Atorvastatin inhibits cardiac hypertrophy of rats in vitro and in vivo
... worldwide. It represents a compensatory response to mechanical pressure overload and the change in neurohormoral factors and is observed in various cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, myocardial infarction and valvular heart disease. Clinical studies have demonstrated that cardiac hypertro ...
... worldwide. It represents a compensatory response to mechanical pressure overload and the change in neurohormoral factors and is observed in various cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, myocardial infarction and valvular heart disease. Clinical studies have demonstrated that cardiac hypertro ...
Age as a Risk Factor for Stroke in Atrial Fibrillation Patients
... guidelines proposed the use of the CHA2DS2-VASc [cardiac failure, hypertension, age≥75 years(doubled), diabetes, stroke (doubled)vascular disease, age 65-74 and sex category (female)] score for risk stratification of patients with AF.3 In the CHA2DS2-VASc score, age 65-74 adds one point in the score ...
... guidelines proposed the use of the CHA2DS2-VASc [cardiac failure, hypertension, age≥75 years(doubled), diabetes, stroke (doubled)vascular disease, age 65-74 and sex category (female)] score for risk stratification of patients with AF.3 In the CHA2DS2-VASc score, age 65-74 adds one point in the score ...
Prevention of Atrial Fibrillation by Renin
... receptor blocker,” and “angiotensin converting enzyme,” individual names in these drug classes, and “atrial fibrillation” using Boolean operators. In addition, relevant review reports and the reference lists of retrieved reports were searched for further potentially relevant studies. Only full publi ...
... receptor blocker,” and “angiotensin converting enzyme,” individual names in these drug classes, and “atrial fibrillation” using Boolean operators. In addition, relevant review reports and the reference lists of retrieved reports were searched for further potentially relevant studies. Only full publi ...
Anti-doping cheating? - Chemometry Consultancy
... journalistic (Kimmage), the scientific-vulgarizing (Parisotto) and the scientific-academic (Gerrard) discourses. All three are coincident in the sensational and dramatic picture they offer concerning the facts under discussion, whose truth they do not seem to doubt in the less, but also in the utter ...
... journalistic (Kimmage), the scientific-vulgarizing (Parisotto) and the scientific-academic (Gerrard) discourses. All three are coincident in the sensational and dramatic picture they offer concerning the facts under discussion, whose truth they do not seem to doubt in the less, but also in the utter ...
Adverse Effect of Ventricular Pacing on Heart Failure and
... was assessed by means of Cox proportional hazards models,5 with time to event as the dependent variable and Cum%VP as a timedependent covariate. HFH models were extended to include multiple HFHs by use of Cox models that allow multiple events per patient.6 Both unadjusted models (Cum%VP as the only ...
... was assessed by means of Cox proportional hazards models,5 with time to event as the dependent variable and Cum%VP as a timedependent covariate. HFH models were extended to include multiple HFHs by use of Cox models that allow multiple events per patient.6 Both unadjusted models (Cum%VP as the only ...
Myosin Types and Fiber Types in Cardiac Muscle I . Ventricular
... indirect immunofluorescence assay, anti-bAm was found to stain all atrial muscle fibers and a minor proportion of ventricular muscle fibers in the right ventricle of the bovine heart . In contrast, almost all muscle fibers in the left ventricle were unreactive . Purkinje fibers showed variable react ...
... indirect immunofluorescence assay, anti-bAm was found to stain all atrial muscle fibers and a minor proportion of ventricular muscle fibers in the right ventricle of the bovine heart . In contrast, almost all muscle fibers in the left ventricle were unreactive . Purkinje fibers showed variable react ...
Heart and Vascular System Practice Questions
... 66. The amount of blood pumped out of a ventricle in one minute is the A. stroke volume. B. heart rate. C. cardiac output. D. cardiac cycle. 67. The cardiac output is dependent on A. heart rate. B. respiration rate. C. stroke volume D. Both heart rate and stroke volume are correct. 68. Cardiac outp ...
... 66. The amount of blood pumped out of a ventricle in one minute is the A. stroke volume. B. heart rate. C. cardiac output. D. cardiac cycle. 67. The cardiac output is dependent on A. heart rate. B. respiration rate. C. stroke volume D. Both heart rate and stroke volume are correct. 68. Cardiac outp ...
Arteries
... 1. The amount of blood pumped at any one time must adjust to the current needs of the body (more is needed during strenuous exercise). 2. The S-A node is innervated by branches of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions, so the CNS controls heart rate. a. Sympathetic impulses increase the spee ...
... 1. The amount of blood pumped at any one time must adjust to the current needs of the body (more is needed during strenuous exercise). 2. The S-A node is innervated by branches of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions, so the CNS controls heart rate. a. Sympathetic impulses increase the spee ...
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cardiovascularmeds[1]
... • DESCRIPTION – Inhibit sodium and chloride reabsorption from the loop of Henle and the distal tubule – They have little effect on the blood glucose; however, they cause marked depletion of water and electrolytes, increased uric acid levels, and cause the excretion of calcium – Are more potent than ...
