Uncontrolled ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation - Heart
... atrioventricular node conduction during the periods of low right atrial fibrillation. Several different combinations of atrial electrical events and dissimilar rhythms may present with coarse atrial fibrillation on the scalar electrocardiogram (Zipes and DeJoseph, 1973; Leier and Schaal, 1975, 1977) ...
... atrioventricular node conduction during the periods of low right atrial fibrillation. Several different combinations of atrial electrical events and dissimilar rhythms may present with coarse atrial fibrillation on the scalar electrocardiogram (Zipes and DeJoseph, 1973; Leier and Schaal, 1975, 1977) ...
Clinical implications of internal mammary artery bypass
... form and needs greater surgical expertise than the saphenous vein graft procedure. Consequently, many surgeons avoid using the internal mammary artery in unstable patients, in those with left main coronary artery stenosis, in elderly patients, and, due to small size, in women. In this study, an impr ...
... form and needs greater surgical expertise than the saphenous vein graft procedure. Consequently, many surgeons avoid using the internal mammary artery in unstable patients, in those with left main coronary artery stenosis, in elderly patients, and, due to small size, in women. In this study, an impr ...
Cardiac Pacemakers
... Unipolar leads • Unipolar leads may have a smaller diameter lead body than bipolar leads • Unipolar leads usually exhibit larger pacing artifacts on the surface ECG ...
... Unipolar leads • Unipolar leads may have a smaller diameter lead body than bipolar leads • Unipolar leads usually exhibit larger pacing artifacts on the surface ECG ...
Expert consensus for multimodality imaging evaluation of adult
... the therapeutic armamentarium, including the small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors. It is difficult to make broad generalizations about these agents, because they often have different kinase targets. However, it appears that the most problematic are the agents that target vascular endothelial gr ...
... the therapeutic armamentarium, including the small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors. It is difficult to make broad generalizations about these agents, because they often have different kinase targets. However, it appears that the most problematic are the agents that target vascular endothelial gr ...
Molecular and Structural Basis for Cardiac Arrhythmias
... and the others are connected in an entirely or mainly end-toend fashion [50]. This ‘‘blueprint’’ of intercellular connections is consistent with the moderate anisotropy of ventricular conduction and suggests that the principal determinant of anisotropic conduction in ventricular muscle is the elonga ...
... and the others are connected in an entirely or mainly end-toend fashion [50]. This ‘‘blueprint’’ of intercellular connections is consistent with the moderate anisotropy of ventricular conduction and suggests that the principal determinant of anisotropic conduction in ventricular muscle is the elonga ...
1 General IntroductIon Pulmonary arterIal
... tion.1,2 Although pulmonary hypertension, secondary to congestive heart failure or COPD, is commonly observed in patients, its primary form - pulmonary arterial hypertension (throughout this thesis abbreviated as PH) - is quite rare, with an estimated prevalence of 15 per million.3 PH mostly affects ...
... tion.1,2 Although pulmonary hypertension, secondary to congestive heart failure or COPD, is commonly observed in patients, its primary form - pulmonary arterial hypertension (throughout this thesis abbreviated as PH) - is quite rare, with an estimated prevalence of 15 per million.3 PH mostly affects ...
Exercise and physical activity in relation to kinesiophobia
... secondary prevention and cardiac rehabilitation are seen from a physiotherapeutic perspective and physical activity and exercise therefore run like common threads. However, it is also important to highlight the fact that cardiac rehabilitation is comprehensive and refers to coordinated, multifaceted ...
... secondary prevention and cardiac rehabilitation are seen from a physiotherapeutic perspective and physical activity and exercise therefore run like common threads. However, it is also important to highlight the fact that cardiac rehabilitation is comprehensive and refers to coordinated, multifaceted ...
PART IV LABORATORY EXAMINATION
... as sinoatrial block (SA block)... Similarly, blockage of the spread of the stimulus through the AV junction produces various degrees of AV heart block. Disease of the bundle branches may produce left or right bundle branch block .. Finally, any disease process that involves the ventricular muscle it ...
... as sinoatrial block (SA block)... Similarly, blockage of the spread of the stimulus through the AV junction produces various degrees of AV heart block. Disease of the bundle branches may produce left or right bundle branch block .. Finally, any disease process that involves the ventricular muscle it ...
Magnesium nitrate attenuates blood pressure rise in SHR rats
... Abstract. The administration of magnesium supplements and nitrates/nitrites decreases arterial blood pressure and attenuates the development of hypertension-induced complications. This study was performed to examine the effects of treatment with magnesium nitrate on the development of hypertension a ...
... Abstract. The administration of magnesium supplements and nitrates/nitrites decreases arterial blood pressure and attenuates the development of hypertension-induced complications. This study was performed to examine the effects of treatment with magnesium nitrate on the development of hypertension a ...
Presentation (PowerPoint File) - IPAM
... Why does it matter? The recent recognition that up to 50% of patients admitted to hospitals with congestive heart failure have ‘normal systolic function’ as reflected by ejection fraction, has further emphasized the need to more fully understand the physiology of diastole. UCLA/IPAM 2/6/06 ...
