Download By the end of 6th grade, I will be able to…. Language 601.1.1

By the end of 6th grade, I will be able to….
Language
601.1.1
601.1.1
601.1.2
601.1.3
601.1.4
601.1.5
601.1.6
Identify the correct use
of different types of
nouns (words that name
a person, place, thing, or
idea)
Identify the correct use
of these types of
pronouns (words that
take the place of a
noun)
Identify the correct use
of verbs (words that
show action or a state of
being)
Identify the correct use
of adjectives (words
that describe or modify
a noun) and adverbs
(words that describe or
modify a verb)
Identify the correct use
of prepositional phrases
in sentences
Identify the correct use
of conjunctions (words
that combine sentences,
phrases, or clauses) and
interjections.
Use quotation marks
Common/proper: Common nouns are general nouns like building and store; proper nouns are specific nouns like
Wal-Mart and John Hancock Building.
Singular/plural: Singular means one (friend); plural means more and one (friends).
Possessives: Possessive nouns show ownership – friend’s and friends’.
Agreement: Pronouns must agree with verb. Ex. CORRECT They were playing ball at the park NOT They was playing
ball at the park.
Subject: These pronouns are to be used in the subject of the sentence: I, you, he, she , it, we, they.
Object: There pronouns are to be used in the indirect object, direct object, or object of the preposition: me, you,
him, her, them, us, it
Action: hopping, skipping, thinking
Linking: connect the subject to more information about the subject. Ex. Juan is an athlete. The commons linking
verbs are: am, is, are, was, and were.
Regular: form their past tense by adding –ed Ex. jump to jumped
Irregular: form their past tense by not adding -ed Ex. awake to awoke
Agreement: verbs must agree with the subject. Ex. The bird is singing. The birds are singing.
Common adjective: silly dogs
Proper adjective: French fries, Mexican food
Comparative: compares 2 nouns with more or –er. Ex. happier , more confident
Superlative: compares 3 or more nouns with most or –est. Ex. happiest, most confident
Placement: place the prepositional word near the word(s) that it modifies. Ex. Think about the different meanings of
these sentences: I shot an elephant in my pajamas. (Was the elephant wearing your pjs? Here is the sentence
corrected: In my pajamas, I shot an elephant.
Coordinating: I like tea and coffee.
Subordinating: joins a main clause to a subordinate clause. Ex. Jill came tumbling after Jack had fallen.
Interjections: show feeling or excitement. Ex. Wow! That was fantastic!
Quotation marks: used to show when someone is speaking. Ex. “Wow! I can’t believe that you didn’t win!” shouted
correctly.
601.1.6 Use commas correctly.
&
601.1.12
601.1.6
Use colons correctly.
601.1.7
&
601.1.8
Choose the best way to
fix a run-on sentence or
create a compound
sentence.
601.1.9
Find errors with these
words: double
negatives, to/two/too,
their/there/they’re, its/
it’s , sit/set, lie/lay,
affect/effect, sit/set,
lie/lay, may/can,
leave/let, teach/learn,
accept/except,
capitol/capital,
principle/principal,
between/among
the lady. Indent a quotation when the quotation marks start the sentence.
Single quotation marks: When quoting someone within a quote, use single quotation marks. Ex. In anger, Sarah
shouted, “I know I heard you say, ‘I didn’t do that’.”
Between the city and state: Pikeville, Tennessee
Dates: April 24, 1987
Coordinating conjunction: The juggler used balls, chainsaws, and bowling pins.
Introductory words: The general rule is to use a comma if there are 4 or more introductory words. Ex. After playing
for hours, the players took a break.
Appositives: Appositives rename; they are set off by commas. Ex. My friend, Sarah Beth, met us at the theater to
watch a movie.
Interrupters: Use commas when sentences are interrupter with details. Ex. The lady, dressed in bright blue clothing,
motioned me to join her at the table.
