Conduction System of the Heart
... rate of discharge in sinus node is 70-80/min.; A-V node - 40-60/min.; Purkinje fibers - 15-40/min. l Sinus node is pacemaker because of its faster discharge rate l Intrinsic rate of subsequent parts is suppressed by “Overdrive suppression” ...
... rate of discharge in sinus node is 70-80/min.; A-V node - 40-60/min.; Purkinje fibers - 15-40/min. l Sinus node is pacemaker because of its faster discharge rate l Intrinsic rate of subsequent parts is suppressed by “Overdrive suppression” ...
No Slide Title
... – Pain caused by ischemia of cardiac muscle – Obstruction partially blocks blood flow – Myocardium shifts to anaerobic fermentation, producing lactic acid and thus stimulating pain ...
... – Pain caused by ischemia of cardiac muscle – Obstruction partially blocks blood flow – Myocardium shifts to anaerobic fermentation, producing lactic acid and thus stimulating pain ...
White Paper: Common Complications Associated with Left
... hospitalization and mortality and a poor quality of life due to limited patients waiting for heart transplanphysical and social activities and psychological stress. Heart transplan- tation have led to growing interest in tation is currently the preferred treatment for end-stage heart failure. altern ...
... hospitalization and mortality and a poor quality of life due to limited patients waiting for heart transplanphysical and social activities and psychological stress. Heart transplan- tation have led to growing interest in tation is currently the preferred treatment for end-stage heart failure. altern ...
learn more - Welch Allyn
... older age, central Blood Pressure (cBP) increases and at the same time amplification decreases. This process is caused by a number of factors including greater extent of arterial stiffness when humans grow older. ...
... older age, central Blood Pressure (cBP) increases and at the same time amplification decreases. This process is caused by a number of factors including greater extent of arterial stiffness when humans grow older. ...
SERIES | Hypertension Management in the Medical
... bring about the elasticity of vessels expand by 10% with every heartbeat. Material fatigue arises due to this mechanical stress (approx. 300 million expansions in 10 years). Because elastin is only reproduced extremely slowly, taut collagen is provided as a replacement, which ultimately leads to med ...
... bring about the elasticity of vessels expand by 10% with every heartbeat. Material fatigue arises due to this mechanical stress (approx. 300 million expansions in 10 years). Because elastin is only reproduced extremely slowly, taut collagen is provided as a replacement, which ultimately leads to med ...
Solutions - MetLifePro
... a health concern because it indicates that hypertension in the affected individual has started to have important physiological effects. These individuals may also have other manifestations of high blood pressure, such as kidney damage and an elevated risk of stroke and heart attack. If hypertension ...
... a health concern because it indicates that hypertension in the affected individual has started to have important physiological effects. These individuals may also have other manifestations of high blood pressure, such as kidney damage and an elevated risk of stroke and heart attack. If hypertension ...
Cardiovascular System
... Continued-Other questions to explore ◦ Any paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea or breathlessness at rest? These may last from minutes to hours and be accompanied by wheezing, sweating, distress, and cough with frothy or bloodstained sputum. This is commonly termed “cardiac asthma.” ◦ Cheyne-Stokes or perio ...
... Continued-Other questions to explore ◦ Any paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea or breathlessness at rest? These may last from minutes to hours and be accompanied by wheezing, sweating, distress, and cough with frothy or bloodstained sputum. This is commonly termed “cardiac asthma.” ◦ Cheyne-Stokes or perio ...
Arteries - Cloudfront.net
... Q1) Veins Carry blood to the heart at low pressure Q2) a. Draw diagram with these labels: (see pgs. 979-980) -lumen, endothelium, Elastic fibers & smooth muscle b. Arteries: thicker, more elastic, usually has O2 rich blood, small lumen, high pressure c. Veins thin wall (low pressure) vs. arteries wh ...
... Q1) Veins Carry blood to the heart at low pressure Q2) a. Draw diagram with these labels: (see pgs. 979-980) -lumen, endothelium, Elastic fibers & smooth muscle b. Arteries: thicker, more elastic, usually has O2 rich blood, small lumen, high pressure c. Veins thin wall (low pressure) vs. arteries wh ...
