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Cardio ppt
Cardio ppt

... liquid that is left when formed elements are removed from blood.  Plasma is about 90% water and 10% proteins. It also has proteins that help fight infection and aid the clotting process.  Serum is plasma without the clotting proteins. It may be used to research and identify antibodies. ...
(iii) Briefly describe how blood is moved through veins
(iii) Briefly describe how blood is moved through veins

... Identify front (or back or left or right) / how identified / named cutting instrument / location of first cut / second cut described / locate (find or flag label) named structure / safety precaution ...
National Physical Activity Guidelines and methods of
National Physical Activity Guidelines and methods of

... a Splits 3 and 4 would shower slower times than splits 1 and 2 due to depletion of PC ( fuel) and reliance on anaerobic glycolysis. Another factor in the fatigue is reduced rate of energy liberation presence of lactic acid inhibiting key enzymes. b Symptoms of fatigue felt at the end of the race wou ...
File
File

...  Students produce a publicity leaflet for a brand of pacemaker. The leaflet should explain how it works and what conditions it treats.  Students produce a comprehension exercise, writing their own questions and sample answers, in response to a Wikipedia page about the heart, cardiac cycle or circu ...
Types of Blood Vessels
Types of Blood Vessels

Hyperthy - Alpine Animal Hospital
Hyperthy - Alpine Animal Hospital

... health of the cat and predict the chances for complications. Such tests include blood work and urinalysis, and x-rays; if available, an EKG and cardiac ultrasound may be performed. 1. Radioactive iodine. The most effective way to destroy all of the abnormal tissue is with radioactive iodine therapy. ...
Levosimendan in a neonate with severe coarctation of aorta and low
Levosimendan in a neonate with severe coarctation of aorta and low

... and assessment of biomarkers NT‑proBNP and lactate as markers of cardiac failure and multiorgan failure. In this case, we noted that the level of BNP correlated with the clinical observations as well as with the echocardiographic findings. After the failed attempt at balloon dilatation, BNP did not ...
2nd Child
2nd Child

... Pressure is increased in the cuff until it is greater than systolic pressure in the brachial artery Pressure is released slowly and the examiner listens with a stethoscope The first sounds heard is recorded as the systolic pressure The pressure when sound disappears is recorded as the diastolic pres ...
1 / B –Rationale :- Congestive heart failure
1 / B –Rationale :- Congestive heart failure

... 3-Do the pre test and if you have :a-got 10 or more you do not need to proceed . b-got less than 10 you have to study this modular unit very well . 4-After studying the text of this modular unit ,do the post test , and if you have :a-got 10 or more, go to the second modular unit . b-got less than 10 ...
- Your Best Wellness Tips
- Your Best Wellness Tips

... The Heart as a Double Pump The heart function as a double pump because it send deoxygenated blood to the lungs while it is pumping oxygenated blood to the rest of the ...
SO_cyprus_heart_pericardium_14-15_30
SO_cyprus_heart_pericardium_14-15_30

... Myocardium: middle layer, muscular layer,striated,under control of autonomic nervous system Pericardium: outermost layer, like a sac ...
Malignant primary cardiac tumors
Malignant primary cardiac tumors

... Obstruction: Mimic valvular stenosis. May cause outflow obstruction leading to chest pain, breathlessness or syncope Arrhythmias: AV blocks, V. Tachycardia Initial presentation may be with sudden death. ...
Heart Anatomy
Heart Anatomy

... ventricular pressure-still high no change in ventricular volume since all valves are closed this is isovolumetric relaxation ventricular pressure falls rapidly now when ventricular pressure falls below pressures in aortaatrial pressure forces AV valves openblood flows from atria to ventricles both ...
renal case - Ipswich-Year2-Med-PBL-Gp-2
renal case - Ipswich-Year2-Med-PBL-Gp-2

... • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) alone is an independent risk factor for the development of coronary artery disease, and for more severe coronary heart disease (CHD) • CKD is also associated with an adverse effect on prognosis from cardiovascular disease. This includes increased mortality after an acu ...
4- Cardiac output, exercise and cardiac hypertrophy
4- Cardiac output, exercise and cardiac hypertrophy

... Ejection fraction: It is the fraction of end-diastolic volume ejected in one beat. It is normally 55%. It is expressed by the following equation. Ejection fraction = Stroke volume / End-diastolic volume. Cardiac index (CI): Because there is a correlation between resting cardiac output (COP) and surf ...
Neurons in the Heart, Brain is Major Seat of Emotion
Neurons in the Heart, Brain is Major Seat of Emotion

