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... 4. Atherosclerosis – deposits of fatty materials such as cholesterol form a “plaque” in the arteries which reduces blood flow. Advanced forms are called arteriosclerosis. Treatment: Angioplasty, where a catheter is inserted into the artery and a balloon is used to stretch the walls open. A bypass c ...
The Structure of The Mammalian Heart
The Structure of The Mammalian Heart

... blood is only pumped to the lungs, the pressure is not as great as that created by the left ventricle. Also, the lungs have fine capillaries and the alveoli are thin. The pressure cannot be too high or damage to the capillaries around the alveoli could result • Left ventricle: 2-3 times thicker than ...
cardiovascular system exam review packet!!
cardiovascular system exam review packet!!

... C. AV Node D. Bundle of His and its branches E. Spinal cord Put the following steps in order ______ The atria contract and the depolarization wave reaches the AV node. ______ The depolarization wave reaches the Purkinje fibers. ______ The depolarization wave reaches the AV bundle, which separates in ...
MCB 32, FALL 2000
MCB 32, FALL 2000

... Left and right hearts in chest cavity, bounded by diaphragm Pericardium connective tissue covering Left atrium (blood collection from pulmonary circulation) and ventricle (propulsion; thick wall due to large pressures involved). Right atrium (blood collection from vena cava and systemic circulation) ...
The Circulatory System
The Circulatory System

... •Carry blood away from the heart •Have strong, muscular walls •The inner layer is very smooth so that the blood can flow easily http://hes.ucf.k12.pa.us/gclaypo/circdia.html ...
Circulatory Power Point
Circulatory Power Point

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The Body`s Transport System
The Body`s Transport System

... layers. The pulse you feel on the inside of your wrist is caused by the alternating expansion and relaxation of the artery wall. Blood eventually flows from arteries into capillaries. In the capillaries, materials are exchanged between the blood and the body’s cells. Capillary walls are only one cel ...
Cardio II
Cardio II

... there are concentric thin layers of plasma with gradually decreasing velocity towards the walls of the vessel- it is the dominant type of flow in the circulation b. Examples of turbulent flow: Flow across an obstruction, regurgitant flow across an incompetent valve, abnormal shunt from a high to low ...
File - Paxson Science
File - Paxson Science

... 26. Describe 3 ways CO2 is carried away from cells by the blood. (3) ...
Document
Document

... to form larger veins. The walls of veins are thinner than those of arteries as blood pressure is far lower as it travels through veins. Consequently, veins have valves to prevent the back flow of blood. Oxygenated blood leaves the heart from the left ventricle via the aorta, moves through arteries t ...
Heart and Circulatio..
Heart and Circulatio..

... • The flow of blood through the heart is controlled by four valves. • Two of these valves, the ATRIOVENTRICULAR VALVES (A-V valves) are located between the atria and the ventricles (one on the left side and one on the right). ...
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Pulmonary valve stenosis

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Scholars Journal of Medical Case Reports Acute Dilated
Scholars Journal of Medical Case Reports Acute Dilated

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Development of the Cardiovascular System - Wykłady
Development of the Cardiovascular System - Wykłady

... •        First heart sound (S1) is associated with the closure of the mitral and tricuspid valves. It is best heard on the apex and lower left sternal border. Splitting of the S1 may be found in normal children (more frequently in early age – 1-3 years (9%). •        Second hea ...
Chapter 18 - Marion ISD
Chapter 18 - Marion ISD

... • Impulses spread through atrial synctium then ventricular synctium. • Purkinje fibers contract tiny muscles attached to chordae tendinae ...
Acc_Bio_Circulation_Notes_wiki
Acc_Bio_Circulation_Notes_wiki

... Valves – prevent the backflow of blood as it is being pumped through the heart Named according to where they lead or how they look  Atrioventricular Valves – between the atria and ventricles  tRicuspid – on the Right side  bicuspid – on the left side (a.k.a. as the mitral v.)  Semilunar Valves – ...
LeanMeatRisk - Gordon Wayne Watts
LeanMeatRisk - Gordon Wayne Watts

