Atrial Flutter
... Atrial Flutter is rapid, regular atrial depolarizations at a characteristic rate of approximately 300 beats/min. Prolonged atrial flutter can ultimately impair cardiac output, increase myocardial oxygen demand, and cause atrial thrombus formation. ...
... Atrial Flutter is rapid, regular atrial depolarizations at a characteristic rate of approximately 300 beats/min. Prolonged atrial flutter can ultimately impair cardiac output, increase myocardial oxygen demand, and cause atrial thrombus formation. ...
Pulse Pressure and Risk of New
... was valid. Death was treated as a censoring event. Follow-up also was censored after 20 years, with the final participant censored in this manner in December 2004. Estimates were adjusted to account for competing risk from mortality during the follow-up period.26 Covariates selected for adjustment w ...
... was valid. Death was treated as a censoring event. Follow-up also was censored after 20 years, with the final participant censored in this manner in December 2004. Estimates were adjusted to account for competing risk from mortality during the follow-up period.26 Covariates selected for adjustment w ...
AHA Scientific Statement
... ACHD encompass a broad range of presentations. There are people who are diagnosed for the first time in adulthood, as well as those with prior palliative repair and its consequences, new sequelae years to decades after childhood surgical repair, or residual lesions with delayed presentation. It can ...
... ACHD encompass a broad range of presentations. There are people who are diagnosed for the first time in adulthood, as well as those with prior palliative repair and its consequences, new sequelae years to decades after childhood surgical repair, or residual lesions with delayed presentation. It can ...
pulmonary arterial stenosis. Successful stenting of a life threatening
... often ineffective.34 Because of the complexity of the surgical approach, balloon angioplasty has become popular as a relatively non-invasive method of relieving obstruction to flow within the pulmonary circulation. This method has particular applications in the management of intraparenchymal pulmona ...
... often ineffective.34 Because of the complexity of the surgical approach, balloon angioplasty has become popular as a relatively non-invasive method of relieving obstruction to flow within the pulmonary circulation. This method has particular applications in the management of intraparenchymal pulmona ...
1 - JACC
... The fraction of the cardiac cycle spent in systole (Ts) depends on heart rate in a direct fashion. Supplement Figure F3 plots best-fit equations from two studies: Ts from reference #R11 = 0.01 * exp{4.14 - (40.74/heart rate)} Ts from reference #R12 = 1 - [-549 + 2.13*heart rate + 61500/heart rate]/ ...
... The fraction of the cardiac cycle spent in systole (Ts) depends on heart rate in a direct fashion. Supplement Figure F3 plots best-fit equations from two studies: Ts from reference #R11 = 0.01 * exp{4.14 - (40.74/heart rate)} Ts from reference #R12 = 1 - [-549 + 2.13*heart rate + 61500/heart rate]/ ...
Using the Lower Limit of Normal Instead of the
... nary function in addition to (previously undiagnosed) underlying pulmonary disease and confounding influences, such as smoking, coronary artery bypass grafting, and obesity.4-7,13 However, results are not consistent among the studies. For example, although smoking and a history of coronary artery by ...
... nary function in addition to (previously undiagnosed) underlying pulmonary disease and confounding influences, such as smoking, coronary artery bypass grafting, and obesity.4-7,13 However, results are not consistent among the studies. For example, although smoking and a history of coronary artery by ...
The role of electrocardiogram in the diagnosis of dextrocardia with
... Introduction: Dextrocardia with situs inversus is a rare congenital disease. In patients with this condition, the heart is presented as a mirror image of itself with its apex pointing to the right. The pulmonary and abdominal anatomies are reversed. Dextrocardia with situs inversus occurs at birth b ...
... Introduction: Dextrocardia with situs inversus is a rare congenital disease. In patients with this condition, the heart is presented as a mirror image of itself with its apex pointing to the right. The pulmonary and abdominal anatomies are reversed. Dextrocardia with situs inversus occurs at birth b ...
