is the change which democracy undergoes during the transition from capitalism to communism.” Democratic centralism Rejection of liberal-democracy Implement socialism o state (worker) control of the means of production o redistribution of wealth o abolition of private property – collective ownership o Everyone is equal – “from each according to their means to each according to their need” Ambivalence towards peasantry, the “pack animal of history” according to Trotsky Internationalist – opposite to nationalist – push for international revolution, which will spread from Russia – “workers of the world unite”. Necessity of violence to achieve revolutionary aims Necessity of education to free the workers from their ignorance and to gain their support.