• Study Resource
  • Explore
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Backing up of Database using RMAN on ORACLE
Backing up of Database using RMAN on ORACLE

... day, 7 days a week, or have become so large that a cold backup would take too long, Oracle provides for online (hot) backups to be made while the database is open and being used. To perform a hot backup, the database must be in ARCHIVELOG mode. Unlike a cold backup, in which the whole database is us ...
Database System Concepts
Database System Concepts

... A transaction is a collection of operations that performs a single logical function in a database application Transaction-management component ensures that the database remains in a consistent (correct) state despite system failures (e.g., power failures and operating system crashes) and transaction ...
Databases - JB on programming
Databases - JB on programming

... Isolation Levels, Read Phenomena and Locks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
transactions, database tuning, and advanced topics
transactions, database tuning, and advanced topics

... Kill-wait strategy comes in second, but is better if deadlock detection itself is expensive. Also, in interactive environments where think times are long, deadlock detection can cause excessive blocking (even in absence of deadlock, a person may be very slow). May try to optimize kill-wait as follow ...
Query-by-Example (QBE)
Query-by-Example (QBE)

... Query By Example (GQBE)  GQBE differs from QBE in the following ways ...
Tuning the Writes
Tuning the Writes

... 1. Must force the log record for an update to disk before the corresponding data page is stolen. Guarantees Atomicity (undo) 2. Must write to disk all log records for a transaction before it commits. Guarantees Durability (undo & redo) The log is used to (a) abort transactions and (b) perform crash ...
26-Mar - University of Pennsylvania
26-Mar - University of Pennsylvania

... Means of Handling Failures  There are many (especially, financial) applications where we want to create atomic operations that either commit or roll back  This is one of the most basic services provided by database management systems, but we want to do it in a broader sense  Part of “ACID” semant ...
Object operations benchmark
Object operations benchmark

... disk access. We believe there is a place fbr a database system gap between these two systems, performing close to 1,000 second on typical How this ...
Using Fact-Finding Techniques
Using Fact-Finding Techniques

... We can interview to collect information from individuals face-to-face. There can be several objectives to using interviewing, such as finding out facts, verifying facts, clarifying facts, generating enthusiasm, getting the end-user involved, identifying requirements, and gathering ideas and opinions ...
CORBA Services
CORBA Services

...  Corba Communication Models  CORBA Services  CORBA Naming Service  CORBA Transaction Service  CORBA Concurrency Service Copyright Karsten Schulz Terp-Nielsen ...
JDBC Statements
JDBC Statements

... System.out.println("Table Creation Example!"); Connection con = null; ...
File - Anuj Parashar
File - Anuj Parashar

... gets logged, a lot of redo would be generated.  TRUNCATE instead, but remember it’s a DDL and would commit your data.  Let the GTT empty themselves automatically after a commit or whenever session terminates. ...
FAQ: MTS Databases and Transactions
FAQ: MTS Databases and Transactions

... A database that provides an interface other than ODBC must do the following to support Microsoft Transaction Server: ...
Java Database
Java Database

... The JDBC-to-ODBC bridge driver connects Java programs to Microsoft ODBC (Open Database Connectivity) data sources. The Java 2 Software Development Kit from Sun Microsystems, Inc. includes the JDBC-to-ODBC bridge driver (sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver). This driver typically requires the ODBC driver to ...
A Survey of Schema Evolution in Object
A Survey of Schema Evolution in Object

... research can be identified as requirements for database semantic integrity, schema evolvability, and application compatibility. 2.1. Semantic integrity A schema-design methodology is responsible for specifying the object semantic integrity. That is a set of constraint rules for maintaining the consi ...
An Architecture for Homogenizing Federated Databases
An Architecture for Homogenizing Federated Databases

... and current software, such as relational DBMS. The migration of legacy IS to very flexible modern computing environment is an important undertaking that we will address in this paper. One of the main difficulties in supporting global applications over a number of localized databases and migrating le ...
Chapter 21:Application Development and Administration
Chapter 21:Application Development and Administration

... ©Silberschatz, Korth and Sudarshan See www.db-book.com for conditions on re-use ...
lecture1424712798
lecture1424712798

... Inconsistency: Logical mismatch of data in files Especially caused due to changes. Atomicity: There may be partial updates in files. Data Program dependence: Changes in program structure required to incorporate new data type. Changes in file structure lead to changes in the application program struc ...
Discovery and  Maintenance  of  Functional Dependencies by  Independencies
Discovery and Maintenance of Functional Dependencies by Independencies

... hash-function in order to avoid redundant computations. However, he does not use a complete inference relation even regarding functional dependencies. Also do Dehaspeet al. because their inferences are based on ® subsumption. In addition, the verification is based on theorem proving which is not sui ...
Database Programming Languages (DBPL-5)
Database Programming Languages (DBPL-5)

... The proposed approach could be implemented simply by defining state representation in the language, primitive database operators, and state combinators to construct complex database operators. Even a very simple query, however, must be coded as a series of primitive operations in a single state-tran ...
The Architecture of an Active Data Base Management System
The Architecture of an Active Data Base Management System