... his heart, it probably did.” [9] was a statement made in the article. This statement bears examination and scrutiny. In [9], there are four ways elaborated in which a heart can fail. These are the ‘Widowmaker’. The ‘Sudden Cardiac Death’, the ‘Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy’, and the ‘Aortic Dissection’. ...
LABEL: Aorta, Inferior Vena Cava, Left Atrium, Left Ventricle, Mitral
LABEL: Aorta, Inferior Vena Cava, Left Atrium, Left Ventricle, Mitral

... left atrium - the left upper chamber of the heart. It receives oxygen-rich blood from the lungs via the pulmonary vein. left ventricle - the left lower chamber of the heart. It pumps the blood through the aortic valve into the aorta. mitral valve - the valve between the left atrium and the left vent ...
circandresp
circandresp

... Heart disease and coronary artery disease are the two major leading causes of death in the U.S. Heart attacks occur when the flow of blood through the coronary arteries are obstructed. The obstructions are most often caused by the buildup of plaque (lipids and cholesterol) on the inner wall. ...
Reem A Heart
Reem A Heart

... divides into one right and two left bundle branches. Conduct the impulse to conduction fibers called Purkinje fibers in the heart apex.  Purkinje fibers are larger than other cardiac muscle fibers. Muscle impulse conduction along the Purkinje fibers is extremely rapid. The impulse spreads immediate ...
Stroke
Stroke

... – Associated with elevated fibrinogen levels and plasma viscosity and is a potential risk factor for stroke ...
Heart Rate
Heart Rate

... Frank Starling Law of the Heart If cardiac muscle sarcomeres are stretched, within limits, they contract more forcibly As sarcomeres are stretched, there are more sites available for cross bridge interaction ...
2 nd Degree
2 nd Degree

... – Toxins/drugs (cholinesterase inhibitors, Ca++ channel blockers, βadrenergic blockers, digoxin, central α2-adrenergic agonists, opioids) ...
(SA) node
(SA) node

... Schematic drawing of the coronary artery circulation without (A) and with interarterial anastomoses (B) between the right coronary artery and the occluded left anterior descending artery (occluded downstream of the third diagonal branch). ...
background - Medtronic
background - Medtronic

...  ICDs are proven to be 98 percent effective in treating dangerous ventricular arrhythmias that can lead to sudden cardiac arrest.3, 4  Medtronic estimates more than 70,000 lives have been saved by implantable defibrillators over the past five years. 5 Implantation and Testing  Implantation of an ...
Blood Pressure, Salt and the Sad Story about
Blood Pressure, Salt and the Sad Story about

... will smell better 4. Climbing and walking can be accomplished without being out of breath 5. Fewer wrinkles ...
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Myocardial infarction



Myocardial infarction (MI) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow stops to a part of the heart causing damage to the heart muscle. The most common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw. Often it is in the center or left side of the chest and lasts for more than a few minutes. The discomfort may occasionally feel like heartburn. Other symptoms may include shortness of breath, nausea, feeling faint, a cold sweat, or feeling tired. About 30% of people have atypical symptoms, with women more likely than men to present atypically. Among those over 75 years old, about 5% have had an MI with little or no history of symptoms. An MI may cause heart failure, an irregular heartbeat, or cardiac arrest.Most MIs occur due to coronary artery disease. Risk factors include high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol intake, among others. The mechanism of an MI often involves the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque, leading to complete blockage of a coronary artery. MIs are less commonly caused by coronary artery spasms, which may be due to cocaine, significant emotional stress, and extreme cold, among others. A number of tests are useful to help with diagnosis, including electrocardiograms (ECGs), blood tests, and coronary angiography. An ECG may confirm an ST elevation MI if ST elevation is present. Commonly used blood tests include troponin and less often creatine kinase MB.Aspirin is an appropriate immediate treatment for a suspected MI. Nitroglycerin or opioids may be used to help with chest pain; however, they do not improve overall outcomes. Supplemental oxygen should be used in those with low oxygen levels or shortness of breath. In ST elevation MIs treatments which attempt to restore blood flow to the heart are typically recommended and include angioplasty, where the arteries are pushed open, or thrombolysis, where the blockage is removed using medications. People who have a non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) are often managed with the blood thinner heparin, with the additional use angioplasty in those at high risk. In people with blockages of multiple coronary arteries and diabetes, bypass surgery (CABG) may be recommended rather than angioplasty. After an MI, lifestyle modifications, along with long term treatment with aspirin, beta blockers, and statins, are typically recommended.Worldwide, more than 3 million people have ST elevation MIs and 4 million have NSTEMIs each year. STEMIs occur about twice as often in men as women. About one million people have an MI each year in the United States. In the developed world the risk of death in those who have had an STEMI is about 10%. Rates of MI for a given age have decreased globally between 1990 and 2010.
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