ASD AND PS - Mike Poullis
... • The defect in patent foramen ovale is not a result of missing tissue; therefore, very specific hemodynamics must be present (ie, right atrial pressure exceeding left atrial pressure) for shunting to occur. • Patent foramen ovale is not associated with an increased risk of endocarditis. Antibiotic ...
... • The defect in patent foramen ovale is not a result of missing tissue; therefore, very specific hemodynamics must be present (ie, right atrial pressure exceeding left atrial pressure) for shunting to occur. • Patent foramen ovale is not associated with an increased risk of endocarditis. Antibiotic ...
Lecture 1
... • Inflammation results in fibrinoid necrosis within the cusps or along the tendinous cords. • Overlying these necrotic foci are small (1- to 2-mm) vegetations, called verrucae, along the lines of closure. • Subendocardial lesions, aggravated by regurgitant jets, may induce irregular thickenings call ...
... • Inflammation results in fibrinoid necrosis within the cusps or along the tendinous cords. • Overlying these necrotic foci are small (1- to 2-mm) vegetations, called verrucae, along the lines of closure. • Subendocardial lesions, aggravated by regurgitant jets, may induce irregular thickenings call ...
Valvular Heart Disease
... The patient with an undiagnosed heart murmur Most heart murmurs do not signify cardiac disease. Many are related to physiological increases in blood flow. An important consideration is the presence or absence of symptoms and the ability of the patient to exercise. Many asymptomatic children and you ...
... The patient with an undiagnosed heart murmur Most heart murmurs do not signify cardiac disease. Many are related to physiological increases in blood flow. An important consideration is the presence or absence of symptoms and the ability of the patient to exercise. Many asymptomatic children and you ...
Unit 14 Vital Signs
... heart. The actual heartbeat is heard and counted. An apical pulse is taken because of illness, hardening of the arteries, a weak and rapid pulse, or the patient is on heart ...
... heart. The actual heartbeat is heard and counted. An apical pulse is taken because of illness, hardening of the arteries, a weak and rapid pulse, or the patient is on heart ...
3SuddEn CARdiAC ARREST All StAFF AwAREnESS
... Handout: Sudden Cardiac Arrest (SCA) • There are over 420,000 sudden cardiac deaths (SCD) in the US each year. These victims could be on your staff or visitors to your school. • During sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) the heart goes into ventricular fibrillation or “ineffective quivering” and no longe ...
... Handout: Sudden Cardiac Arrest (SCA) • There are over 420,000 sudden cardiac deaths (SCD) in the US each year. These victims could be on your staff or visitors to your school. • During sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) the heart goes into ventricular fibrillation or “ineffective quivering” and no longe ...
Electrocardiograph Changes in Acute Ischemic Cerebral Stroke
... with ischemic stroke and intracerebral hemorrhage, but the prevalence was much lower after exclusion of patients with preexisting heart disease. In patients with ischemic stroke and intracerebral hemorrhage, these ECG abnormalities (and QT prolongation) most often represent preexisting coronary arte ...
... with ischemic stroke and intracerebral hemorrhage, but the prevalence was much lower after exclusion of patients with preexisting heart disease. In patients with ischemic stroke and intracerebral hemorrhage, these ECG abnormalities (and QT prolongation) most often represent preexisting coronary arte ...
Nerve activates contraction
... Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
... Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
Unit 7 Test Preparation Unit 7 Test Preparation
... What is asthma? How does an asthmatic bronchiole differ from a normal bronchiole? Give three ways. You are trying to discourage a friend from smoking. Use the information you learned about the human systems to present a convincing argument. Describe the three main components of the circulatory sys ...
... What is asthma? How does an asthmatic bronchiole differ from a normal bronchiole? Give three ways. You are trying to discourage a friend from smoking. Use the information you learned about the human systems to present a convincing argument. Describe the three main components of the circulatory sys ...
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
... transplantation or staged surgical reconstruction to create a viable circulation. With surgical intervention, 50-70% of neonates born with HLHS are now expected to survive to adulthood (Feinstein, 2012). Limited availability of suitably small donor organs and the high risk of mortality whilst awaiti ...
... transplantation or staged surgical reconstruction to create a viable circulation. With surgical intervention, 50-70% of neonates born with HLHS are now expected to survive to adulthood (Feinstein, 2012). Limited availability of suitably small donor organs and the high risk of mortality whilst awaiti ...
Pathology of blood and lymphatic vessels
... Pathology of blood and lymphatic vessels The term endothelial activation reflects alterations in gene expression and protein synthesis. Inducers of endothelial activation include cytokines and bacterial products (which cause inflammatory injury and septic shock), hemodynamic stress and lipid produc ...
... Pathology of blood and lymphatic vessels The term endothelial activation reflects alterations in gene expression and protein synthesis. Inducers of endothelial activation include cytokines and bacterial products (which cause inflammatory injury and septic shock), hemodynamic stress and lipid produc ...