... Why does it matter? The recent recognition that up to 50% of patients admitted to hospitals with congestive heart failure have ‘normal systolic function’ as reflected by ejection fraction, has further emphasized the need to more fully understand the physiology of diastole. UCLA/IPAM 2/6/06 ...
AHEART August 46/2 - AJP
... chaotic remains controversial (16), these techniques have been used successfully for risk stratification (18, 19). In contrast, although the irregular ventricular intervals in atrial fibrillation are often described as chaotic, it has yet to be shown that this represents chaos in the mathematical se ...
... chaotic remains controversial (16), these techniques have been used successfully for risk stratification (18, 19). In contrast, although the irregular ventricular intervals in atrial fibrillation are often described as chaotic, it has yet to be shown that this represents chaos in the mathematical se ...
fibrillation
... in patients with atrial fibrillation. Though it is effective at rest it may not prevent excessive increases in heart rate during exercise.1-3 One possible explanation for this is that the pharmacokinetics of digoxin change during exercise. Serum digoxin concentration decreased during exercise in sev ...
... in patients with atrial fibrillation. Though it is effective at rest it may not prevent excessive increases in heart rate during exercise.1-3 One possible explanation for this is that the pharmacokinetics of digoxin change during exercise. Serum digoxin concentration decreased during exercise in sev ...
Effects of prolonged anoxia on electrical activity of the heart in
... 1983). Under normoxic conditions these channels are kept closed by a high cytosolic energy charge, but reductions in the rate of ATP production reduces the ATP/ADP ratio, which triggers their opening (Flagg and Nichols, 2011). The outward K+ current (IKATP) reduces plateau duration of the cardiac A ...
... 1983). Under normoxic conditions these channels are kept closed by a high cytosolic energy charge, but reductions in the rate of ATP production reduces the ATP/ADP ratio, which triggers their opening (Flagg and Nichols, 2011). The outward K+ current (IKATP) reduces plateau duration of the cardiac A ...
Congenital Aneurysms of the Aortic Sinuses with
... child was immobilized for one year. During the remainder of her childhood, she was extremely limited in her activities by dyspnea, easy fatigabiity, and poor weight gain. At age 18 she experienced her first attack of angina and this recurred many times with relief from nitroglycerin. Examination at ...
... child was immobilized for one year. During the remainder of her childhood, she was extremely limited in her activities by dyspnea, easy fatigabiity, and poor weight gain. At age 18 she experienced her first attack of angina and this recurred many times with relief from nitroglycerin. Examination at ...
Aerobic exercise training promotes physiological cardiac
... Cardiac Remodeling Induced by Exercise Training People engaged in chronic exercise programs have improved cardiovascular function. This is observed not only in healthy subjects but mainly in those with any type of cardiovascular risk factor or disease (6, 39, 40). Even in people over 70 yr old, exer ...
... Cardiac Remodeling Induced by Exercise Training People engaged in chronic exercise programs have improved cardiovascular function. This is observed not only in healthy subjects but mainly in those with any type of cardiovascular risk factor or disease (6, 39, 40). Even in people over 70 yr old, exer ...
Reciprocal of Wall Thickness
... progressively as ventricular size increases without this change necessarily indicating a change in contractile state. In this respect, an index of contractile function that is independent of ventricular size would have an obvious advantage. The exponential constant (k) of the end-systolic relation b ...
... progressively as ventricular size increases without this change necessarily indicating a change in contractile state. In this respect, an index of contractile function that is independent of ventricular size would have an obvious advantage. The exponential constant (k) of the end-systolic relation b ...
ARVD Review Rhythm 2.. - Tehran Arrhythmia Center
... diagnosing ARVD/C in a Task Force report on ARVD/C. The diagnosis of ARVD/C is based on several major and minor criteria involving structural, histologic, ECG, arrhythmic, and genetic factors (Table 1). In 2002, Hamid et al12 proposed a modification of the Task Force criteria for diagnosing ARVD/C i ...
... diagnosing ARVD/C in a Task Force report on ARVD/C. The diagnosis of ARVD/C is based on several major and minor criteria involving structural, histologic, ECG, arrhythmic, and genetic factors (Table 1). In 2002, Hamid et al12 proposed a modification of the Task Force criteria for diagnosing ARVD/C i ...
Basic ECG Rhythm Interpretation
... 90% of hearts, we can anticipate problems that would arise with a compromise of these primary pacemakers such as sinus bradycardia, sinus arrest, junctional rhythms and AV Block rhythms. Since the LCA perfuses the anterior wall of the heart, we can anticipate problems that would result from a lack o ...
... 90% of hearts, we can anticipate problems that would arise with a compromise of these primary pacemakers such as sinus bradycardia, sinus arrest, junctional rhythms and AV Block rhythms. Since the LCA perfuses the anterior wall of the heart, we can anticipate problems that would result from a lack o ...
Journal of Exercise Physiologyonline
... objective and subjective indices of exercise intensity (2). VO2peak describes the amount of oxygen a person uses per kilogram of body weight in one minute (mL/kg/min). The VO2peak value is a reasonable reference point from which to estimate exercise intensity as a percentage of VO2peak, in an analog ...
