... Using the second right hand rule first to figure the direction of the magnetic field and then using the first right hand rule to figure the direction of the force, one finds the current must flow to the left. 2) [12 points] What is the distance between the two wires? The magnetic force has to be put ...
... Using the second right hand rule first to figure the direction of the magnetic field and then using the first right hand rule to figure the direction of the force, one finds the current must flow to the left. 2) [12 points] What is the distance between the two wires? The magnetic force has to be put ...
Electrostatic fields • Why study electrostatics? • Many applications in
... Diamagnetism occurs in materials where the magnetic fields due to electronic motions of orbiting and spinning completely cancel each other. Thus, the permanent (or intrinsic) magnetic moment of each atom is zero and the materials are weakly affected by a magnetic field. For most diamagnetic material ...
... Diamagnetism occurs in materials where the magnetic fields due to electronic motions of orbiting and spinning completely cancel each other. Thus, the permanent (or intrinsic) magnetic moment of each atom is zero and the materials are weakly affected by a magnetic field. For most diamagnetic material ...
Quantum measurements and chiral magnetic effect
... Moreover, vacuum expectation value of any local P-odd observable has to vanish in vector-like theories such as ...
... Moreover, vacuum expectation value of any local P-odd observable has to vanish in vector-like theories such as ...
Superconductivity
Superconductivity is a phenomenon of exactly zero electrical resistance and expulsion of magnetic fields occurring in certain materials when cooled below a characteristic critical temperature. It was discovered by Dutch physicist Heike Kamerlingh Onnes on April 8, 1911 in Leiden. Like ferromagnetism and atomic spectral lines, superconductivity is a quantum mechanical phenomenon. It is characterized by the Meissner effect, the complete ejection of magnetic field lines from the interior of the superconductor as it transitions into the superconducting state. The occurrence of the Meissner effect indicates that superconductivity cannot be understood simply as the idealization of perfect conductivity in classical physics.The electrical resistivity of a metallic conductor decreases gradually as temperature is lowered. In ordinary conductors, such as copper or silver, this decrease is limited by impurities and other defects. Even near absolute zero, a real sample of a normal conductor shows some resistance. In a superconductor, the resistance drops abruptly to zero when the material is cooled below its critical temperature. An electric current flowing through a loop of superconducting wire can persist indefinitely with no power source.In 1986, it was discovered that some cuprate-perovskite ceramic materials have a critical temperature above 90 K (−183 °C). Such a high transition temperature is theoretically impossible for a conventional superconductor, leading the materials to be termed high-temperature superconductors. Liquid nitrogen boils at 77 K, and superconduction at higher temperatures than this facilitates many experiments and applications that are less practical at lower temperatures.