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Lab Practice 10 Global History and Geography II Name: _______________________ E. Napp Date: _______________________ 1- During the Age of Absolutism (1600s and 1700s), European monarchs tried to (1) increase individual rights for their citizens (2) develop stronger relations with Islamic rulers (3) encourage the growth of collective farms (4) centralize political power within their nations 2-The spread of Buddhist ideas and customs to China and Southeast Asia was the result of (1) the Mandate of Heaven (2) economic dependence (3) cultural diffusion (4) the civil service system 3- The Renaissance in western Europe is best described as a period marked by (1) unquestioned reliance on the teachings of Aristotle (2) an advance of Muslim culture (3) Christian unity throughout the region (4) great intellectual and artistic creativity 4- China under the Han dynasty and the Roman Empire were similar in that both grew wealthy because they (1) developed extensive trade networks (2) created classless societies (3) encouraged democratic ideals (4) established free-market economies 5- Hunting and gathering, subsistence agriculture, and the barter system are characteristics of a (1) market economy (2) command economy (3) traditional economy (4) mixed economy 6- What was one effect of the French Revolution? (1) Differences between ethnic groups were eliminated. (2) Communism became popular. (3) Militarism was discouraged. (4) Nationalistic feelings were stimulated. 7- One way in which Pax Romana and Pax Mongolia are similar is that both were characterized by (1) political stability (2) unifying religious institutions (3) representative forms of government (4) social equality for men and women 8- The Twelve Tables were the written laws of (1) ancient Babylonia (2) the Mauryan Empire (3) the British Empire (4) ancient Rome 9- One way in which the English Magna Carta (1215), the French Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen (1789), and the Japanese Constitution (1947) are similar is that all these documents (1) limited the power of the monarch (2) provided for universal suffrage (3) created a theocracy (4) equalized taxes 10- Simón Bolívar, José de San Martin, and Toussaint l’Ouverture are best known as (1) scientists who supported the heliocentric theory (2) leaders of Latin American independence movements (3) early Spanish explorers of the New World (4) communist leaders of the 19th century Complete the Storyboard: The Congress of Vienna After the defeat of Napoleon, European ministers and rulers met at the Congress of Vienna to redraw the boundaries of Europe. The great powers of Europe Great Britain, Prussia, Russia, and Austria dominated the Congress. They restored many former rulers and borders. In places, like Belgium and Poland, this meant ignoring popular feelings. These changes brought Europe back in some measure to the way it had been before the French Revolution. Under the leadership of Austria’s Prince Metternich, the statesmen at Vienna also sought to establish a balance of power. This term referred to a system in which the chief powers of Europe were roughly equal in military strength. A balance of power meant that no single power like France could dominate the others. To further prevent future French domination or the spread of democratic revolutions in Europe, the four major powers formed an alliance. The French Revolution ignited the spirit of nationalism or the belief that each ethnic group is entitled to its own government and homeland. The statesmen at Vienna were intent on crushing nationalist feelings. In 1848, the revolutionary fever again gripped Europe. However, the revolutions outside of France were put down within the year by the armies of Austria, Russia, and Prussia. Nonviolence and Independence: Mohandas K. Gandhi Mohandas K. Gandhi (1869-1948) was the nationalist leader of India’s independence movement. As a nonviolent activist, Gandhi believed that Indians should not cooperate with injustice. Instead Indians should break unjust laws, the unjust laws of British imperialism. However, while Gandhi was strongly opposed to British imperialism, he did not believe that the ends justified the means. Therefore, Gandhi never used violent actions. Gandhi believed that through nonviolent actions, individual attitudes and ultimately, government policies would change. Prior to his activism in India, Gandhi fought discrimination in South Africa. Gandhi’s actions changed world history. Gandhi led India to independence and inspired future activists, including Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Primary Source: BROADCAST TO AMERICA on CBS network from Kingsley Hall, Sept 13th “In my opinion, the Indian Conference bears in its consequences not only upon India but upon the whole world. India is by itself almost a continent. It contains onefifth of the human race. It represents one of the most ancient civilizations. It has traditions handed down from tens of thousands of years, some of which, to the astonishment of the world, remain intact. If India is to perpetuate the glory of her ancient past, it can do so only when it attains freedom. The reason for the struggle having drawn the attention of the world, I know does not lie in the fact that we Indians are fighting for our liberty, but in the fact that the means adopted by us for attaining that liberty are unique and, as far as history shows us, have not been adopted by any other people of whom we have any record. The means adopted are not violence, not bloodshed, not diplomacy as one understands it nowadays, but they are purely and simply truth and non-violence. No wonder that the attention of the world is directed towards this attempt to lead a successful, bloodless revolution.” Questions: 1: Who was Mohandas K. Gandhi? ________________________________________________________________________ 2: What did Gandhi want to achieve? ________________________________________________________________________ 3: How did Gandhi want to achieve his goal? ________________________________________________________________________ 4: What significant American activist did Gandhi influence? ________________________________________________________________________ 5: According to Gandhi’s speech, why must India be free? ________________________________________________________________________ Outline the Thematic Essay: Theme: Human and Physical Geography (Geographic Impact on Societies) Geographic factors such as land features, resources, location, and climate of nations and regions affect how people live. Task: • Select one geographic factor that influenced life in a nation or region before A.D. 1500, and using specific examples, discuss the influence of that geographic factor on the people of that nation or region • Select a different geographic factor that influenced life in a nation or region after A.D. 1500, and using specific examples, discuss the influence of that geographic factor on the people of that nation or region Suggestions: Nile River in Egypt, the mineral wealth of Africa, the monsoons in South Asia, oil in the Middle East, Japan’s location near China, the plains of Northern Europe, rain forests in Latin America, and mountains in eastern Europe Divide the box and outline the essay: From the Global History and Geography Regents: How did nationalism affect the German states and the Austro–Hungarian Empire? __________________________________________________________________________ According to these maps, how did nationalism affect the continent of Africa between 1952 and 1975? ________________________________________________________________________