Download Ms. Jihan Athens vs. Sparta Document Practice name: Directions

Ms. Jihan
Athens vs. Sparta Document Practice
name:
Directions: Examine the following documents. For each document, circle the source and the title. Annotate as
needed. Then, answer the questions below.
1. What are the main ideas in Document A? Give 1 piece of evidence from each picture to support your main
ideas. (4 pts)
Sparta/military - ____________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Athenian assembly - _________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2. What is the purpose or main idea of Document B? Use your own words! Give 1 piece of evidence from the
map that supports your answer. (2 pts)
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
3. What is the main idea of the information portrayed in the chart of Document C? Give 2 pieces of evidence
from the chart to support your answer. (3 pts)
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
4. What are the main ideas in Document D. Give 2 pieces of evidence from each passage to support your main
ideas. (6 pts)
Athenian Education - ________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Spartan Education - ________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Document A
“Greek Hoplites [Soldiers]”.
Hoplites wore helmets & breastplates
for themselves, but carried shields &
spears to protect the whole line.
Spartan government: co-kings, Gerontes
(council of 28 elders), 5 Ephors
(legislative/judicial), assembly of citizens.
Spartan life revolved around war.
They had superior weapons and
tactics for several hundred years.
Source: Chigi Vase, 7th Century, Corinthian oinochoe
The Athenian Assembly
Source: Illustration from The Greek World by Anton Powell, Routledge Press, 1987
Document B
Athenian and Spartan Areas of Control
Source: “Athenian Empire”. University Press Inc, 2012
Document C
Free, native-born adult males
Athens and Sparta: Who Could Be a Citizen?
Athens
Sparta
Requirements
Yes
Yes
Athens: If parents were free-born Athenians
Sparta: Only families who traced ancestry to Sparta
Free, native-born adult females
No
Yes
Sparta: Only families who traced ancestry to Sparta
Free, native-born male children
No
No
Athens: First, had to complete education & 2 years
of military training before being granted citizenship
Sparta: First, had to complete training in the
Agogee
Female children
Slaves
Freed slaves and helots
No
No
No
No
No
Yes
Sons of freed slaves
Sparta: Helots could be sponsored by Spartiates to
be educated. If they did well, they could become
citizens.
No
No
Source: Chart created from various sources.
Document D
Education in Athens
The education of the little Athenian boy began on the day of his birth and lasted until the age of 20. First
of all, the parents made sure that they raised a healthy and lively child. The first years of his life were completely
dedicated to playing.
At the age of 7, the child would start going to school. Although school was not compulsory, even the
poorest Athenian citizen tried to provide his children with at least a basic education. Schooling was private,
usually taking place at the teacher’s house. Girls were educated at home. [A boy’s] education in ancient Athens
consisted of 3 basic courses. The first course, "Grammata" (the letters), included reading, writing and arithmetic.
…The second course consisted of the subjects of Music: Singing, Playing of the lyre and the flute, Reciting and
musical performance of poetry. …Through letters, music and poetry, the pupils were also taught History,
Geography, Ethics and all the values of life. … The third course was a physical education… The lessons took
place in the afternoon at the palaestra (sports place) and the stadium. The children practiced wrestling, jumping,
running and throwing of discus and javelin. …
When the youths became 16, they completed their basic education. The ones who didn’t have to work,
could be introduced to sciences and philosophy by the sophists, at first, and later by inspired Philosophers, … or
rhetoric ...
From the age of 18, the youths… were given their first arms by the city. They took an oath at the temple of
Agravlos that they would not disgrace the arms trusted to them and that they would use them to defend Athens
and its laws. After the oath, they started their military service, which lasted two years. During this time, the city
supported the (young men). Apart from exercising with the younger boys, special trainers showed them how to
use arms. Some practiced horseback riding while others practiced naval maneuvers at sea.
Source:
http://www.sociedadehelenica.org.br/paginas_en/netnews.cgi?cmd=mostrar&cod=8&max=9999&tpl=modelo2
Education in Sparta
A [Spartan] father had no right to decide whether to rear his newly born son or not. He was obliged to take the
baby to the elders of his tribe for inspection. If they were satisfied that he was strong and healthy, they gave it
back to the father to be brought up; if not, they ordered it to be exposed [left outside to die]. A Spartiate’s son was
nurtured by his parents only until he was seven years old. At that age, he was removed from his family and , from
his eighth to his twenty-first year, he was educated by the state according to a rigorous [military-like] discipline.
This state-controlled education, or agoge, [“a-go-gee”] occupied a central place in the Spartan society…
An important magistrate [official], the Warden of the Boys, was appointed to take charge of the agoge. His
authority over the boys resembled that of a general over an army. He was assisted in the enforcement of disciple
by a number of citizens called Whip-bearers…
Immediately on his beginning the agoge, the seven-year-old boy was enrolled in one of the ‘troops’…Each
troop was captained by one of the boys, whose orders the rest had to obey. Only the rudiments [basics] of reading
and writing were taught; instruction consisted for the most part in…obedience, bodily fitness, and courage to
conquer in battle. At the age of twelve, a boy’s regimen became even more sever…Youths in the senior age-class
of the agoge behaved like officers, organizing war-games for the boys and in the evening presiding in the mess
[outside dining area]. Boys were encouraged to go out and steal food for the mess, but if caught stealing they were
whipped. Athletic contests formed a large part of training in the agoge.
Source: J.T. Hooker, The Ancient Spartans, J.M. Dent and Sons Ltd. London, 1980