Business letters: Use a colon after the greeting in a business letter. Ex. Dear Mr. Smith:
Before a list of items: I went to Wal-Mart and purchased the following: iTunes gift card, yellow iPod, and ear buds.
Run-on: The gentleman opened the door the lady moved through the passage quickly.
Use a conjunction: The gentleman opened the door, and the lady moved through the passage quickly.
Semicolon: The gentleman opened the door; the lady moved through the passage quickly.
Introductory phrase: While the gentleman opened the door, the lady moved through the passage quickly.
Use periods: The gentleman opened the door. The lady moved through the passage quickly.
Double negatives: Do not use 2 words in the same sentences that mean “no”. Ex. I didn’t have any supper last night,
NOT I didn’t have no supper last night.
To: preposition Two: a number Too: mean also or extent
Their: shows ownership there: place they’re: contraction for they are
Sit: to rest or recline Set: to place an object
Lie: to recline Lay: to place
It’s: contraction for “it is” Its: pronoun showing ownership
Affect: verb meaning to “influence” Effect: noun meaning the “result”
May: to ask permission Can: to have the ability
Leave: verb meaning to go Let: verb meaning to allow or permit
Teach: verb meaning to instruct Learn: verb meaning to gain knowledge
Accept: verb meaning to receive Except: means to leave out
Capitol: building where Congress meets Capital: upper case letter or city where state government meets
Principle: law or idea Principal: the head of a school or base amount owed on a loan
Between: used when discussing distinct, individual items Ex. You must choose between chocolate, vanilla, and
strawberry.
601.1.10 Correctly form plurals.
601.1.10 Correctly make words
601.1.11
singular (one) and plural
(more than one)
possessive
Make noun and verbs
agree.
See above.
601.1.12
601.1.13 Choose appropriate
601.1.18
Among: used when talking about things that aren’t distinct Ex. Fear spread among the prisoners.
Add ‘s’. Most nouns form their plural by adding s. dog/dogs
Add ‘es’. If a word ends in s, z, ch, sh, or x, form the plural by adding es. dress/dresses
Changing the ‘y’: If a noun ends in ‘y’, form the plural by changing the ‘y’ to an ‘i’ and adding ‘es’. baby / babies
Irregular: Some nouns have irregular plurals. child/children
Singular: (one)Use apostrophe and an s if you are talking about one person/thing owning something. Ex. the dog’s
bowl (one dog owns one bowl) the dog’s bowls (one dog owns more than one bowl)
Plural: (more than one) Use an apostrophe after the s if you are talking about more than one person/thing owning
something. Ex. the dogs’ bowl (several dogs own one bowl) the dogs’ bowls (several dogs own several bowls)
Agreement: verbs must agree with the subject. Ex. The bird is singing. The birds are singing.
Interjection: a part of speech that expresses feeling or emotion. Ex. –Rats! We lost the game.
interjections.
Identify correctly and
incorrectly spelled
words
Vocabulary
601.1.14 Choose synonyms,
601.1.15
601.1.16
antonyms, and
homonyms.
Use context clues and my
experience with roots
and affixes to determine
the meaning of words
that have many
meanings.
Use context clues and my
experience with roots
and affixes to determine
the meaning of unfamiliar
words.
Synonym: means the same as another word
Antonym: means the opposite of another word
Homonym: words that have the name spelling and pronunciation but have a different meaning
Roots: the base word Ex. In the word unclear, clear is the root word.
Affixes: There are 2 categories of affixes – suffixes and prefixes. Suffixes come at the end of a word. Ex. dancer
Prefixes come at the beginning of a word. Ex. rethink
Most common prefixes: re- again or back, dis- reverses the meaning, over- too much, un-reverses the meaning,
mis- badly or wrongly, out-more or better than others
Most common suffixes: -ise cause to be, –en cause to be, –ate cause to be, –(i)fy cause to be
601.1.17 Use resources to find the
601.1.19
601.1.20
meanings of unknown
words.
