Download World History Spring Final Review

World History Spring Final Review
French Revolution2% of France’s population belonged to the 1st and 2nd Estates
98% of France’s population belonged to the 3rd Estate
During the Reign of Terror, which was imposed by the Committee on Public Safety, no
one was safe from the guillotine.
Proposed taxation of the 2nd Estate led to the first meeting of the Estates General in 175
years.
Industrial RevolutionIncreased output of machine made goods that began in England during the 18th century
Created jobs for workers
Increased a nation’s wealth
Increased production goods
BUT
Decreased living conditions in cities
Decreased factory working conditions
Decreased life expectancy of the average worker
Decreased preservation of the environment
Textile production was the first area to undergo major industrialization.
Industrialization caused the population in the cities grow faster that the housing supply.
ImperialismBritain took control of the Suez Canal in Egypt because Egypt was unable to pay its
foreign debt.
India was called the “Jewel in the Crown” because it was the most valuable of all
Britain’s colonies.
The major source of wealth in Africa was the continent’s mineral resources.
Queen Liliuokalani was the last monarch of Hawaii.
The term Raj is used to refer to the period of Indian history during the which India was
dominated by Britain.
WWIThe American Public believed that the US should stay out of European affairs, therefore,
they did not want to join the League of Nations at the end of WWI.
Unrestricted submarine warfare was Germany’s policy to sink and ship in German waters
without warning.
The Balkan region was known as the “powder keg” of Europe. The assassination of Franz
Ferdinand, heir to the throne of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, in Sarajevo, was the spark
that ignited the powder keg and began WWI (Great War).
Trench warfare was intended to protect soldiers from enemy gunfire on the front lines. It
was used mostly on the Western Front.
WWI was a “total war” because the nations involved devoted all their resources to it.
Woodrow Wilson proposed the “general association of nations” that would later become
the League of Nations.
Heavy use of propaganda during WWI was intended to influence public opinion about
the war.
Rationing was designed to limit purchases of consumer goods.
Pogroms in late 19th century Russia violently persecuted Jews.
WWIIDwight D. Eisenhower was the supreme commander of the Western Allied Forces in
Europe. He would later become President of the U.S.A.
D-Day=Allied invasion of France at Normandy
The main targets of Japanese kamikaze pilots were ships.
In 1939, the Soviet Union signed a non-aggression pact with Germany
Isoroku Yamamoto is famous for masterminding the Japanese naval strategy used during
The goal of Hitler’s “Final Solution” was the genocide of people who the Nazi’s
considered inferior-Jews, Gypsies, homosexuals, etc.
During WWII, the Japanese were trying to build a Pacific Empire by taking over U.S.,
British, and French territories.
December 7, 1941, is described as a day which will live in infamy because it marks the
attack on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.
Russian soldiers suffered the most casualties during WWII.
Douglas MacArthur was the mastermind of the “island-hopping” strategy used during
WWII.
Cold WarThe Truman Doctrine was created to support countries that rejected Communism.
The region behind the “iron curtain” included the Soviet Union and its satellite nations.
Stalin’s unfulfilled promise of free elections contributed to the breakdown of the alliance
between the U.S. and the Soviet Union.
The Bay of Pigs was a failed attempt to overthrow Fidel Castro.
In 1979, the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan.
A key idea in the free-market system is the refusal to interfere in either domestic or
international economic matters.
Agricultural RevolutionCrop rotation increased crop yield by increasing nutrients in the soil.
The process of enclosure increased farming efficiency. Enclosures became landmarks of
wealthy landowners.
Landowners experiment with new agricultural methods.
Many small farmers became tenant farmers or moved to cities.
Random FactsAdam Smith wrote, “The Wealth of Nations.” It was a book in which he defended the
free-market system.
Third world country=developing nation=countries not aligned with the US. or the Soviet
Union
Islamic revolutionaries held more than 60 Americans hostage for over a year in Iran.
The French Revolution and the Napoleonic Wars hurt the process of Industrialization in
Europe.
France was represented at the Paris Peace Conference by Georges Clemenceau.
Albert Einstein’s theory of relativity replaced Newton’s laws of motions and gravity.
Democratic reforms in Great Britain:
Gave most adult males the right to vote by 1884
Caused monarchs to become symbolic rulers with no political power
Shifted power to the House of Commons
Before the Reform Act of 1832, the only British citizens who could vote were
landowners.
Cultural conflicts between the British and the French influenced the formation of Upper
and Lower Canada.
Most Irish emigrants went to the US during the Great Famine.
The independence movement in Latin America was spearheaded by the Creoles.
Mary Shelley wrote Frankenstein, an early gothic horror story about monster created
from corpses.
The work of Louis Pasteur was important in the history of medicine because he
discovered that bacteria caused diseases.
The Indian Removal Act of 1830 was responsible for the Trail of Tears.
Define/Describe:
Plebiscite
Entrepreneur
Manifest Destiny
Militarism
Nuremberg Trials
Coup d’etat
Lycees
Corporation
Bastille Day
Laissez Faire
Natural Selection (test hint-this is what the theory of evolution is based on)
Racism
Totalitarian state
Lend-Lease Act
Bataan Death March
Bitzkrieg
Stock market crash of 1929 (what did it cause?)
Auschwitz
Shaka Zulu
Fourteen Points
Sepoy
Atlantic Charter
Utilitarianism
Command economy
Bolsheviks
Emancipation Proclamation
Dreyfus Affair
Who were the Boers?