Development of Z-scores for fetal cardiac dimensions
... established in postnatal life, but have yet to be developed for fetal cardiac dimensions. These would be of real advantage to the clinician in accurately quantifying size and growth of cardiac dimensions and to the researcher by allowing mathematical comparison of growth in differing subgroups of a ...
... established in postnatal life, but have yet to be developed for fetal cardiac dimensions. These would be of real advantage to the clinician in accurately quantifying size and growth of cardiac dimensions and to the researcher by allowing mathematical comparison of growth in differing subgroups of a ...
Implantable cardioverter defibrillators and cardiac resynchronisation
... cardiac arrest or ventricular arrhythmia is challenging because it requires identifying a person with substantial level of risk. Many risk factors for sudden cardiac death have been reported such as age, hereditary factors, having a high risk for coronary artery disease, inflammatory markers, hypert ...
... cardiac arrest or ventricular arrhythmia is challenging because it requires identifying a person with substantial level of risk. Many risk factors for sudden cardiac death have been reported such as age, hereditary factors, having a high risk for coronary artery disease, inflammatory markers, hypert ...
Dobutamine stress for evaluation of right ventricular reserve in pulmonary arterial hypertension
... A total of 35 subjects participated in the study; 17 subjects with PAH and 18 age-matched healthy controls. The diagnosis of PAH was established according to published guidelines. All PAH patients had invasive confirmation with right heart catheterisation demonstrating mean PAP ≥25 mmHg, pulmonary a ...
... A total of 35 subjects participated in the study; 17 subjects with PAH and 18 age-matched healthy controls. The diagnosis of PAH was established according to published guidelines. All PAH patients had invasive confirmation with right heart catheterisation demonstrating mean PAP ≥25 mmHg, pulmonary a ...
Survival with full neurologic recovery and no cerebral
... Clinical trials require huge efforts; animal studies give rapid answers. It is extremely difficult to determine the effects of a drug given during CPR on neurologic recovery owing to confounding variables. For example, a given patient group differs significantly owing to past medical history, standa ...
... Clinical trials require huge efforts; animal studies give rapid answers. It is extremely difficult to determine the effects of a drug given during CPR on neurologic recovery owing to confounding variables. For example, a given patient group differs significantly owing to past medical history, standa ...
Level of Evidence
... Amiodarone followed by maintence infusion unless coutraindicated, and continue the infusion for several hours while primary V.F. secondary to Acute Coronary Syndrome is excluded and correctable causes are assessed. II. -Evidence from level 2 and level 3 studies (including: Martinez-Rubio et.al… and ...
... Amiodarone followed by maintence infusion unless coutraindicated, and continue the infusion for several hours while primary V.F. secondary to Acute Coronary Syndrome is excluded and correctable causes are assessed. II. -Evidence from level 2 and level 3 studies (including: Martinez-Rubio et.al… and ...
Cardiac repolarization analysis using the surface - DIEC
... in the ventricular myocardium. (b ) Cardiac arrhythmias (i) Pathological heterogeneities Intrinsic heterogeneities in ventricular repolarization are accentuated under different pathological states, including ischaemia, Brugada syndrome, long-QT syndrome (LQTS), heart failure, arrhythmogenic right ve ...
... in the ventricular myocardium. (b ) Cardiac arrhythmias (i) Pathological heterogeneities Intrinsic heterogeneities in ventricular repolarization are accentuated under different pathological states, including ischaemia, Brugada syndrome, long-QT syndrome (LQTS), heart failure, arrhythmogenic right ve ...
Left ventricular dynamics during handgrip - Heart
... 25 patients. In the patients with normal or nearly normal left hearts (group i), the response to handgrip was characterized by a significant increase of left ventricular stroke work index at an essentially unchanged end-diastolic pressure. In the patients with definitely increased LV enddiastolic pr ...
