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MIDDLE AGES: GERMANIC ATTACKS, KINGDOMS, AND EMPIRE UNDER CHARLEMAGNE
Standard: SSWH7a Explain …feudalism; include the …importance of Charlemagne.
Essential Questions: How did Germanic culture lay the groundwork for feudalism?
What impact did Charlemagne have on the Germanic Kingdoms?
Middle Ages or Medieval Period—500-1300 CE
Usually divided into two parts: Dark Ages [500-1000 CE] and High Middle Ages [1000-1300]
Germanic people who overran Rome were
warriors, farmers, and herders. They were
governed by unwritten laws and customs and
ruled by elected kings.
How did they differ from the Roman
Empire?_______________________________
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I.
Germanic Invasions result in political collapse of Roman Empire and ruin of its economic and social system. There was no
longer any unifying government. In response, political and social systems emerged, such as feudalism and manorialism.
a. Decline in Trade, Industry, and Towns
1.
2.
3.
4.
b.
c.
Decline in Learning and Culture
1.
2.
3.
4.
d.
BIG IDEA
Decline of Strong Central Government
1.
2.
3.
4.
During the Middle Ages:
 There was disorder after the collapse
of Rome
 Wealthy landowners dominated
society and provided people with
protection
 People relied on the Christian Church
for spiritual and political guidance
 Achievements in art and architecture
centered around Christianity
Charlemagne: From Kingdoms to an Empire
1.
Warfare _________________________________
________________________________________
2.
Government______________________________
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3.
Education _______________________________
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“The barbarians have broken through the ramparts (fortifications). The Moors invasions have spread in successive waves over the
South. The Hungarians swarm over the Eastern provinces…they sacked town and village, and laid waster the fields. They burned
down the churches and then departed with a crowd of captives…There is no longer any trade, only unceasing terror…The peasant
has abandoned his ravaged fields to avoid the violence of anarchy. The people have gone to [hide] in the depths of the forests or in
inaccessible regions, or have taken refuge in the high mountains.. Society has no longer any government…”
Source: Historian Frantz-Bretano’s account of Ninth and Tenth Century Europe (Heinmann, 1922, p.1-3)
1a What were conditions like in Europe after the fall of Charlemagne?
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1b How would you describe the government—centralized or decentralized, why?
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1c What would you have to do to protect yourself?
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Treaty of Verdun—843 CE
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Holy Roman Empire. This map shows the Holy Roman Empire at its height. During the
1000's, the Holy Roman Empire extended from the North Sea to the Mediterranean
Sea.