L9 Heart and bloodvessels
... The cardiac primordia are established in the early gastrula as regions of splanchnic mesoderm ahead of the embryo itself. As a result of the head fold, this region ends up beneath the pharynx. ...
... The cardiac primordia are established in the early gastrula as regions of splanchnic mesoderm ahead of the embryo itself. As a result of the head fold, this region ends up beneath the pharynx. ...
Case_Report_28_years_old_man_with_cardiac_arrest1
... factor for Torsade de pointes (TdP), most importantly hypokalemia. Hypokalemia was associated with an increased risk of ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation Keywords: Torsade de pointes, Hypokalemia Introduction Worldwide, three million people suffer sudden cardiac death annually. Of ...
... factor for Torsade de pointes (TdP), most importantly hypokalemia. Hypokalemia was associated with an increased risk of ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation Keywords: Torsade de pointes, Hypokalemia Introduction Worldwide, three million people suffer sudden cardiac death annually. Of ...
Body Temperature
... 4. Put arms and legs like fetus position. 5. Cover the head. 6. Provide warm fluids. 7. Massage the skin to produce warmth. 8. Warm compresses. ...
... 4. Put arms and legs like fetus position. 5. Cover the head. 6. Provide warm fluids. 7. Massage the skin to produce warmth. 8. Warm compresses. ...
Excersizing with Lyme Disease
... Exercise is protective through a combination of effects on metabolic and regulatory processes, cholesterol and blood lipid concentrations and clotting factors, possibly on arterial blood pressure, and through its role in weight reduction. Regular exercise increases the efficiency of the heart and in ...
... Exercise is protective through a combination of effects on metabolic and regulatory processes, cholesterol and blood lipid concentrations and clotting factors, possibly on arterial blood pressure, and through its role in weight reduction. Regular exercise increases the efficiency of the heart and in ...
Chronic Postpericardiotomy Syndrome and Cardiac Tamponade
... their large series that few pericardial effusions progress to become hemodynamically significant and result in cardiac tamponade. Only 1% of their 4,561 patients were found to have echocardiographic evidence of a moderate or large pericardial effusion, and of these 1% of patients, 74% had evidence o ...
... their large series that few pericardial effusions progress to become hemodynamically significant and result in cardiac tamponade. Only 1% of their 4,561 patients were found to have echocardiographic evidence of a moderate or large pericardial effusion, and of these 1% of patients, 74% had evidence o ...
Cholesterol lowering through lifestyle changes
... peanut and canola oils. Oils containing monounsaturated fats are also recommended; examples include olive and canola oils. A number of margarines are lower in saturated fat and higher in unsaturated fats than butter. The Heart Foundation recommends one to one-and-a-half tablespoons of margarines con ...
... peanut and canola oils. Oils containing monounsaturated fats are also recommended; examples include olive and canola oils. A number of margarines are lower in saturated fat and higher in unsaturated fats than butter. The Heart Foundation recommends one to one-and-a-half tablespoons of margarines con ...
Myocardial infarction
Myocardial infarction (MI) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow stops to a part of the heart causing damage to the heart muscle. The most common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw. Often it is in the center or left side of the chest and lasts for more than a few minutes. The discomfort may occasionally feel like heartburn. Other symptoms may include shortness of breath, nausea, feeling faint, a cold sweat, or feeling tired. About 30% of people have atypical symptoms, with women more likely than men to present atypically. Among those over 75 years old, about 5% have had an MI with little or no history of symptoms. An MI may cause heart failure, an irregular heartbeat, or cardiac arrest.Most MIs occur due to coronary artery disease. Risk factors include high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol intake, among others. The mechanism of an MI often involves the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque, leading to complete blockage of a coronary artery. MIs are less commonly caused by coronary artery spasms, which may be due to cocaine, significant emotional stress, and extreme cold, among others. A number of tests are useful to help with diagnosis, including electrocardiograms (ECGs), blood tests, and coronary angiography. An ECG may confirm an ST elevation MI if ST elevation is present. Commonly used blood tests include troponin and less often creatine kinase MB.Aspirin is an appropriate immediate treatment for a suspected MI. Nitroglycerin or opioids may be used to help with chest pain; however, they do not improve overall outcomes. Supplemental oxygen should be used in those with low oxygen levels or shortness of breath. In ST elevation MIs treatments which attempt to restore blood flow to the heart are typically recommended and include angioplasty, where the arteries are pushed open, or thrombolysis, where the blockage is removed using medications. People who have a non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) are often managed with the blood thinner heparin, with the additional use angioplasty in those at high risk. In people with blockages of multiple coronary arteries and diabetes, bypass surgery (CABG) may be recommended rather than angioplasty. After an MI, lifestyle modifications, along with long term treatment with aspirin, beta blockers, and statins, are typically recommended.Worldwide, more than 3 million people have ST elevation MIs and 4 million have NSTEMIs each year. STEMIs occur about twice as often in men as women. About one million people have an MI each year in the United States. In the developed world the risk of death in those who have had an STEMI is about 10%. Rates of MI for a given age have decreased globally between 1990 and 2010.