... evaluation transaction is created for each rule. For rules with the sameevent and E-C coupling mode, the condition evaluation transaction will executeconcurrently. Similarly, for rules with the sameevent and C-A coupling, the action execution transactions will execute concurrently. Thus there is no ...
Chapter 1
Chapter 1

... - The WHERE clause could specify more than one row of the table - The DROP Command - To delete whole databases or complete tables DROP (TABLE | DATABASE) [IF EXISTS] name DROP TABLE IF EXISTS States ...
Aggregate Queries in NoSQL Cloud Data Stores
Aggregate Queries in NoSQL Cloud Data Stores

... widespread usage of cluster and on-demand computing on the Cloud. The shift from expensive state-of-the-art machines to inexpensive commodity hardware necessitates rethinking web application models from resource provisioning to storage engines in order to allow for user base expansions and handling ...
Eloquence: HP 3000 IMAGE Migration
Eloquence: HP 3000 IMAGE Migration

... Eloquence is a TurboIMAGE compatible database that runs on HP-UX, Linux and Windows.Eloquence supports all the TurboIMAGE intrinsics, almost all modes, and they behave identically. HP 3000 applications can usually be ported with no or only minor changes. Compatibility goes beyond intrinsic calls (an ...
Search Engine and Metasearch Engine
Search Engine and Metasearch Engine

... for finding the m most similar documents across multiple databases with respect to a given query for some integer m. The ranking of the databases is based on the estimated similarity of the most similar document in each database. Our experimental results indicate that on the average more than 90% o ...
< 1 ... 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 ... 64 >

Commitment ordering

Commitment ordering (CO) is a class of interoperable serializability techniques in concurrency control of databases, transaction processing, and related applications. It allows optimistic (non-blocking) implementations. With the proliferation of multi-core processors, CO has been also increasingly utilized in concurrent programming, transactional memory, and especially in software transactional memory (STM) for achieving serializability optimistically. CO is also the name of the resulting transaction schedule (history) property, which was originally defined in 1988 with the name dynamic atomicity. In a CO compliant schedule the chronological order of commitment events of transactions is compatible with the precedence order of the respective transactions. CO is a broad special case of conflict serializability, and effective means (reliable, high-performance, distributed, and scalable) to achieve global serializability (modular serializability) across any collection of database systems that possibly use different concurrency control mechanisms (CO also makes each system serializability compliant, if not already).Each not-CO-compliant database system is augmented with a CO component (the commitment order coordinator—COCO) which orders the commitment events for CO compliance, with neither data-access nor any other transaction operation interference. As such CO provides a low overhead, general solution for global serializability (and distributed serializability), instrumental for global concurrency control (and distributed concurrency control) of multi database systems and other transactional objects, possibly highly distributed (e.g., within cloud computing, grid computing, and networks of smartphones). An atomic commitment protocol (ACP; of any type) is a fundamental part of the solution, utilized to break global cycles in the conflict (precedence, serializability) graph. CO is the most general property (a necessary condition) that guarantees global serializability, if the database systems involved do not share concurrency control information beyond atomic commitment protocol (unmodified) messages, and have no knowledge whether transactions are global or local (the database systems are autonomous). Thus CO (with its variants) is the only general technique that does not require the typically costly distribution of local concurrency control information (e.g., local precedence relations, locks, timestamps, or tickets). It generalizes the popular strong strict two-phase locking (SS2PL) property, which in conjunction with the two-phase commit protocol (2PC) is the de facto standard to achieve global serializability across (SS2PL based) database systems. As a result CO compliant database systems (with any, different concurrency control types) can transparently join such SS2PL based solutions for global serializability.In addition, locking based global deadlocks are resolved automatically in a CO based multi-database environment, an important side-benefit (including the special case of a completely SS2PL based environment; a previously unnoticed fact for SS2PL).Furthermore, strict commitment ordering (SCO; Raz 1991c), the intersection of Strictness and CO, provides better performance (shorter average transaction completion time and resulting better transaction throughput) than SS2PL whenever read-write conflicts are present (identical blocking behavior for write-read and write-write conflicts; comparable locking overhead). The advantage of SCO is especially significant during lock contention. Strictness allows both SS2PL and SCO to use the same effective database recovery mechanisms.Two major generalizing variants of CO exist, extended CO (ECO; Raz 1993a) and multi-version CO (MVCO; Raz 1993b). They as well provide global serializability without local concurrency control information distribution, can be combined with any relevant concurrency control, and allow optimistic (non-blocking) implementations. Both use additional information for relaxing CO constraints and achieving better concurrency and performance. Vote ordering (VO or Generalized CO (GCO); Raz 2009) is a container schedule set (property) and technique for CO and all its variants. Local VO is a necessary condition for guaranteeing global serializability, if the atomic commitment protocol (ACP) participants do not share concurrency control information (have the generalized autonomy property). CO and its variants inter-operate transparently, guaranteeing global serializability and automatic global deadlock resolution also together in a mixed, heterogeneous environment with different variants.
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report