1 Mechanisms of chronic heart failure development
... and/or coronary artery disease). 2. Because decreasing diastolic blood pressure is associated with increasing pulse pressure (= the difference between systolic and diastolic pressure), there is a possibility that an increment in pulse pressure may be culpable for these findings (Berl and Henrich 20 ...
... and/or coronary artery disease). 2. Because decreasing diastolic blood pressure is associated with increasing pulse pressure (= the difference between systolic and diastolic pressure), there is a possibility that an increment in pulse pressure may be culpable for these findings (Berl and Henrich 20 ...
Chapter 19 *Lecture PowerPoint The Circulatory
... – Pain caused by ischemia of cardiac muscle – Obstruction partially blocks blood flow – Myocardium shifts to anaerobic fermentation, producing lactic acid and thus stimulating pain ...
... – Pain caused by ischemia of cardiac muscle – Obstruction partially blocks blood flow – Myocardium shifts to anaerobic fermentation, producing lactic acid and thus stimulating pain ...
Chapter 11 cardiovascular system answers
... variables it. Investigation of his behavior to the north and. chapter 11 cardiovascular Downwards between two dogs. Right appropriated to their generally whether he has identity and operate as. ...
... variables it. Investigation of his behavior to the north and. chapter 11 cardiovascular Downwards between two dogs. Right appropriated to their generally whether he has identity and operate as. ...
Heart Dysrhythmias Cheat Sheet Arrhythmias Description Causes
... Treatment of underlying cause. Discontinuation of drug causing toxicity. Potassium chloride IV if ...
... Treatment of underlying cause. Discontinuation of drug causing toxicity. Potassium chloride IV if ...
Heart Dysrhythmias Cheat Sheet
... Treatment of underlying cause. Discontinuation of drug causing toxicity. Potassium chloride IV if ...
... Treatment of underlying cause. Discontinuation of drug causing toxicity. Potassium chloride IV if ...
AF - Sheba Hungary Student
... Consequences of Atrial Fibrillation Hemodynamic loss of synchronous atrial mechanical activity irregularity of ventricular response inappropriately rapid heart rate Myocardial – persistently rapid rate can lead to: atrial cardiomyopathy dilated ventricular cardiomyopathy Thromboembolism ischemic s ...
... Consequences of Atrial Fibrillation Hemodynamic loss of synchronous atrial mechanical activity irregularity of ventricular response inappropriately rapid heart rate Myocardial – persistently rapid rate can lead to: atrial cardiomyopathy dilated ventricular cardiomyopathy Thromboembolism ischemic s ...
No Slide Title
... • extra pressure forces fluids into surrounding tissues • nearby tissue is inflamed and tender ...
... • extra pressure forces fluids into surrounding tissues • nearby tissue is inflamed and tender ...
Left Ventricular Myxoma Producing Cardiac Failure
... [Diaz 2011; Kumar 2011; Hassan 2012]. The clinical features of myxoma are determined by their location, size, and mobility. The most common symptoms include embolism and intracardiac obstruction [Kaplan 2002]. Ventricular myxomas may also co-occur with arrhythmias or conduction defects [Robert 2009] ...
... [Diaz 2011; Kumar 2011; Hassan 2012]. The clinical features of myxoma are determined by their location, size, and mobility. The most common symptoms include embolism and intracardiac obstruction [Kaplan 2002]. Ventricular myxomas may also co-occur with arrhythmias or conduction defects [Robert 2009] ...
Checklist for Examination of the Cardiovascular System
... Key points • With established pulmonary hypertension, there is gradually increasing cyanosis and heart failure • The 'Eisenmenger complex' describes large ventricular septal defects with right-to-left shunts producing cyanosis • Eisenmenger's syndrome describes pulmonary hypertension at systemic lev ...
... Key points • With established pulmonary hypertension, there is gradually increasing cyanosis and heart failure • The 'Eisenmenger complex' describes large ventricular septal defects with right-to-left shunts producing cyanosis • Eisenmenger's syndrome describes pulmonary hypertension at systemic lev ...
Outcome of Patients With Low Ejection Fraction
... with 69 years among survivors. In this cohort, patients 75 years of age and older had a 5-year survival of ⬍30%. Higher NYHA functional class was not associated with increased mortality. This is contrast to the findings from the Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Patch Trial database.12 However, in thi ...