Recognize grade level
words
Use root words, affixes,
syllabication, and spelling
patterns to understand
the meanings of words.
Dictionary: a book that give the definition, pronunciation, and part of speech of the word
Thesaurus: a book that gives synonyms for words
Glossary: a section in the back of a book that define words used in the book
Writing/Research
601.3.1
Decide why an author
writes
601.3.2
Decide the audience of a
selection
Choose an appropriate
thesis statement
601.3.3
601.3.4
601.3.5
601.3.6
601.3.7
601.3.8
Write an essay that is
sequenced logically.
Choose illustrations,
descriptions, and facts
that support a thesis.
Choose good supporting
sentences.
Pick out sentences the
interrupt the flow.
Use transition words to
help an essay flow.
Inform: to give information about a topic
Describe: to give descriptions and details
Explain: to explain why or how
Persuade: to get someone to do something or think something
Thesis Statement: It is typically the last sentence of an opening paragraph of an essay which expresses the main idea
of the entire essay. It states an argument and reasons for the argument. Ex. Middle school age students should
engage in ninety minutes of exercise per week to combat weigh problems, to encourage mental health, and to
promote heart health.
Supporting sentences: These sentences back up the main idea or sentence.
Transition word examples: after, as soon as, before, initially, now, then, when, immediately, meanwhile, later, since,
suddenly, afterwards, as, however, whenever, soon, subsequently, once, in the meantime, later on, in the beginning,
after awhile, when we finished, last thing, at last, just then, before long, in addition, furthermore, similarly, in fact,
601.3.9
601.3.10
601.3.11
601.3.12
601.4.1
601.4.2 ,
601.4.3,
&
601.4.4
601.4.5
Choose a good concluding
sentence for a paragraph.
Choose a good title for an
article.
Create a graphic
organizer.
Choose the best format
for writing
Choose a focused
research topic.
Rank resources according
to how reliability, decide
what type of resource is
needed for different
topics, and know the
difference between
primary and Secondary
sources
for that reason
Concluding sentence: sums up the entire paragraph or essay
Instructions, directions, letters, memos, e-mails, reports
Interviews: primary - someone was asked questions
Letters: primary
Diaries: primary -someone writes down thought and feelings
Newspapers: primary
Personal narratives: primary -someone tells a story in first person
Reference books: secondary
Periodicals: secondary – magazines or journals
Internet: secondary
Biography: secondary – written about someone
Decide which information
is not needed.
Communication/ Media
601.2.1
Identify the purpose of a
speech.
601.2.2
Identify the audience of a
speech.
Identify the thesis and
supporting details of a
601.2.3
Inform: to give information about a topic
Describe: to give descriptions and details
Explain: to explain why or how
Persuade: to get someone to do something or think something
Entertain: to get someone to enjoy
Thesis: It is the main idea of the speech.
601.2.4
601.2.5
601.2.6
601.2.7
601.2.8
601.7.1
601.7.2
601.7.3
601.7.4
601.7.5
601.7.6
speech.
Use appropriate
behaviors that cause a
team to work well
together.
Identify the roles of
members in a group.
Know how to engage an
audience during a speech
Organize your ideas for a
speech
Summarize a speech.
Choose mediums to make
your point.
Choose the best
illustration/ visual to go
with a presentation.
Identify the purpose of a
medium
Draw an inference from a
non-print medium.
Summarize the message
in a medium.
Identify different types of
conflict in non-print
medium.
1. contribute useful and appropriate ideas and information
2. state team goals and ask questions that clarify the goals
3. understand everyone’s role in the group
1. reporter
2. recorder
3. information gatherer
4. leader
5. timekeeper
Make eye contact: Be sure to look at your entire audience.
Adjust speaking rate: Speeding up or slowing down while speaking can engage an audience.