... objective and subjective indices of exercise intensity (2). VO2peak describes the amount of oxygen a person uses per kilogram of body weight in one minute (mL/kg/min). The VO2peak value is a reasonable reference point from which to estimate exercise intensity as a percentage of VO2peak, in an analog ...
Print - Circulation Research
... ventrolateral cardiac nerves innervated the AV node in each dog studied. The posterior ansa on the left side and both limbs of the ansa on the right side innervated the A V node in one-half to two-thirds of their dogs, whereas the innominate, the recurrent cardiac, the craniovagal, and the ventromed ...
... ventrolateral cardiac nerves innervated the AV node in each dog studied. The posterior ansa on the left side and both limbs of the ansa on the right side innervated the A V node in one-half to two-thirds of their dogs, whereas the innominate, the recurrent cardiac, the craniovagal, and the ventromed ...
PDF
... The trigeminocardiac reflex is a brainstem reflex that has been demonstrated both clinically and experimentally (17). Schaller et al. defined the reflex from a clinical point of view as hypotension with a 20% drop in mean arterial blood pressure and bradycardia lower than 60 beats/min in response t ...
... The trigeminocardiac reflex is a brainstem reflex that has been demonstrated both clinically and experimentally (17). Schaller et al. defined the reflex from a clinical point of view as hypotension with a 20% drop in mean arterial blood pressure and bradycardia lower than 60 beats/min in response t ...
Electrocardiographic Characteristics and SCN5A Mutations in
... sodium current enhances ventricular fibrillation susceptibility. (Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2011;4:874-881.) Key Words: arrhythmia 䡲 sodium channel 䡲 electrophysiology 䡲 genetics 䡲 mutations ...
... sodium current enhances ventricular fibrillation susceptibility. (Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2011;4:874-881.) Key Words: arrhythmia 䡲 sodium channel 䡲 electrophysiology 䡲 genetics 䡲 mutations ...
Left Atrial Enlargement and Reduced Physical Function During Aging
... Using a unique, observer-assessed measure of functional ability, the analyses appear to be consistent with the model in which left atrial dilation affects the performance of activities of daily living. Note that LAVI was identified as a primary echocardiographic metric relevant to the disablement pr ...
... Using a unique, observer-assessed measure of functional ability, the analyses appear to be consistent with the model in which left atrial dilation affects the performance of activities of daily living. Note that LAVI was identified as a primary echocardiographic metric relevant to the disablement pr ...
Anatomical and radiographic appearance of the capuchin monkey
... The radiographic densities of structures present in the cranial mediastinum could not be clearly observed individually due to the large number of regional vessels which show radiographic density similar to the regional adipose tissue and smooth muscle of the esophagus. The trachea was characterized ...
... The radiographic densities of structures present in the cranial mediastinum could not be clearly observed individually due to the large number of regional vessels which show radiographic density similar to the regional adipose tissue and smooth muscle of the esophagus. The trachea was characterized ...
Myocardial infarction
Myocardial infarction (MI) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow stops to a part of the heart causing damage to the heart muscle. The most common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw. Often it is in the center or left side of the chest and lasts for more than a few minutes. The discomfort may occasionally feel like heartburn. Other symptoms may include shortness of breath, nausea, feeling faint, a cold sweat, or feeling tired. About 30% of people have atypical symptoms, with women more likely than men to present atypically. Among those over 75 years old, about 5% have had an MI with little or no history of symptoms. An MI may cause heart failure, an irregular heartbeat, or cardiac arrest.Most MIs occur due to coronary artery disease. Risk factors include high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol intake, among others. The mechanism of an MI often involves the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque, leading to complete blockage of a coronary artery. MIs are less commonly caused by coronary artery spasms, which may be due to cocaine, significant emotional stress, and extreme cold, among others. A number of tests are useful to help with diagnosis, including electrocardiograms (ECGs), blood tests, and coronary angiography. An ECG may confirm an ST elevation MI if ST elevation is present. Commonly used blood tests include troponin and less often creatine kinase MB.Aspirin is an appropriate immediate treatment for a suspected MI. Nitroglycerin or opioids may be used to help with chest pain; however, they do not improve overall outcomes. Supplemental oxygen should be used in those with low oxygen levels or shortness of breath. In ST elevation MIs treatments which attempt to restore blood flow to the heart are typically recommended and include angioplasty, where the arteries are pushed open, or thrombolysis, where the blockage is removed using medications. People who have a non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) are often managed with the blood thinner heparin, with the additional use angioplasty in those at high risk. In people with blockages of multiple coronary arteries and diabetes, bypass surgery (CABG) may be recommended rather than angioplasty. After an MI, lifestyle modifications, along with long term treatment with aspirin, beta blockers, and statins, are typically recommended.Worldwide, more than 3 million people have ST elevation MIs and 4 million have NSTEMIs each year. STEMIs occur about twice as often in men as women. About one million people have an MI each year in the United States. In the developed world the risk of death in those who have had an STEMI is about 10%. Rates of MI for a given age have decreased globally between 1990 and 2010.