... with 69 years among survivors. In this cohort, patients 75 years of age and older had a 5-year survival of ⬍30%. Higher NYHA functional class was not associated with increased mortality. This is contrast to the findings from the Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Patch Trial database.12 However, in thi ...
Physiology (L02) Slide#35 : -This slide is only to show you how
... -electrical activity moves from atrium to ventricle but NOT through the valves, it moves through one certain area that is in the middle and called: AV node. -So, action potential goes through atria, and meets in AV node, then goes to interventricular septum where the area is divided into left and ri ...
... -electrical activity moves from atrium to ventricle but NOT through the valves, it moves through one certain area that is in the middle and called: AV node. -So, action potential goes through atria, and meets in AV node, then goes to interventricular septum where the area is divided into left and ri ...
how to distinguishing cyanotic congenital heart disease from
... DYSPNEA CAUSED BY PHYSICAL EFFORT ; THE CHILD IS USUALLY ABLE TO RESUME PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AFTER A FEW MINUTES OF SQUATTING . THESE FINDINGS OCCUR MOST OFTEN IN PATIENTS WITH SIGNIFICANT CYANOSIS AT REST . ...
... DYSPNEA CAUSED BY PHYSICAL EFFORT ; THE CHILD IS USUALLY ABLE TO RESUME PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AFTER A FEW MINUTES OF SQUATTING . THESE FINDINGS OCCUR MOST OFTEN IN PATIENTS WITH SIGNIFICANT CYANOSIS AT REST . ...
Lab Topic 22 PDF file
... from the aorticarchcarryblood to the head and anteriorlimbs.Thefirst branch,the brachiocephalic trunk, branchesinto the right subclavianarteryro the right limb and two commoncarotidarteries to the head.Thesecondbranchis the left subclavianto the left limb. 2. Identify branchesof rhe aorranear rhe he ...
... from the aorticarchcarryblood to the head and anteriorlimbs.Thefirst branch,the brachiocephalic trunk, branchesinto the right subclavianarteryro the right limb and two commoncarotidarteries to the head.Thesecondbranchis the left subclavianto the left limb. 2. Identify branchesof rhe aorranear rhe he ...
Myocardial infarction
Myocardial infarction (MI) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow stops to a part of the heart causing damage to the heart muscle. The most common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw. Often it is in the center or left side of the chest and lasts for more than a few minutes. The discomfort may occasionally feel like heartburn. Other symptoms may include shortness of breath, nausea, feeling faint, a cold sweat, or feeling tired. About 30% of people have atypical symptoms, with women more likely than men to present atypically. Among those over 75 years old, about 5% have had an MI with little or no history of symptoms. An MI may cause heart failure, an irregular heartbeat, or cardiac arrest.Most MIs occur due to coronary artery disease. Risk factors include high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol intake, among others. The mechanism of an MI often involves the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque, leading to complete blockage of a coronary artery. MIs are less commonly caused by coronary artery spasms, which may be due to cocaine, significant emotional stress, and extreme cold, among others. A number of tests are useful to help with diagnosis, including electrocardiograms (ECGs), blood tests, and coronary angiography. An ECG may confirm an ST elevation MI if ST elevation is present. Commonly used blood tests include troponin and less often creatine kinase MB.Aspirin is an appropriate immediate treatment for a suspected MI. Nitroglycerin or opioids may be used to help with chest pain; however, they do not improve overall outcomes. Supplemental oxygen should be used in those with low oxygen levels or shortness of breath. In ST elevation MIs treatments which attempt to restore blood flow to the heart are typically recommended and include angioplasty, where the arteries are pushed open, or thrombolysis, where the blockage is removed using medications. People who have a non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) are often managed with the blood thinner heparin, with the additional use angioplasty in those at high risk. In people with blockages of multiple coronary arteries and diabetes, bypass surgery (CABG) may be recommended rather than angioplasty. After an MI, lifestyle modifications, along with long term treatment with aspirin, beta blockers, and statins, are typically recommended.Worldwide, more than 3 million people have ST elevation MIs and 4 million have NSTEMIs each year. STEMIs occur about twice as often in men as women. About one million people have an MI each year in the United States. In the developed world the risk of death in those who have had an STEMI is about 10%. Rates of MI for a given age have decreased globally between 1990 and 2010.