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Basic Math Rules Review ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION OF DECIMALS Rule: When adding or subtracting decimals, place the numbers in a column with the decimal point aligned Solution: MULTIPLICATION AND DIVISION OF DECIMALS Rule: When multiplying decimal numbers the product contains as many decimal places as the sun 1.256 0.12 +12.3 1.256 0.120 +12.300 13.676 13.676 Zeros may be added behind the last digit if desired of the decimal laces in the numbers being multiplied. Example: P:ult?ply 22.3 y 4.12 solution: The number 22.3 X 4.12 446 Put the decimal three 223 places to the left to 892 91876 give: 91.876 Answer: 22.3 X,4.12 = 91.876 Solution: Example: Divide 3.5 divided 2.5 = 2.5/3.5 = 1.4 When the divisor is a 35. 0/25 decimal number it 35-25=10 must be converted to 10 add 0= 100 a whole number by 100-100=0 moving the decimal Answer: 2.5/3.5 = 1.4 Rule: To change a fraction to a decimal, the numerator is divided by the denominator. Simplifying Complex Fractions In complex fractions, the numerator, the denominator, or both contain a fraction. The complex fraction is converted into a simple fraction, and mixed number, a decimal number, or a whole number when it is simplified. Rule: To simplify a complex fraction, invert the denominator and multiply the numerator by the denominator. The steps used to simply the complex fraction are illustrated below: A. B. 1 tab 1gr is the same as 1 tab x 1gr 3 3 1 tab x 3 is What you get if you invert then multiply 1gr 1 tab C. C. 1 tab 3 replaces 1gr lgr 3 X Therefore: Substitute the simplified fo: m of the expression into the equation in place of the complex function. Substitute the simplified form of the expression into the equation in place of the complex function ROUNDING NUMBERS If the last digit in a number is 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9 increase the digit in front of it by one. If the last digit is 1, 2, 3, 4, then drop the last digit. With decimal numbers it is often necessary to round to the nearest tenth, hundredth, or thousandth. If the answer is to be left in tenths you must work the problem out to hundredths then round back. If the answer is to be left in whole numbers then you must work the problem to tenths then round back. In this unit work all problems with an answer less than one (I) to three decimal places but leave the answer in two decimal places. If the answer is more than one, work the problem out to two decimal places and leave the answer in one decimal.