Download Chapter 4 Study Guide: Newton`s 1st Law of Motion

Name: ________________________________________ Block: _____ Date: _____/_____/_____
Conceptual Physics
Chapter 4 Study Guide: Newton's 1st Law of Motion - Inertia
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of your response on the line
provided.
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1. The astronomer Copernicus publicly stated in the 1500s that Earth _____.
a. does not move
c. is slowing down
b. revolves around the sun
d. is the center of the solar system
2. The law of inertia states that an object _____.
a. will continue moving at the same velocity unless an outside force acts on it
b. will continue moving in a straight line unless an outside force acts on it
c. at rest will remain at rest unless acted on by an outside force
d. all of the above
3. If the force of gravity suddenly stopped acting on the planets, they would _____.
a. spiral slowly away toward the sun
b. continue to orbit the sun
c. move in a straight lines tangent to their orbits
d. fly straight away from the sun
4. One object has twice as mass as another object. The first object also has twice as much _____.
a. velocity
c. inertia
b. gravitational acceleration
d. all of the above
5. Compared to its weight on Earth, a 10 kg object on the moon will weigh _____.
a. the same
c. less
b. more
d. 6 times the amount
6. Compared to its mass on Earth, the mass of a 10 kg object on the moon is _____.
a. the same
c. less
b. more
d. 6 times the amount
7. The mass of a sheep that weighs 110 N is about _____.
a. 1 kg
c. 110 kg
b. 11 kg
d. 1110 kg
8. An object following a straight-line path at constant speed _____.
a. must be falling
b. has a net force acting on it in the direction of motion
c. has zero acceleration
d. none of the above
9. Friction _____.
a. comes from microscopic bumps that act as obstructions to the object’s motion
b. is the name given to the force acting between surfaces sliding past one another
c. acts in a direction that opposes the motion of the object
d. all of the above
10. A 15 N force and a 45 N force act on each other in opposite directions. What is the net force on the object?
a. 15 N
c. 45 N
b. 30 N
d. 60 N
11. A 15 N force and a 45 N force act on an object in the same direction. What is the net force on the object?
a. 15 N
c. 45 N
b. 30 N
d. 60 N
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Name: ________________________________________ Block: _____ Date: _____/_____/_____
Conceptual Physics
____ 12. Equilibrium occurs when _____.
a. all the forces acting on the object are balanced
b. the net force on the object is zero
c. all of the above
d. none of the above
____ 13. A girl whose weight is 500 N hangs from the middle of a bar supported by two vertical strands of rope. What
is the tension in each rope?
a. 0 N
c. 500 N
b. 250 N
d. 100 N
____ 14. A clothesline is stretched between two trees. A tire hangs in the middle of the line and the two halves of the
line make equal angles with the horizontal. The tension in each half of the line is _____.
a. half the weight of the tire
c. more than half the weight of the tire
b. less than half the weight of the tire
d. none of the above
____ 15. A bag of sports equipment has a mass of 10 kg and a weight of _____.
a. 0.98 N
c. 98 N
b. 9.8 N
d. 980 N
True/False (1 pt. each)
Indicate whether the statement is true or false. Write the letter of your response on the line provided.
____ 16. A force can simply be defined as a push or pull.
____ 17. The SI unit of mass is the Newton (N).
____ 18. An astronaut weighs the same on Earth as in space.
____ 19. Inertia is the property that every material object has; inertia resists changes in object’s state of motion.
____ 20. If you were able to slide a hockey puck across a frictionless ice rink, there must be a horizontal force on it to
keep it in motion.
Numeric Response (6 pts. each)
Respond to each of the following problems in the space provided. Make sure your numerical responses include both a
number and a unit.
21. How much does a 10 kg bag of dog food weigh? State your answer in Newtons.
22. A person weighs 650 N. What is the mass of the person?
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Name: ________________________________________ Block: _____ Date: _____/_____/_____
Conceptual Physics
23. Two forces of 10 N both act on an object. The angle between the forces is a right angle. What is the
magnitude of resultant?
Essay
24. Write a brief paragraph summarizing the early theories of motion of the following scientists: Copernicus,
Aristotle, and Galileo. List the scientists in chronological order of there contribution beginning with the
earliest in your summary.
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