Download 2012Genetics Study Guide

Genetics Study Guide
1. Define the following terms:
a. Homozygous:
b. Heterozygous:
c. Monohybrid:
d. Dihybrid:
e. Dominant:
f. Recessive:
g. Allele:
h. Pure-breeding or pure-line:
i.
Genetics:
j.
Heredity:
k. Hybrid:
2. What are Mendel’s laws relating to genetic inheritance? Explain each.
3. How many alleles do you inherit for each trait?
Why?
4. What is a genotype? A phenotype? Describe why you can’t always tell a person’s
genotype based on his/her phenotype.
5. What does a punnett square show us? What do the letters along the side of a punnett
square represent?
6. What’s the difference between a monohybrid cross and a dihybrid cross?
7. What is a test cross? How does it work? Show an example of this.
8. In Mendel’s experiments he works through three generations. What are these generations
each called, and what did he see in his Experiment 1 and Experiment 2?
9. Compare and contrast incomplete dominance and codominance (similarities & differences).
Give an example of each.
10. How many different phenotypes can you get when you have incomplete dominance?
Codominance?
11. What are multiple alleles? Explain these using blood type as an example.
12. What are human blood types based on? How many alleles are there for blood type? What
are the 4 blood types and their possible genotypes?
*Make sure you can do problems that address each type of situation covered in class:
monohybrid, dihybrid, incomplete dominance, codominance, blood types. Be able to
provide genotypic ratios & phenotypic ratios.