Medium: the way in which you present something Ex. Research paper, Powerpoint, speech, photo, drawing…
Inform: to give information about a topic
Explain: to explain why or how
Persuade: to get someone to do something or think something
Entertain: to get someone to enjoy
Non-print medium: Ex. Paintings, photographs, music
Person vs. person: Ex. 2 people arguing
Person vs. self: Ex. a dieter trying not to give into eating a large bowl of ice cream
Person vs. environment: Ex. a hiker lost in the woods during a snowstorm trying to survive
Person vs. technology: Ex. a person getting upset with a computer because it won’t do what she wants it to do.
Logic
601.5.1
601.5.2
Make predictions.
601.5.3
601.5.4
Identify cause and effect.
601.5.5
601.5.6
Complete an analogy.
601.5.7
Identify fact or opinion.
Identify ways to persuade
(propaganda).
Decide on the sequence
of events.
Make inferences and
draw conclusions.
Fact: based on evidence
Opinion: based on what someone thinks
Bandwagon: conveying the idea that everyone is joining in or buying a product
Loaded terms: giving many flowery terms to describe a product
Testimonial: explaining why the product has worked for them
Name-calling: name-calling the competitor
An analogy shows a relationship between words. Ex. Horse is to stall just like bear is den.
Making inferences or drawing conclusions: coming up with an idea that is not stated but it is based on evidence
Informational Text
601.6.1
601.6.2
601.6.3
601.6.4
601.6.5
601.6.6
601.6.7
Use questions to help
understand an article.
Identify the main idea
and supporting details.
Interpret text features.
When reading, ask yourself questions before, during, and after reading to help with understanding.
Use parts of the text to
help with understanding.
Headings: titles at the beginning of a section
Key words: words that are bolded in a section
Captions: information giving about images
Footnotes: information at the bottom of page that gives more information
Use text to back up
inferences, opinions,
predictions, and
conclusions.
Select the best summary.
Recognize that purpose
determines text format.
601.6.8
Choose the correct order
for instructions.
Literature
601.8.1
Identify different genres
(types) of writing
601.8.2
Identify the setting and
conflict of a passage.
Identify the main ideas of
plot
Identify the difference
between first and third
person.
Identify types of conflict.
601.8.3
601.8.4
601.8.5
601.8.6
601.8.7
Identify the theme.
601.8.8
Analyze the effects of
sound.
601.8.9
Identify patterns of
rhyme and rhythm.
Identify the author’s
purpose for writing.
601.8.10
Identify and analyze
figurative language.
Fiction: writing that is made up
Drama: writing in a play format
Nonfiction: writing that is factual
Poetry: writings that are usually short that are created for the emotions (some rhyme)
Setting: where and when the passage takes place
Conflict: the “problem” of a passage
Plot: how events in a story are related
First person: including yourself in a story (I, me, we, us…)
Third person: not including yourself in a story (him, her, she, them….)
Person vs. person: Ex. 2 people arguing
Person vs. self: Ex. a dieter trying not to give into eating a large bowl of ice cream
Person vs. environment: Ex. a hiker lost in the woods during a snowstorm trying to survive
Person vs. technology: Ex. a person getting upset with a computer because it won’t do what she wants it to do
Theme: the main idea, moral, or message. Ex. good versus evil
Hyberbole: an extreme exaggeration Ex. I have a million things to do today.
Simile: comparing with the words “like” or “as” Ex. Her smile is like sunshine.
Metaphor: comparing without the words “like” or “as” Ex. He is a bundle of energy.
Personification: giving lifelike qualities to something that is not alive Ex. The flower danced in the wind.
Accent: giving emphasis to a part of a word
Alliteration: repeating a consonant sound Ex. Terrific Teens Talk-out
Onomatopoeia: creating a word to represent a sound Ex. meow, swish
Repetition: repeating
Rhyme: having the same sound
Rhyme: having the same sound
Rhythm: the beat / emphasis of certain words
Inform: to give information about a topic
Describe: to give descriptions and details
Explain: to explain why or how
Persuade: to get someone to do something or think something
Entertain: to get someone to enjoy