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Current Cardiac Surgery in South Africa
Current Cardiac Surgery in South Africa

... SURGERY IN SOUTH ...
Sample pages 1 PDF
Sample pages 1 PDF

... connected to the heart, a view reflected by Plato: “the fountain of the blood which races through all the limbs.” Arteries and veins by the modern definition were not distinguished (Hamilton and Cairns 1987). The Hippocratic Corpus does not recognize a circulatory system (Duminil 1983). Alexander th ...
Systemic Hypertension
Systemic Hypertension

... This requires the heart to work harder than normal to circulate blood through the blood vessels. Normal blood pressure at rest is within the range of 100140mmHg systolic (top reading) and 60-90mmHg diastolic (bottom reading). High blood pressure is said to be present if it is persistently at or abo ...
Computer-assisted Planning of Cardiac Interventions and Heart
Computer-assisted Planning of Cardiac Interventions and Heart

... left ventricle over the last years. One reason can be an aneurysm that has to be removed; another reason might be a strong dilatation of the heart after many years of heart failure that leads to a very small stroke volume. The best way to carry out this type of heart surgery would be to improve the ...
DUAL SOURCE CARDIAC CT ANGIOGRAPHY
DUAL SOURCE CARDIAC CT ANGIOGRAPHY

...  CTA rule out in acute chest pain  Ruling out stenosis in patients with intermediate pretest likelihood of disease  For the assessment of obstructive disease in symptomatic patients  For detecting re-stenosis after stent placement  Follow-Up After Bypass Surgery -bypass graft - native vessels ...
ECG Lab
ECG Lab

... muscle) are responsible for the mechanical pumping of the heart. • Autorhythmic cells (1% of cardiac muscle tissue) of the conduction system are responsible for electrical stimulation of the myocardial cells. These cells spontaneously depolarize. ...
Study Guide
Study Guide

... heart contractions? Excessive potassium ions (K+) in the blood plasma reduces the force of heart contractions, because they can reduce the membrane potential (charge over the membrane) at action potential, to the point that many of the calcium gates on the cell never open. (Reduces the heart rate) E ...
CIRCULATORY WEBQUEST
CIRCULATORY WEBQUEST

... http://www.purposegames.com/game/label-the-hearts-parts-quiz 5. Practice will make perfect! Play the game to identify the parts of the heart below. NOTE: You must click on "START" first! Call over Ms. Jantzi or Mr Fortney and a prize will be awarded to the student who can do it the fastest with 100% ...
Cardiac output and Venous Return
Cardiac output and Venous Return

... wave). Q wave is present if the left side of the septum depolarizes first. ...
Ventricular Tachycardias
Ventricular Tachycardias

... Stable VT Stable VT patients do not experience symptoms of haemodynamic decompensation. Unlike other dysrhythmias, VT tends to deteriorate into unstable states and more malignant dysrhythmias. Therefore, stable VT should be treated with lidocaine or timely cardioversion if lidocaine is ineffective. ...
Pacemakers and ICD`s
Pacemakers and ICD`s

... CHB, Mobitz type 2 AV block, medically refractory symptomatic bradycardia, alternating BBB, new bifascicular block, new BBB with anterior MI  In absence of acute MI : SSS, CHB, Mobitz type 2 AV block  Treatment of tachyarrhythmias : VT ...
Cardiovascular System
Cardiovascular System

... through a process called diffusion. In diffusion, when capillaries contain a high concentration of oxygen and nutrients, while the surrounding tissues contain a lower concentration, Oxygen and nutrients leave the capillaries and enter the tissues. Conversely, when body tissues contain high concentra ...
Cardiovascular System
Cardiovascular System

... through a process called diffusion. In diffusion, when capillaries contain a high concentration of oxygen and nutrients, while the surrounding tissues contain a lower concentration, Oxygen and nutrients leave the capillaries and enter the tissues. Conversely, when body tissues contain high concentra ...
Left ventricular systolic function assessment in patients with dilated
Left ventricular systolic function assessment in patients with dilated