... • DESCRIPTION – Inhibit sodium and chloride reabsorption from the loop of Henle and the distal tubule – They have little effect on the blood glucose; however, they cause marked depletion of water and electrolytes, increased uric acid levels, and cause the excretion of calcium – Are more potent than ...
Evaluation of Melissa officinalis (Lemon Balm) Effects on Heart
... Background: Melissa officinalis, an herbal drug, is well known and frequently applied in traditional and modern medicine. Yet, there is inadequate information regarding its effects on electrical properties of the heart. The present study attempted to elucidate the effects of Melissa officinalis aque ...
... Background: Melissa officinalis, an herbal drug, is well known and frequently applied in traditional and modern medicine. Yet, there is inadequate information regarding its effects on electrical properties of the heart. The present study attempted to elucidate the effects of Melissa officinalis aque ...
Stroke PCAP 2005
... 2. Hoyert DL, Kochanek KD, Murphy SL. National Vital Statistics Report 1999; 47:19. ...
... 2. Hoyert DL, Kochanek KD, Murphy SL. National Vital Statistics Report 1999; 47:19. ...
The Effect of Ramipril on Left Ventricular Mass, Myocardial Fibrosis
... variabilities in awake cats (18% and 20%, respectively).33 Additionally, wall thickness measurements vary according to region of the LV measured and hypertrophy often is nonuniform. Therefore, serial quantification of LV hypertrophy and assessment of changes in LV hypertrophy after pharmacologic the ...
... variabilities in awake cats (18% and 20%, respectively).33 Additionally, wall thickness measurements vary according to region of the LV measured and hypertrophy often is nonuniform. Therefore, serial quantification of LV hypertrophy and assessment of changes in LV hypertrophy after pharmacologic the ...
ventricular weight in cardiac hypertrophy - Heart
... in such cases before right heart failure occurs. Total Ventricular Weight as a guide to Hypertrophy. From the results of this investigation, a total ventricular weight of over 250 g. may be taken as evidence of cardiac hypertrophy. If left ventricular hypertrophy is suspected, this criterion alone i ...
... in such cases before right heart failure occurs. Total Ventricular Weight as a guide to Hypertrophy. From the results of this investigation, a total ventricular weight of over 250 g. may be taken as evidence of cardiac hypertrophy. If left ventricular hypertrophy is suspected, this criterion alone i ...
Guidelines and Standards for Performance of a Pediatric
... adolescents, and in those with childhood heart disease with consultation as needed. “Advanced” is a high level of expertise in all aspects of pediatric echocardiography. Physicians with this level of training are expected to be able to perform independently and to interpret echocardiograms in patien ...
... adolescents, and in those with childhood heart disease with consultation as needed. “Advanced” is a high level of expertise in all aspects of pediatric echocardiography. Physicians with this level of training are expected to be able to perform independently and to interpret echocardiograms in patien ...
Starling`s law of the heart is explained by an intimate
... experiment the ends of the muscle remain fixed at the long length, whereas in studies of the intact heart the ventricle can undergo a reduction in size). Thus, explanations for the "Anrep effect" in the intact heart need not invoke transient regional ischemia with stretch followed by a redistributio ...
... experiment the ends of the muscle remain fixed at the long length, whereas in studies of the intact heart the ventricle can undergo a reduction in size). Thus, explanations for the "Anrep effect" in the intact heart need not invoke transient regional ischemia with stretch followed by a redistributio ...
Cyanotic Heart Disease
... • Fusion of dorsal and ventral endocardial cushions occurs too far to the right « obliteration of tricuspid valve, and • Hypoplasia of right heart • Tricuspid valve, Right ventricle and pulmonary artery ...
... • Fusion of dorsal and ventral endocardial cushions occurs too far to the right « obliteration of tricuspid valve, and • Hypoplasia of right heart • Tricuspid valve, Right ventricle and pulmonary artery ...
Cardiac Stress Testing
... segment abnormalities. Also women with normal ECG? In these situations, consideration needs to be given to complementary and adjunctive stress testing modalities (see below), in addition to the standard 12 lead ECG. As a general rule, when repolarization is abnormal (i.e. LVH with ST and T wave chan ...
... segment abnormalities. Also women with normal ECG? In these situations, consideration needs to be given to complementary and adjunctive stress testing modalities (see below), in addition to the standard 12 lead ECG. As a general rule, when repolarization is abnormal (i.e. LVH with ST and T wave chan ...
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS)
... surgery to the skin closure. Group P patients were given an equivalent volume of Ringer Lactate infusion. Perfusion techniques were standardized. The bypass machine was primed with a mixture of fresh whole blood mixed with crystalloid to achieve a predicted haematocrit of 25% to 30% in patients unde ...
