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8th Grade Final Review Sheet Answers 3 41. Which document said the “all men are created equal”? Declaration of Independence 42. Which feature of the constitution prevents one branch of the national government from becoming too powerful? Checks and balances 43. The purpose of the Lewis and Clark expedition was to explore land gained through the what? Louisiana Purchase 44. What was the main effect of the Supreme Court decision in Marbury v. Madison? Establish the power of the Court to declare a law unconstitutional 45. What were the results of the war of 1812? (For the US) maintained its independence from Great Britain. 46. What was the project, completed in 1825, which resulted from Governor DeWitt Clinton’s plan to link the Hudson River to the Midwest? Erie Canal 47. What do Mexican Cession, Gadsden Purchase, Oregon Treaty and Annexation of Texas have to do with? Manifest Destiny 48. Why did southern states pass literacy tests, poll taxes and grandfather clauses? Limit the rights of formerly enslave persons 49. Why are Jacob Riis and Upton Sinclair considered muckrakers? Exposed corruption and abuses in society 50. How were the temperance movement and the women’s suffrage movement similar? Achieved reform by supporting a constitutional amendment 51. What made the United States an imperialist nation? Acquired overseas territories 52. Which document contains President Woodrow Wilson’s call to create the League of Nations? Fourteen Points 53. What was one reason that national Prohibition failed? Many Americans did not support the law 54. How did the United States respond to the attack on Pearl Harbor? Declared war on Japan 55. What is inflation? 56. Who is best known as a major leader of the 1960s civil rights movement? Martin Luther King Jr. 57. Why did President Kennedy and President Johnson send troops into Vietnam? Limit the spread of communism 58. What were the reasons for European exploration of the Americas? Quest for a trade route to East Asia, search for gold, desire to spread religious beliefs 59. What era are the following items from? Fads/Flappers, Harlem Renaissance, Charles Lindbergh and Stock Market Crash “Roaring Twenties” 60. Victory gardens, rationing, scrap drives and bond drives have to do with what event? Home front efforts during WWII 61. What was the most direct result of the Watergate break-in? resignation of President Richard Nixon 62. Put the following wars in order: Mexican War-2, Civil War-3, Revolutionary War -1, Korean War -4 63. Levittown, Montgomery Bus boycott and Baby Boom are all associated with what decade? 1950s