... 25 patients. In the patients with normal or nearly normal left hearts (group i), the response to handgrip was characterized by a significant increase of left ventricular stroke work index at an essentially unchanged end-diastolic pressure. In the patients with definitely increased LV enddiastolic pr ...
Salivary Alpha-Amylase Activity, a New Biomarker in Heart Failure?
... Citation: Suska A, Alehagen U, Lundstrom I, Dahlstrom U (2012) Salivary Alpha-Amylase Activity, a New Biomarker in Heart Failure? J Clin Exp Cardiolog S2:005. doi:10.4172/2155-9880.S2-005 ...
... Citation: Suska A, Alehagen U, Lundstrom I, Dahlstrom U (2012) Salivary Alpha-Amylase Activity, a New Biomarker in Heart Failure? J Clin Exp Cardiolog S2:005. doi:10.4172/2155-9880.S2-005 ...
How to Manage the Renal Patient with Coronary Heart
... may be due to a combination of underdiagnosis and undertreatment (i.e., therapeutic nihilism) (36) — “To the guy with a hammer, everything looks like a nail.” If a dialysis patient arrives on a Monday morning in the outpatient dialysis unit 5 kg above dry weight and complaining of dyspnea and angina ...
... may be due to a combination of underdiagnosis and undertreatment (i.e., therapeutic nihilism) (36) — “To the guy with a hammer, everything looks like a nail.” If a dialysis patient arrives on a Monday morning in the outpatient dialysis unit 5 kg above dry weight and complaining of dyspnea and angina ...
Reservoir and Conduit Function of the Right Atrium - AJP
... pericardiotomy. With inotropic stimulation, maximum RVP increased by 38% (P<0.04), RV dP/dt increased by 26% (P>0.05), and there was a tendency for RA dP/dt to rise (P=0.06). With partial PA occlusion, maximum RVP similarly increased by 51% (P<0.004), but the changes in RV dP/dt and RA dP/dt did not ...
... pericardiotomy. With inotropic stimulation, maximum RVP increased by 38% (P<0.04), RV dP/dt increased by 26% (P>0.05), and there was a tendency for RA dP/dt to rise (P=0.06). With partial PA occlusion, maximum RVP similarly increased by 51% (P<0.004), but the changes in RV dP/dt and RA dP/dt did not ...
Mechanism of Ventricular Fibrillation in Hypothermia
... 05 per cent 0 ; , and 5 per cent CO.,. The muscle ...
... 05 per cent 0 ; , and 5 per cent CO.,. The muscle ...
Introductory Materials
... 1995, you noticed an unusual increase in the number of patients who developed heart disease by age 50. You decide to study this and have been recording data on these patients ever since. You know that when these people were born, there had been a severe food shortage during World War Two. Descriptio ...
... 1995, you noticed an unusual increase in the number of patients who developed heart disease by age 50. You decide to study this and have been recording data on these patients ever since. You know that when these people were born, there had been a severe food shortage during World War Two. Descriptio ...
Ebstein`s Anomaly of the Tricuspid Valve
... Shapiro12 in their reviews in 1937 stated that "it would appear impossible to make the diagnosis during life." We have recently studied three patients with Ebstein's malformation of the heart and have re-examined the case previously reported by Taussig.'9 Although the correct diagnosis was not made ...
... Shapiro12 in their reviews in 1937 stated that "it would appear impossible to make the diagnosis during life." We have recently studied three patients with Ebstein's malformation of the heart and have re-examined the case previously reported by Taussig.'9 Although the correct diagnosis was not made ...
Bilateral Ventricular Hypertrophy Due to Chronic
... Barshay had been most careful not to include any trabeculated part of the myocardium or the papillary muscles. The diagnosis of right ventricular hypertrophy was made only when the maximal width of the wall was five millimeters or over. This standard was adopted in the year 1946 arbitrarily and with ...
