Download Immigration and Nativism Large amount of new

Mr.Sherman's US History and Government Regent Review #3
Immigration and Nativism Large amounts of new immigrants come to America, these new immigrants face
discrimination from Nativists and KKK. Quota Laws and the Chinese Exclusion Act are good examples of the
Government restricting immigration.
Sacco & Vanzetti Italian immigrants sentenced to death for a crime, many believe it was because they were
immigrants and anarchists
The following are examples of how the regents exam will test your knowledge of this material.
1.What was the main reason the United States did not limit immigration during most of the 19th century?
1 Political parties wanted to gain new voters.
2 Most immigrants arrived with large amounts of capital to
invest in American industries.
3 The expanding economy needed a supply of cheap labor.
4 Immigrants were more willing to serve in the military than
native-born Americans.
2. The groups that comprised the majority of immigrants to the United States between 1890 and 1920 were called "new
immigrants" because they
1 were the last immigrants to enter the United States before
World War 1
2 settled in frontier areas of the country
3 stayed only for a short time before returning to their homelands
4 came from different regions of the world than most of the
groups who came before 1890
3. In the 1920's, the growth of the Ku Klux Klan and the passage of restrictive immigration laws reflected a growing
American belief in
1 nativism
3 imperialism
2 socialism
4 internationalism
4. Which event of the 1920's was most inconsistent with the racial and ethnic intolerance of the decade?
1 Red Scare
2 Harlem Renaissance
3 Sacco-Vanzetti trial
4 resurgence of the Ku Klux Klan
Base your answers to questions 5 and 6 on the quotation below and
on your knowledge of social studies.
"The quotas established by the immigration act of 1921 ... were unsatisfactory for two
reasons: they admitted too large a number of immigrants; they did not discriminate
sufficiently in favor of immigration from Northern and Western Europe."
- Henry Steele Commager
5. This quotation can be used to demonstrate the way in which the
United States Government was influenced by
1 nativism
3 humanitarianism
2 progressivism
4 containment
6. To achieve the goals stated in the quotation, Congress passed the Immigration Act of 1924, which provided for
1 an increase in the number of immigrants admitted annually
2 the elimination of most aspects of the quota system
3 a reduction in immigration from southern and eastern Europe
4 a return to an open immigration policy
7. In the late 1800's and early 1900's, most nativists feared continued immigration to the United States because they
believed that immigrants would
1 become the dominant groups in colleges and universities
2 lead anti-government protests
3 obtain the best farmland
4 work for cheaper wages
8. A primary aim of United States immigration policy in the 1920's was to
1 encourage immigration of well-educated and wealthy persons
2 increase the number of immigrants from Asia and Latin America
3 limit immigration from southern and eastern European nations
4 help solve the World War I refugee problem
9. The Chinese Exclusion Act, the Gentlemen's Agreement, and the National Origins Act all show that at times the
United States
1 opposed the principle of open immigration
2 supported the restriction of immigration from western Europe
3 encouraged immigrants who would provide cheap labor
4 favored immigration from all parts of the world
Issolationism and WWI & WWII The United States tries to stay out of both world Wars
Schenck V. US – Originated the principle of Clear and Present danger, could not encourage people to refuse to
fight in WWI
Washington’s Farwell address Warns the United States to avoid Entangled alliances
Treaty of Versailles Ended WWI The Senate refused to ratify the treay because of the league of Nations, even
though this was Wilson’s idea.
14 points Wilson’s idealistic plan to end WWI, only league of Nations was included in actual treaty
Lend Lease Prior to the US involvement in WWII FDR tried to help England by lending arms,
Abomb – The bomb was used to end WWII, begining of nuclear age
Internment Camps – During WWII Japanese Americans were forced into these camps. Korematsu V. US
Women and the wars Women who worked during the war began to take steps that led to increased economic
opportunity for women as well as played an important part in helping to win the war.
10. From 1914 to 1916, as World War I raged in Europe, Americans were not able to ''remain neutral in thought as well
as action" mainly because
1. United States membership in military alliances required the nation
to fight.
2. United States newspapers encouraged a policy of imperialist
expansion
3. the warring powers interfered with the United States right to
freedom of the seas.
4. President Woodrow Wilson supported the war aims of Germany
and Austria- Hungary.
11. Wilson's Fourteen Points called for
1. an agreement among nations to establish military alliances.
2. a return to Europe's prewar political status.
3. establishment of economic sanctions against the Central Powers.