... surgery to the skin closure. Group P patients were given an equivalent volume of Ringer Lactate infusion. Perfusion techniques were standardized. The bypass machine was primed with a mixture of fresh whole blood mixed with crystalloid to achieve a predicted haematocrit of 25% to 30% in patients unde ...
time course of isovolumetric relaxation
... dissipates to its lowest value. Despite variations in preload (at constant total load), isometric force decline records are superimposable. Dog right ventricular trabecular muscle; cross-sectional area 0.85 mm2; stimulation rate 12/min; temperature 330 C. Shortening record set to zero before each co ...
... dissipates to its lowest value. Despite variations in preload (at constant total load), isometric force decline records are superimposable. Dog right ventricular trabecular muscle; cross-sectional area 0.85 mm2; stimulation rate 12/min; temperature 330 C. Shortening record set to zero before each co ...
Alcohol and the heart: to abstain or not to abstain?
... with light to moderate alcohol intake (Table 1), some studies have shown a neutral effect, and heavy alcohol consumption was shown to be detrimental. In the Framingham Study, cumulative incidence of alcohol use disorders did not show a decrease despite a decrease in average alcohol intake and more w ...
... with light to moderate alcohol intake (Table 1), some studies have shown a neutral effect, and heavy alcohol consumption was shown to be detrimental. In the Framingham Study, cumulative incidence of alcohol use disorders did not show a decrease despite a decrease in average alcohol intake and more w ...
The cardiovascular system of mammals
... law for the rate of oxygen consumption and the −1/4 power law for heart rate will be employed, and these will be shown to lead to the same vascular scaling laws as found in the earlier work. In the second case, two theoretical relationships involving oxygen utilization and oxygen transfer will be em ...
... law for the rate of oxygen consumption and the −1/4 power law for heart rate will be employed, and these will be shown to lead to the same vascular scaling laws as found in the earlier work. In the second case, two theoretical relationships involving oxygen utilization and oxygen transfer will be em ...
Prevalence and Clinical Predictors of Right Ventricular Dysfunction
... Background and Objectives: Numerous clinical studies have demonstrated chronic right ventricular (RV) pacing induced left ventricular (LV) dyssynchrony and LV systolic dysfunction in patients with permanent pacemaker. However, only a limited number of studies have focused on RV dysfunction. We sough ...
... Background and Objectives: Numerous clinical studies have demonstrated chronic right ventricular (RV) pacing induced left ventricular (LV) dyssynchrony and LV systolic dysfunction in patients with permanent pacemaker. However, only a limited number of studies have focused on RV dysfunction. We sough ...
CLINICAL INVESTIGATION The effects of changes in
... have used longitudinal experimental designs, which tend to confound the effects of exercise with those due to associated changes in body weight, sodium intake, and familiarity with the measurement procedures. '-10 It has been hard to draw firm conclusions about which of these are most important in r ...
... have used longitudinal experimental designs, which tend to confound the effects of exercise with those due to associated changes in body weight, sodium intake, and familiarity with the measurement procedures. '-10 It has been hard to draw firm conclusions about which of these are most important in r ...
Myocardial infarction
Myocardial infarction (MI) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow stops to a part of the heart causing damage to the heart muscle. The most common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw. Often it is in the center or left side of the chest and lasts for more than a few minutes. The discomfort may occasionally feel like heartburn. Other symptoms may include shortness of breath, nausea, feeling faint, a cold sweat, or feeling tired. About 30% of people have atypical symptoms, with women more likely than men to present atypically. Among those over 75 years old, about 5% have had an MI with little or no history of symptoms. An MI may cause heart failure, an irregular heartbeat, or cardiac arrest.Most MIs occur due to coronary artery disease. Risk factors include high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol intake, among others. The mechanism of an MI often involves the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque, leading to complete blockage of a coronary artery. MIs are less commonly caused by coronary artery spasms, which may be due to cocaine, significant emotional stress, and extreme cold, among others. A number of tests are useful to help with diagnosis, including electrocardiograms (ECGs), blood tests, and coronary angiography. An ECG may confirm an ST elevation MI if ST elevation is present. Commonly used blood tests include troponin and less often creatine kinase MB.Aspirin is an appropriate immediate treatment for a suspected MI. Nitroglycerin or opioids may be used to help with chest pain; however, they do not improve overall outcomes. Supplemental oxygen should be used in those with low oxygen levels or shortness of breath. In ST elevation MIs treatments which attempt to restore blood flow to the heart are typically recommended and include angioplasty, where the arteries are pushed open, or thrombolysis, where the blockage is removed using medications. People who have a non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) are often managed with the blood thinner heparin, with the additional use angioplasty in those at high risk. In people with blockages of multiple coronary arteries and diabetes, bypass surgery (CABG) may be recommended rather than angioplasty. After an MI, lifestyle modifications, along with long term treatment with aspirin, beta blockers, and statins, are typically recommended.Worldwide, more than 3 million people have ST elevation MIs and 4 million have NSTEMIs each year. STEMIs occur about twice as often in men as women. About one million people have an MI each year in the United States. In the developed world the risk of death in those who have had an STEMI is about 10%. Rates of MI for a given age have decreased globally between 1990 and 2010.