Download Biology Midterm Study Guide Ch 1-9 spring 11

Biology 1 Midterm Exam Study Guide
Chapters 1-9
1. Label the following as a ‘goal of science’/ ‘not a goal of science’:
a. to investigate and understand the natural world
b. to explain events in the natural world
c. to use data to support a particular point of view
d. to use derived explanations to make useful predictions
2. The work of scientists usually begins with careful______________________.
3. Which part of the scientific method deals with Information gathered from observing a
plant grow 3 cm over a two-week period.
4. Label the following as a valid hypothesis for why a plant appears to be dying
a. The plant is not being watered enough.
b. The plant is being watered too much.
c. The plant is receiving too much sunlight.
5. In science, a hypothesis is useful only if it can be ____________________.
6. Label the following as science/not science:
a. experimenting
c. guessing
b. observing
d. hypothesizing
7. Label the following variables present in Redi’s experiment on spontaneous generation
as controlled variable/NOT a controlled variable:
a. gauze covering that keeps flies away from meat
b. types of jars used
c. types of meat used
d. temperature at which the jars were stored
8. A controlled experiment allows the scientist to isolate and test a____________
variable.
Biology 1 Midterm Exam Study Guide
Chapters 1-9
9. When enough experimental data support a hypothesis, the hypothesis becomes a(an)
10. Biology is the study of
11. Label the following as characteristic of all living things/not characteristics of living
things:
a. growth and development
c. response to the environment
b. ability to move
d. ability to reproduce
12. The process by which organisms keep their internal conditions fairly constant is called
13. List the three particles that make up atoms:
14. The space surrounding the nucleus of an atom contains which subatomic particle?
15. The nucleus is made up of ____________________ and ___________________.
16. Isotopes are atoms of the same element with the same number of protons and
17. If an atom contains 11 protons and 12 neutrons, its atomic number is
18. A covalent bond is formed as the result of
Biology 1 Midterm Exam Study Guide
Chapters 1-9
19. What type of ion forms when an atom loses electrons?
20. Water molecules are polar, with the oxygen side being pos/neg and the hydrogen side
being pos/neg.
21. When salt is dissolved in water, water is the solute/solvent.
22. A map of eastern North America, showing the pH of rainfall in the various states,
indicates that the pH of rain in New York State varies from 4.22 to 4.40. According to
these figures, the most acidic rainfall in New York State has a pH of _________.
23. Identify the reactant(s) in the chemical reaction, CO2 + H2O  H2CO3.
24. A substance that accelerates the rate of a chemical reaction is called a(an)
25. The branch of biology dealing with interactions among organisms and between
organisms and their environment is called
26. Which of the following descriptions about the organization of an ecosystem is correct?
a. Communities make up species, which make up populations.
b. Populations make up species, which make up communities.
c. Species make up communities, which make up populations.
d. Species make up populations, which make up communities.
27. Plants are producers/consumers.
28. What is the original source of almost all the energy in most ecosystems?
Biology 1 Midterm Exam Study Guide
Chapters 1-9
29. An organism that cannot make its own food is called a(an) heterotroph/autotroph.
30. A symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit is
31. Label which of the following will result in primary succession/secondary succession:
a. a forest fire.
c. farm land is abandoned.
b. a lava flow.
d. a severe storm.
32. What is one difference between primary and secondary succession?
33. Label the factors that play a role in population growth rate below:
a. immigration
c. emigration
b. death rate
d. demography
34. The movement of organisms into a given area from another area is called
35. When individuals in a population reproduce at a constant rate, it is called
logistic/exponential growth.
36. Who was one of the first people to identify and see cork cells?
37. Label the following as a principle of cell theory/NOT a principle of the cell theory:
a. Cells are the basic units of life.
b. All living things are made of cells.
c. Very few cells reproduce.
d. All cells are produced by existing cells.
38. The cell theory applies to:
Biology 1 Midterm Exam Study Guide
Chapters 1-9
39. Prokaryotes lack:
40. Label which of the following contain a nucleus:
a. prokaryotes
c. eukaryotes
b. bacteria
d. organelles
41. Which of the following organisms are prokaryotes?
a. plants
c. bacteria
b. animals
d. all of the above
42. . Label which of the following organelles to their locations. (Nucleus/not in nucleus)
a. cytoplasm
c. chromatin
b. nucleolus
d. DNA
43. Which organelle breaks down food into molecules the cell can use?
44. Which structure makes proteins using coded instructions that come from the nucleus?
45. Which organelle converts the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are
more convenient for the cell to use?
46. Which organelles help provide cells with energy?
47. Label the organelles you would expect to find in plant cells/animal cells:
a. mitochondrion
c. chloroplast
b. ribosome
d. smooth endoplasmic reticulum
48. Which structure serves as the cell’s boundary from its environment?
Biology 1 Midterm Exam Study Guide
Chapters 1-9
49. Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of _____________ concentration
to an area of ________________ concentration.
50. h means of particle transport requires input of energy from the cell?
