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LECTURE OUTLINE
LECTURE OUTLINE

... During this operation, a surgeon bypasses an obstructed coronary artery with a segment from another blood vessel. Clearing Clogged Arteries ...
Heart attacks - Carleton University
Heart attacks - Carleton University

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... Activity 4- Please sketch and clearly label cardiac muscle tissue. Be sure to label: nuclei, striations, intercalated discs (but don’t spend more than 5 minutes looking for one!), and any obvious branching points. A. Name the two different types of membrane proteins that are found at an intercalated ...
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... SV - vol. of blood pumped out by ventricle per heart beat CO = 75 x 70 - typically 70 mL = 5250 mL/min = 5.25 L/min HR - typically 75 bts/min ...
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... and B were compared by the unpaired t-test. p < 0.05 was considered significant. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of CFR were calculated in the conventional way, as a predictor of abnormal perfusion on the 201 Tl SPECT image. Interobserver and int ...
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heart outcomes
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... 13. What is the function of the above arteries? • Vena cavae – Largest vein = These 2 blood vessels, the inferior and the superior vena cavae, enter the right atrium. 14. Pulmonary veins- 4 veins that enter the left atrium. What is the function of these veins? 15. Coronary vessels = coronary arterie ...
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Images and Case Reports in Interventional Cardiology
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... normal left coronary artery and a large area of hypervascularized myocardium near the RV projection that was supplied by the acute marginal branches of the right coronary artery (Figure 3). ...
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Coronary artery disease



Coronary artery disease (CAD), also known as ischemic heart disease (IHD), atherosclerotic heart disease, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, and coronary heart disease, is a group of diseases that includes: stable angina, unstable angina, myocardial infarction, and sudden coronary death. It is within the group of cardiovascular diseases of which it is the most common type. A common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw. Occasionally it may feel like heartburn. Usually symptoms occur with exercise or emotional stress, last less than a few minutes, and gets better with rest. Shortness of breath may also occur and sometimes no symptoms are present. The first sign is occasionally a heart attack. Other complications include heart failure or an irregular heartbeat.Risk factors include: high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol, among others. Other risks include depression. The underlying mechanism involves atherosclerosis of the arteries of the heart. A number of tests may help with diagnoses including: electrocardiogram, cardiac stress testing, coronary computed tomographic angiography, and coronary angiogram, among others.Prevention is by eating a healthy diet, regular exercise, maintaining a healthy weight and not smoking. Sometimes medication for diabetes, high cholesterol, or high blood pressure are also used. There is limited evidence for screening people who are at low risk and do not have symptoms. Treatment involves the same measures as prevention. Additional medications such as antiplatelets including aspirin, beta blockers, or nitroglycerin may be recommended. Procedures such as percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) may be used in severe disease. In those with stable CAD it is unclear if PCI or CABG in addition to the other treatments improve life expectancy or decreases heart attack risk.In 2013 CAD was the most common cause of death globally, resulting in 8.14 million deaths (16.8%) up from 5.74 million deaths (12%) in 1990. The risk of death from CAD for a given age has decreased between 1980 and 2010 especially in the developed world. The number of cases of CAD for a given age has also decreased between 1990 and 2010. In the United States in 2010 about 20% of those over 65 had CAD, while it was present in 7% of those 45 to 64, and 1.3% of those 18 to 45. Rates are higher among men than women of a given age.
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