4. the establishment of an organization to peacefully resolve
disputes. among member nations.
12. The main purpose for forming the League of Nations after World War I was
1. to bring about world peace.
2. to promote international trade.
3. to punish Germany for its role in the war.
4. to oppose the spread of isolationism.
13. Which social movement was most affected by World War I?
1 repealing Prohibition
2 ending restrictions on immigration
3 adopting women's suffrage
4 providing aid to the unemployed
14 After World War I, the opposition of some Members of Congress to the Versailles Treaty was based largely on the
idea that the Treaty
1. did not punish the Central Powers harshly enough.
2. did not give the United States an important role in world affairs.
3. would require the United States to join the League of Nations and
might result in a loss of United States sovereignty.
4. would require the United States to assume the cost of rebuilding
the war-torn European economies.
15. "The chief opponents of the Versailles Treaty were dead men: Washington, Jefferson, and Madison." This
statement suggests that U.S. opposition to the Versailles treaty was based on
1. the rejection of Wilson's Fourteen Points.
2. the fear that the treaty would violate the tradition of noninvolvement.
3. the belief that the treaty was too harsh on the Central Powers.
4. citizen dissatisfaction with U.S. participation in World War I..
16. After World War I most Americans wanted a foreign policy of
1. remaining neutral in European disputes.
2. supporting the League of Nations.
3. remaining isolated from world affairs.
4. using U.S. forces to maintain peace in Europe.
17. The U.S. isolationist trend following World War I reflected
a desire to continue progressive reforms.
2. a desire to end most trade with other nations.
3. the failure of the United States to gain new territory.
4. disillusionment over the decision to enter the war.
"The seeds of World War II were sown earlier in the 20th century.''
18. Which statement does this quotation most strongly support?
1. United States involvement in Europe after World War I created an
atmosphere of mistrust.
2. The United States was not successful in stopping Soviet expansion by
peaceful means.
3. The European democracies encouraged Adolf Hitler to rearm Germany.
4. The World War I peace settlement created bitterness and resentment.
19. A major reason for the isolationist trend in the United States following World War I was
1. a desire to continue the reforms of the Progressives.
2. the public’s desire to end most trade with other nations.
3. the failure of the United States to gain new territory.
4. a disillusionment over the failure to achieve United States goals in the
postwar world.
20. Which action best illustrates the policy of isolationism followed by the United States before it entered World War
11?
1. signing of a collective security pact with Latin American nations.
2. passage of neutrality legislation forbidding arms sales to warring
nations.
3. embargo on the sale of gasoline and steel to Japan.
4 President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s exchange of American destroyers for
British naval and air.
21. During the late 1930's, which factor most influenced the United States to change policies of isolationism and
neutrality?
1. concern about the aggressive behavior Germany, Italy, and Japan.
2. need to prevent the spread of communism by Soviet Union.
3. desire to strengthen the League of Nations.
4. need to provide vital sources of oil in the Middle East.
22. In the 1930's, the United States attempted to avoid a repetition of the events leading up to United States
involvement in World War I by
1. establishing the Good Neighbor policy with Latin American nations.
2. forgiving the foreign debts incurred during World War I.
3. officially recognizing the existence of the Soviet Union.
4. passing a series of neutrality laws.
23 "An attack on one shall be considered an attack on all." This statement summarizes the foreign policy known as
1. colonialism
2. nonalignment
3. appeasement
4. collective security
"Wilson Orders Controls on U.S. Industry To Fight War Against Germany",
''FDR OK’s Destroyer Deal with England To Fight Sub Threat," ''Truman
Orders Airlift of Supplies to Berlin."
24. Which generalization about governmental power in the United States is supported by these headlines?
1. Important Presidential decisions usually follow the results of public
opinion polls.
2. Presidential actions during international crises have increased
executive power.
3. Foreign policy is ultimately determined by Congress, power to allocate
funds.
4. Presidential power to act in wartime cannot be exercised without
bipartisan support.
25. Toward the end of World War II, the Servicemen's Readjustment Act (first GI bill, 1944) attempted to benefit
American society by
1 guaranteeing racial equality in the Armed Forces
2 providing educational and financial assistance to veterans
3 abolishing the draft during peacetime
4 strengthening the concept of civilian control of the military
26. The United States became the "arsenal of democracy" in the early 1940's because the United States
1. possessed the economic resources to produce massive amounts of war
material.
2. introduced a series of strict draft laws.
3. had established strong alliances with other countries during the 1920's
and the early 1930's.