... Barshay had been most careful not to include any trabeculated part of the myocardium or the papillary muscles. The diagnosis of right ventricular hypertrophy was made only when the maximal width of the wall was five millimeters or over. This standard was adopted in the year 1946 arbitrarily and with ...
Machine Learning for Cardiac Ultrasound Time Series Data
... specialists. Although this is the gold standard method for identifying heart abnormalities, cost, time and geographic constraints necessitate research into automatic detection of key markers that signal heart dysfunction. Of central importance to the automation problem is the selection of frames cor ...
... specialists. Although this is the gold standard method for identifying heart abnormalities, cost, time and geographic constraints necessitate research into automatic detection of key markers that signal heart dysfunction. Of central importance to the automation problem is the selection of frames cor ...
Morphology and cardiac physiology are differentially affected by
... Finally, a third challenge is modelling the shape of the ventricle in a manner that most accurately reflects this complex structure (Perrichon et al., submitted). During the early developmental phase, the heart of mahi is somewhat irregularly shaped. As noted in the Methods, the ventricle is relativ ...
... Finally, a third challenge is modelling the shape of the ventricle in a manner that most accurately reflects this complex structure (Perrichon et al., submitted). During the early developmental phase, the heart of mahi is somewhat irregularly shaped. As noted in the Methods, the ventricle is relativ ...
Evidence of Incomplete Left Ventricular Relaxation in the Dog
... right heart bypass preparations during ventricular pacing. The fully relaxed, exponential diastolic pressuredimension line for each ventricle was first determined from pressure and dimension values at the end of prolonged diastoles after interruption of pacing. For 167 beats during pacing under wide ...
... right heart bypass preparations during ventricular pacing. The fully relaxed, exponential diastolic pressuredimension line for each ventricle was first determined from pressure and dimension values at the end of prolonged diastoles after interruption of pacing. For 167 beats during pacing under wide ...
Myocardial infarction
Myocardial infarction (MI) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow stops to a part of the heart causing damage to the heart muscle. The most common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw. Often it is in the center or left side of the chest and lasts for more than a few minutes. The discomfort may occasionally feel like heartburn. Other symptoms may include shortness of breath, nausea, feeling faint, a cold sweat, or feeling tired. About 30% of people have atypical symptoms, with women more likely than men to present atypically. Among those over 75 years old, about 5% have had an MI with little or no history of symptoms. An MI may cause heart failure, an irregular heartbeat, or cardiac arrest.Most MIs occur due to coronary artery disease. Risk factors include high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol intake, among others. The mechanism of an MI often involves the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque, leading to complete blockage of a coronary artery. MIs are less commonly caused by coronary artery spasms, which may be due to cocaine, significant emotional stress, and extreme cold, among others. A number of tests are useful to help with diagnosis, including electrocardiograms (ECGs), blood tests, and coronary angiography. An ECG may confirm an ST elevation MI if ST elevation is present. Commonly used blood tests include troponin and less often creatine kinase MB.Aspirin is an appropriate immediate treatment for a suspected MI. Nitroglycerin or opioids may be used to help with chest pain; however, they do not improve overall outcomes. Supplemental oxygen should be used in those with low oxygen levels or shortness of breath. In ST elevation MIs treatments which attempt to restore blood flow to the heart are typically recommended and include angioplasty, where the arteries are pushed open, or thrombolysis, where the blockage is removed using medications. People who have a non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) are often managed with the blood thinner heparin, with the additional use angioplasty in those at high risk. In people with blockages of multiple coronary arteries and diabetes, bypass surgery (CABG) may be recommended rather than angioplasty. After an MI, lifestyle modifications, along with long term treatment with aspirin, beta blockers, and statins, are typically recommended.Worldwide, more than 3 million people have ST elevation MIs and 4 million have NSTEMIs each year. STEMIs occur about twice as often in men as women. About one million people have an MI each year in the United States. In the developed world the risk of death in those who have had an STEMI is about 10%. Rates of MI for a given age have decreased globally between 1990 and 2010.