... "The study measured testosterone levels in 696 Oxford University men. Of the study participants, 233 were vegan (ate no animal products) and 237 were vegetarian (ate milk and dairy products). The remaining 237 subjects were men who ate meat on most days of the week...vegans had higher testosterone l ...
Answers
Answers

... P PULMONALE—large P wave due to right atrial enlargement, occurring in right heart disease due to pulmonary disease such as emphysema P MITRALE—Caused by left atrial hypertrophy due to mitral stenosis, this is a large, notched P wave EXTRASYSTOLE—A premature heartbeat, also called an extra systole T ...
Pange Lingua Gloriosi Pronunciation Guide Peculiarities ti = tsi c
Pange Lingua Gloriosi Pronunciation Guide Peculiarities ti = tsi c

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ECG Crossword Puzzle Answers
ECG Crossword Puzzle Answers

... P PULMONALE—large P wave due to right atrial enlargement, occurring in right heart disease due to pulmonary disease such as emphysema P MITRALE—Caused by left atrial hypertrophy due to mitral stenosis, this is a large, notched P wave EXTRASYSTOLE—A premature heartbeat, also called an extra systole T ...
Sheep Heart Dissection
Sheep Heart Dissection

... 1. Identify the right and left sides of the heart. Look closely and on one side you will see a diagonal line of blood vessels that divide the heart. The half that includes all of the apex (pointed end) of the heart is the left side. 2. Confirm this by squeezing each half of the heart. The left half ...
Control of Heart Contractions
Control of Heart Contractions

... ARRHYTHMIA – any change from normal heart rate or rhythm Normal pulse range 60-100 ...
Sheep Heart Dissection Lab
Sheep Heart Dissection Lab

... through the atrial wall (Figure 36.5). b. Open the chamber, locate the tricuspid valve and examine its cusps. c. Using a spray bottle, run some water through the tricuspid valve to fill the chamber of the right ventricle. d. Gently squeeze the ventricles and watch the cusps of the valve as the water ...
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Lab 2

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The Heart - Ms. Mogck`s Classroom
The Heart - Ms. Mogck`s Classroom

...  a. Calculate the cardiac output. Express your answer in liters ...
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Myocardial infarction



Myocardial infarction (MI) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow stops to a part of the heart causing damage to the heart muscle. The most common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw. Often it is in the center or left side of the chest and lasts for more than a few minutes. The discomfort may occasionally feel like heartburn. Other symptoms may include shortness of breath, nausea, feeling faint, a cold sweat, or feeling tired. About 30% of people have atypical symptoms, with women more likely than men to present atypically. Among those over 75 years old, about 5% have had an MI with little or no history of symptoms. An MI may cause heart failure, an irregular heartbeat, or cardiac arrest.Most MIs occur due to coronary artery disease. Risk factors include high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol intake, among others. The mechanism of an MI often involves the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque, leading to complete blockage of a coronary artery. MIs are less commonly caused by coronary artery spasms, which may be due to cocaine, significant emotional stress, and extreme cold, among others. A number of tests are useful to help with diagnosis, including electrocardiograms (ECGs), blood tests, and coronary angiography. An ECG may confirm an ST elevation MI if ST elevation is present. Commonly used blood tests include troponin and less often creatine kinase MB.Aspirin is an appropriate immediate treatment for a suspected MI. Nitroglycerin or opioids may be used to help with chest pain; however, they do not improve overall outcomes. Supplemental oxygen should be used in those with low oxygen levels or shortness of breath. In ST elevation MIs treatments which attempt to restore blood flow to the heart are typically recommended and include angioplasty, where the arteries are pushed open, or thrombolysis, where the blockage is removed using medications. People who have a non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) are often managed with the blood thinner heparin, with the additional use angioplasty in those at high risk. In people with blockages of multiple coronary arteries and diabetes, bypass surgery (CABG) may be recommended rather than angioplasty. After an MI, lifestyle modifications, along with long term treatment with aspirin, beta blockers, and statins, are typically recommended.Worldwide, more than 3 million people have ST elevation MIs and 4 million have NSTEMIs each year. STEMIs occur about twice as often in men as women. About one million people have an MI each year in the United States. In the developed world the risk of death in those who have had an STEMI is about 10%. Rates of MI for a given age have decreased globally between 1990 and 2010.
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