... systolic and diastolic pressures. Contraction of the heart expels a percentage of oxygenated blood known as the cardiac output, given as product of heart rate and stroke volume. The period of contraction is called systole and that of relaxation, diastole. The valves between the atria and ventricles ...
ECHO ROUNDS Section Editor: Edmund Kenneth Kerut
ECHO ROUNDS Section Editor: Edmund Kenneth Kerut

... also noted by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), but another smaller immobile mass was also found attached to the atrial surface of the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve (Fig. 2). Mitral valve replacement was then performed. Histopathology revealed both masses to be that of papillary fibroel ...
The Circulatory System
The Circulatory System

... Blood vessels are usually composed of the following layers, or tunics • The tunica intima has one layer of endothelial cells supported by a thin subendothelial layer of loose connective tissue with occasional smooth muscle cells. In arteries, the intima is separated from the media by an internal ela ...
ANPS 020 Black 01-24
ANPS 020 Black 01-24

... Systole (contraction) Diastole (relaxation) Begins with initiation of action potential at SA node Produces action potentials in cardiac muscle cells (contractile cardiac cells) of Atria Both Atria begin contracting = Atrial Systole Signal is transmitted through conducting system (conducting cardiac ...
Cardiac Arrhythmias in the Intensive Care Unit
Cardiac Arrhythmias in the Intensive Care Unit

... step in treatment is establishing the diagnosis because VT is more ominous than SVT with aberrancy. VT is defined by three or more consecutive ventricular beats. Sustained VT is defined as more than 30 seconds of ventricular beats at a rate of more than 100 bpm.27,28 Initial evaluation should include ...
SIGNAL AVERAGED ECG
SIGNAL AVERAGED ECG

... INTRODUCTION Other related procedures that may be used to assess the heart include resting electrocardiogram (ECG), Holter monitor, exercise electrocardiogram (ECG), cardiac catheterization, chest x-ray, computed tomography (CT scan) of the chest, echocardiography, electrophysiological studies, mag ...
Jeopardy Review Game
Jeopardy Review Game

... What kind of blood can be received by a person who is negative for the Rh factor? (Hint: positive or negative) ...
Footnotes on Critical Limb Ischemia
Footnotes on Critical Limb Ischemia

... that TAC by multidetector computed tomography “may be a useful measure to stratify patients into risk categories and guide therapy aimed at limb preservation” (1). Despite 20 years of investigation, the clinical utility of CAC remains controversial (11,12). Most studies of CAC either address risk st ...
Vital Signs Medical Terminology
Vital Signs Medical Terminology

... 50. Stethoscope - Instrument used for listening to internal body sounds 51. Symptom - An indication of a patient's condition that cannot be observed by another person but rather is subjective, or felt and reported by the patient 52. Systolic Blood Pressure - The pressure created in the arteries by t ...
Cardiac Meds - Business VoIP Provider | Virtual Call Center
Cardiac Meds - Business VoIP Provider | Virtual Call Center

... elevated K, Mg and low Ca and CCB toxicity Side effects: ...
4c Heart Physiology for lab
4c Heart Physiology for lab

... from the average pressure in the arteries (P1). Therefore,  P = P1 – P2 Since P2 (blood pressure in the veins) is always 0, for our purposes, you could just write P instead of  P. P symbolizes blood pressure. Since BP is written systolic/diastolic, you add up both pressures and take the average. T ...
Heart Valves - The Young Scientist Program
Heart Valves - The Young Scientist Program

... → left atrium → left ventricle.  In order to keep blood moving in the right direction small “one‐way  doors”, known as valves, are located in between the various chambers.  There are four major valves in  the heart:  ...
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Jatene procedure

The Jatene procedure, or arterial switch, is an open heart surgical procedure used to correct dextro-transposition of the great arteries (d-TGA); its development was pioneered by Canadian cardiac surgeon William Mustard and it was named for Brazilian cardiac surgeon Adib Jatene, who was the first to use it successfully. It was the first method of d-TGA repair to be attempted, but the last to be put into regular use because of technological limitations at the time of its conception. Use of the arterial switch is historically preceded by two atrial switch methods: the Senning and Mustard procedures.This surgery may be used in combination with other procedures for treatment of certain cases of double outlet right ventricle (DORV) in which the great arteries are dextro-transposed.
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