4. relied on the nation’s strong tradition of militarism.
27. President Harry Truman justified using atomic bombs on Japan in 1945 on the grounds that the
1. world was ready for a demonstration of nuclear power.
2. Axis powers deserved total destruction.
3. early ending of the war would save many lives.
4. American public demanded that the bombs be used.
28. Which precedent was established by the Nuremberg war crimes trials?
1. National leaders can be held responsible for crimes against humanity.
2. Only individuals who actually commit murder during a war can be guilty of a crime.
3. Defeated nations cannot be forced to pay reparations.
4. Defeated nations can be occupied by the victors.
29. How did the personal diplomacy conducted by President Franklin D. Roosevelt during World War II affect the
Presidency?
1. Subsequent Presidents have refused to use this unsuccessful method.
2. The President’s role in shaping United States foreign policy was
strengthened.
3. The President’s war powers as Commander in Chief were sharply
reduced.
4. Congress increased its power over the executive branch
30.During World War II, women and minorities made economic gains mainly because
1. a shortage of traditional labor created new opportunities in the
workplace.
2. more educational opportunities increased the number of skilled workers
in these groups.
3. labor unions successfully demanded equal opportunities for these
groups.
4. new civil rights legislation forced businesses to change their hiring
practices.
31. A major cause of the internment of Japanese Americans during World War 11 was
1. national segregation policies.
2. immigration quotas.
3. racial prejudice.
4. economic depression.
32. The World War 11 experience of Japanese-American citizens is evidence that
1. individual liberties may be threatened by the perceived need for national
security.
2. constitutional rights are upheld equally in peacetime and in wartime.
3. Presidents should regard the national interest as more important than
human rights.
4. minorities are generally unwilling to help in a war effort.
Great depresion and New Deal
Federal Reserve – Started by Woodrow Wilson this institution sets interest rates and helps to control the
amount of money that is in circulation. (Alan Greenspan)
Boom Years – Prior to the stock market crash people during the 1920’s people made a great deal of money in
the stock market, this period is tipified by Flappers, Prohibition, Harlem Renaissance and wealth and reliance
on credit.
Speculation Buying stock or land in the hope that it’s value will rise. Buying on margin led to the fall of many
banks
New Deal programs – Understand that new deal programs influenced the governments role in the economy.
Social security, CCC, Securities and exchange. FDR tried to Prime pump the economy.
Court Packing Scheme After several new deal programs were declared unconstitutional (NRA) FDR tried to
add new judges to the supreme court. Good example of Checks and Balances.
Good Neighbor Policy – FDR’s foreign policy in which he tried create a better relationship with Latin America
(No more invasions)
FDR – Only president to serve more that 2 terms
33. A primary function of the Federal Reserve System is to
1 prevent abuses in stock market trading
2 preserve competition in business
3 provide a stable supply of money and credit
4 insure savings account deposits in member banks
34. After the election of 1932, a friend told President Franklin D.
Roosevelt that if he succeeded he would go down in history as the
greatest American President. Roosevelt replied, "Yet if I fail, I may
be the last one." This response reflected President Roosevelt's belief
that the
1 Constitution limited him to two terms in the Presidency
2 military was seriously considering a takeover of the government
3 Great Depression threatened the people's faith in democracy
4 American people were opposed to major changes in the role
of government
35. The "dust bowls" described by John Steinbeck in The Grapes of Wrath had the greatest impact on
1 residents of urban slums
2 workers in factory sweatshops
3 plantation owners in the rural south
4 farmers on the Great Plains
36. President Franklin D. Roosevelt's plan to increase the size of the Supreme Court reflected his desire to make the
Court
1 sympathetic to New Deal programs
2 committed to African-American rights
3 independent of Congress
4 responsive to business
37. A major goal of the New Deal was to
1 keep the United States out of war
2 provide work for the unemployed
3 conserve natural resources
4 establish wage and price controls
38.. The primary purpose of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's Good Neighbor policy was to