51. What are the three parts of an ATP molecule?
52. Energy is released from ATP when
a. A phosphate group is added.
c. ATP is exposed to sunlight.
b. adenine bonds to ribose.
d. a phosphate group is removed.
53. Photosynthesis uses sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into
54. ts gather the sun’s energy with light-absorbing molecules called _______________.
55. Most plants appear green because chlorophyll reflects/absorbs green light.
56. stroma is the region outside the __________________.
57. Where in the chloroplast is chlorophyll found?
58. Where do the light-dependent reactions take place?
Biology 1 Midterm Exam Study Guide
Chapters 1-9
59. What are the products of the light-dependent reactions?
60. The Calvin cycle is another name for
61. The Calvin cycle takes place in the
62. What is a product of the Calvin cycle?
Label the Diagram:
63. A ________________
64. B_________________
65. C_________________
66. D_________________
67. E_________________
68. F__________________
69. G____________________
70. H____________________
71. I ____________________
72. J ____________________
73. K____________________
Biology 1 Midterm Exam Study Guide
Chapters 1-9
Figure 1
Figure 2
74. Use figure 1 for 88-90. Which of the colors absorbed by chlorophyll is least visible?
75. What is the approximate wavelength?
76. What percentage of light energy absorbed by chlorophyll does the orange spectrum
peak represent?
77. Use figure 2 for 78-80. Which color in the spectrum is most visible?
78. What percentage of light energy absorbed does this represent?
79. If everything above 50% of light energy reflected is visible to the human eye, is red
light part of the mixture of colors seen in light reflected by chlorophyll?
Biology 1 Midterm Exam Study Guide
Chapters 1-9
Salt
A
B
80. Label the integral protein.
81. Label the phosphate head.
82. Label the lipid tail.
83. Label the hydrophobic and hydrophilic segments of the lipid bilayer.
84. How many layers make up the cell membrane?
85. Particles naturally move from an area of ________________ concentration to
__________________concentration.
86. Using the diagram above, clarify which way diffusion will occur.
Biology 1 Midterm Exam Study Guide
Chapters 1-9
Use the following diagrams to answer the following questions. Answer Cell A/Cell B
CELL A
87. Is a eukaryote
88. Is a prokaryote
89. Makes up plant cells
90. Makes up animal cells
91. Makes up fungi
92. Makes up protists like ameoba
93. Is a bacterium
94. Has membrane bound organelles
95. Lacks membrane bound organelles
96. Is typically larger
97. Is typically smaller
98. Is more complex
99. Is more primitive (basic)
CELL B
Biology 1 Midterm Exam Study Guide
Chapters 1-9
100.
101.
102.
The sugar will move from _________.
The water will move from __________.
The starch will move from __________.
5% Starch
20% Sugar
Water
10% Starch
2% Sugar
Water
A
103.
104.
105.
106.
B
Isotonic solution
Hypertonic solution
Hypotonic solution
Concentration gradient
Active transport
Passive transport
Swell or lyse
shrink
The iodine will move from __________.
The sugar will move from __________.
The starch will move from __________.
The water will move from __________.
4% Iodine
8% Sugar
12% Starch
Water
A
Word Bank
Words may be used once, more than
once, or not at all.
6% Iodine
15% Sugar
20% Starch
Water
B
107. A solution who’s solute concentration is the same outside and inside the cell is
known as a(n) ____________________.
108. A solution who’s solute concentration is higher outside of the cell is known as a(n)
__________________.
109. This type of cell will potentially ________________.
110. A solution who’s solute concentration is higher inside the cell is known as a(n)
__________________.
Biology 1 Midterm Exam Study Guide
Chapters 1-9
111. This
type of cell will potentially
_______________.
112. Diffusion is a form of
_______________transport.
113. Which terms best describe, in order, the roles of the cow, the bacteria, and the bass?
114. Which component represents the primary producers
in this arctic aquatic food web?
Biology 1 Midterm Exam Study Guide
Chapters 1-9
115. A region in Australia has an average annual temperature of 25 C and an average
annual precipitation of 285 cm. Which region does this biome belong to?
116. Label the following as a stage of cellular respiration/not a stage of cellular respiration:
a. fermentation
c. glycolysis
b. electron transport
d. Krebs cycle
117. List the correct sequence of cellular respiration using the following terms:
Electron transport chain, glycolysis, krebs cycle, glycolysis
118. Cellular respiration uses one molecule of glucose to produce _____________ ATP’s.
119. What are the reactants in the equation for cellular respiration?
133. In eukaryotes, electron transport occurs in the ______________________.
134. Label which of the following passes high-energy electrons into the electron transport chain?
a. NADH and FADH2
c. citric acid
b. ATP and ADP
d. acetyl – CoA
135. The energy of the electrons passing along the electron transport chain is used to
make______________________________.
136. Label the following processes that release energy from glucose/do not release energy from
glucose :
a. glycolysis
c. fermentation
b. photosynthesis
d. cellular respiration
Biology 1 Midterm Exam Study Guide
Chapters 1-9