Download Cell Structure and Function Review

Cell Structure and Function Questions
1. The maximum size to which a cell may grow is limited mainly by the cell's SURFACE
AREA TO VOLUME RATIO
2. Short, hair-like organelles that can move and may cover a unicellular organism or line
the respiratory tract are called ________CILIA_______.
3. Some Ribosomes are free in the cytoplasm, while others line the membrane of the
ROUGH ER.
4. Everything between the plasma membrane and the nucleus, is the cell's
________CYTOPLASM________.
5. All cells, from all organisms, are surrounded by a ___CELL MEMBRANE__.
6. Plasma membranes are _____FLUID_____ and have the consistency of vegetable oil.
7. The organelle that stores DNA and synthesizes RNA _____NUCLEUS___.
8. The organelle that processes and packages substances produced by the cell __GOLGI
BODIES__.
9. The ____NUCLEUS_____ is the control center of the cell.
10. The DNA in the form of a long strand is called _____CHROMATIN___.
11. Cytoplasm consists of two main components: ___FLUID__ and _ORGANELLES__.
12. The plamsa membrane functions like a __GATE__, controlling what
___ENTERS___ and ____LEAVES____ the cell.
13. The nucleus is surrounded by a double layer membrane called the __NUCLEAR
MEMBRANE___.
14. The nucleoli make ____RIBOSOMES__. Which in turn build proteins.
15. Plasma membranes are made mostly of __LIPIDS__ and PROTEINS______.
16. The _CELL__ is the smallest unit that can carry out all of the processes of life.
17. The maximum size to which a cell may grow is limited mainly by the cell's SA/VOL
RATIO__.
18. Organisms whose cells never contain a membrane bound nucleus are called
_PROKARYOTES_.
19. Suspended in the cell's cytosol are tiny ___ORGANELLES_____.
20. Chromosomes in the nucleus contain coded__DNA_ that control all cellular activity.
21. When a cell prepares to reproduce the ____NUCLEUS__ disappears.
22. Cytosol is a jelly-like mixture that consists mostly of __WATER___.
23. In Eukaryotic cells, most organelles are surrounded by a ____MEMBRANE___.
24. Organisms whose cells contain a nucleus or nuclei are called EUKARYOTES__.
25. Bacteria have a single __CHROMOSOME___; some cells have more than one.
26. The "Blueprints" in a Cell that controls all its activity are the
___DNA…CHROMOSOMES__.
27. A cell synthesizes protein by using organelles called _RIBOSOMES__.
28. The Mitochondria of a cell contain an inner membrane called _CRISTAE__.
29. What are the membrane-bound sacs that package and secrete cell products?GOLGI
BODIES
30. Unlike animal cells, plant cells have a CELL WALL_________.
31. A Chloroplast can convert CO2, WATER, AND LIGHT ENERGY INTO
GLUCOSE__________.
32. What are Flagella? LONG WHIP LIKE TAIL USED FOR MOVEMENT
33. In animal cells, the Cytoskeleton maintains__SHAPE__.
34. The organelle that digest molecules, and foreign substances in the cell
_LYSOSOME_____.
35. The organelle that prepares proteins for export and synthesizes steroids is GOLGI
BODIES
36. What type of cells would you expect to find large numbers of mitochondria?
MUSCLE
37. The "Powerhouse" of the cell ____________MITOCHONDRIA__________.
38. Short, hairlike organelles that can move ____CILIA_____.
39. The is the organelle that transfers energy in ATP _MITOCHONDRIA__
40. The outer boundary of the cell is called __CELL MEMBRANE _________.
41. The interior of the cell is called the ___PROTOPLASM OR CYTOPLASM_.
42. The internal compartment that houses the DNA is called the _NUCLEUS__.
43. The cellular structure on which proteins are made is _RIBOSOMES__.
44. Cilia and __FLAGELLA__ are structures that enable cell movement
45. Ribosomes are found on the ___ROUGH__ endoplasmic reticulum.
46. Refer to the illustration above. The diagram shows the __LIPID BILAYER___
47. The ratio of surface area to ___VOLUME_ puts limitations on a cell’s size.
48. Eukaryotic cells are much larger and have more specialized functions than
prokaryotic cells because they contain __ORGANELLES___, which carry out
specialized activities.
49. A cell with a well-defined nucleus and cytoplasm surrounded by a plasma membrane
is a(n) ____EUKARYOTIC___ cell.
50. A plasma membrane is said to be ___SELECTIVELY___ permeable because it
allows the passage of some solutes and not others.
51. The spherical organelles that are the site of protein synthesis in a cell are the
_RIBOSOME_.
52. Photosynthesis takes place in the __CHLOROPLAST__ of plant cells.
53. Both plant and animal cells have plasma membranes. In addition, plant cells are
surrounded by a(n) _CELL WALL__.
54. Structure number 1 is ________ER______.
55. Structure number 2 is _____NUCLEUS_______.
56. Structure number 3 is ____MITOCHONDRIA__.
57. Structure number 4 is ____CELL MEMBRANE_____.
58. Structure number 5 is ______GOLGI BODIES____.