1 reduce United States military intervention in Latin America
2 use United States troops to stop Axis aggression in the Western
Hemisphere
3 help Latin American nations combat the effects of the Great
Depression
4 repeal the principles of the original Monroe Doctrine
39. During the New Deal period, Congress blocked President Franklin D. Roosevelt's attempt to
1 pay farmers not to produce crops
2 decrease Federal spending
3 regulate the banking industry
4 appoint additional justices to the Supreme Court
40. President Franklin D. Roosevelt's election to an unprecedented third term was most strongly influenced by
1 his policy on immigration
2 his popularity among business executives
3 the beginning of the Great Depression
4 the advent of World War II in Europe
41. Most conservatives who opposed President Franklin D. Roosevelt's
policies believed that the New Deal was
1 endangering the free enterprise system
2 threatening national security
3 ignoring problems faced by rural Americans
4 failing to enact needed social welfare reforms
42. Which aspect of the New Deal programs was most clearly a continuation of Progressive Era policies?
1 government regulation of business activities
2 restoration of the cultural and tribal traditions of Native American
Indians
3 free health care for all Americans
4 government purchase of surplus farm products
43. A major goal of the Government in creating the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and the Federal
Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) was to
1 increase the government's tax revenue
2 provide jobs for the unemployed
3 restore the public's faith in financial institutions
4 stimulate economic growth
Civil rights
Brown v. Board of Ed – Important supreme court case that reversed the plessy v. Ferguson decision,
desegregating public schools.
Truman and the military As president Truman desegregated the armed forces
Begining of the Cold War – The cold war begins with issues like the Marshall plan, Truman doctrine,
Eisenhower doctrine, U-2 incident, Berlin Wall, Domino theory, Korea
Mccartheism At home McCartthy ran ‘witch hunts ‘ for communists
44. The Truman Doctrine was originally designed to
1 stop the proliferation of nuclear weapons
2 contain communism by giving aid to Greece and Turkey
3 use the United Nations as a tool to eliminate threats posed by
the Soviet Union
4 rebuild Southeast Asia by extending economic aid
45. The constitutional basis for the 1954 decision of the Supreme Court in Brown v. Board of Education is the
guarantee of
1 freedom of assembly
2 due process of law
3 state control of interstate commerce
4 equal protection of the law
46. What was the significance of the use of Federal marshals to protect African-American students in Little Rock,
Arkansas, in 1957?
1 It was the first time martial law had been declared in the United
States.
2 It led to Federal takeover of many Southern public schools.
3 it strengthened control of education by state governments.
4 It showed that the Federal Government would enforce court
decisions on integration.
"There shall be a loyalty investigation of every person entering the civilian employment of any department or agency
of the Executive Branch of the Federal Government." - The Truman Loyalty Order, March 22, 1947 President Harry
47. Truman issued this Executive order in response to the
1 fear of Communist Party influence in government
2 election of Socialist Party representatives to Congress
3 discovery of spies in defense industries
4 arrest and trial of high-ranking government employees for terrorism
48. Immediately after World War II, the relationship between the United States and the Soviet Union became strained
because
1 both nations were competing for supremacy in space exploration
2 the United States prevented the Soviet Union from joining the United
Nations
3 each nation believed that the other was a threat to its national security
4 the United States used military forces in Cuba and South Vietnam
49. Today, the term "McCarthyism" is used to describe the practice of
1 removing members of Congress for abuses of power
2 investigating civil service employees for corruption
3 accusing a person of subversive activities without sufficient evidence
4 using illegal means to obtain evidence in criminal trials
50. In the late 1940's, an American statesman made this comment.
"There is nothing [the Soviets] admire so much as strength, and there is nothing for which
they have less respect than for weakness, especially military weakness."
This perception of the Soviet Union by United States leaders contributed
most to the creation of the
(1) Lend-Lease policy
(2) North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
(3) United Nations
(4) GI bill
51. President Harry Truman advanced the cause of civil rights for African
Americans by
1 ordering the desegregation of the Armed Forces
2 appointing the first African American to the Supreme Court
3 supporting the ratification of the 14th and 15th amendments
4 establishing affirmative action policies for industry
52. The circumstances surrounding the Red Scare after World War I and
the blacklisting of certain actors and writers during the McCarthy Era
show that
1. even in a society guided by constitutional rights, mass hysteria can
effectively deny people due process of law.
2. no matter what influenced the times, the United States has
consistently applied the guarantees of the Bill of Rights.
3. demands of minorities for racial equality have been increasingly
ignored in the 20th century.
4. the courts are rarely influenced by public fears and political
events.
53. In the 1950's, Senator Joseph McCarthy was most closely associated
with issues related to
I. Communist infiltration and the denial of civil liberties.
2. farm problems and taxation.
3. military preparedness and foreign aid.
4. collective bargaining and the rights of unions.
54. McCarthyism resulted from
1. outrage over government corruption.
2. fear concerning internal security.
3. protest against government control of television.
4. opposition to U.S. foreign policy.