Syncope
... highlighting the need for controlled studies. • Exacerbating factors, medications, dehydration, and inactivity should be avoided. ...
... highlighting the need for controlled studies. • Exacerbating factors, medications, dehydration, and inactivity should be avoided. ...
Relation Between Right Ventricular Function and Increased Right
... had a left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) ⱕ35% as documented by equilibrium radionuclide ventriculography (ERVG), symptoms consistent with New York Heart Association functional class II-III despite optimal medical therapy, and a QRS duration ⱖ130 ms based on baseline ECG who had been recrui ...
... had a left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) ⱕ35% as documented by equilibrium radionuclide ventriculography (ERVG), symptoms consistent with New York Heart Association functional class II-III despite optimal medical therapy, and a QRS duration ⱖ130 ms based on baseline ECG who had been recrui ...
Document
... automobile accident and his right arm was seriously damaged with copious blood loss. His blood pressure steadily dropped to dangerous levels. Explain how the loss of blood will reduce the blood pressure reading. ...
... automobile accident and his right arm was seriously damaged with copious blood loss. His blood pressure steadily dropped to dangerous levels. Explain how the loss of blood will reduce the blood pressure reading. ...
PRODUCT MONOGRAPH HYDRALAZINE
... palate and malformation of facial and cranial bones. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Although clinical experience does not include ...
... palate and malformation of facial and cranial bones. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Although clinical experience does not include ...
Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension
... 7.1.7 High-resolution computed tomography, contrast-enhanced computed tomography, and pulmonary angiography .............................................. ...
... 7.1.7 High-resolution computed tomography, contrast-enhanced computed tomography, and pulmonary angiography .............................................. ...
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... way to detect “hidden” or borderline right ventricular function. It has been demonstrated that the “uncoupling” of right ventricular contractile function and afterload can expose subclinical right ventricular dysfunction in patients with systemic sclerosis-associated PAH [19]. GHUYSEN et al. [20] re ...
... way to detect “hidden” or borderline right ventricular function. It has been demonstrated that the “uncoupling” of right ventricular contractile function and afterload can expose subclinical right ventricular dysfunction in patients with systemic sclerosis-associated PAH [19]. GHUYSEN et al. [20] re ...
Arrhythmia
... 1) Positive and negative ions align on either side of cell membrane 2) Relatively negative charge within cell and positive charge extracellularly 3) Negative resting membrane potential maintained at -90 millivolts (mV) b. Depolarization *(important- consider how medications affect heart rhythm and p ...
... 1) Positive and negative ions align on either side of cell membrane 2) Relatively negative charge within cell and positive charge extracellularly 3) Negative resting membrane potential maintained at -90 millivolts (mV) b. Depolarization *(important- consider how medications affect heart rhythm and p ...
Echocardiographic assessment of diastolic function Steve R. Ommen, MD
... 130 ms could be further stratified based on difference in flow duration at atrial contraction between the PV and MVI (⌬A-dur = PV A-dur minus MVI A-dur). Those patients with ⌬A-dur greater than 30 ms had a 2-year survival of 37%, while those patients with ⌬A-dur less than 30 ms had 86% survival at 2 ...
... 130 ms could be further stratified based on difference in flow duration at atrial contraction between the PV and MVI (⌬A-dur = PV A-dur minus MVI A-dur). Those patients with ⌬A-dur greater than 30 ms had a 2-year survival of 37%, while those patients with ⌬A-dur less than 30 ms had 86% survival at 2 ...
Haemodynamic and structural correlates of the first and
... and complexity) and two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography. To normalise for differences in body habitus, acoustic variables were also expressed as a ratio (S2/S1). 130 participants (55 also had haemodynamic and/or echocardiographic assessment) without clinical or haemodynamic evidence of PA ...
... and complexity) and two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography. To normalise for differences in body habitus, acoustic variables were also expressed as a ratio (S2/S1). 130 participants (55 also had haemodynamic and/or echocardiographic assessment) without clinical or haemodynamic evidence of PA ...
5-Year Results - Clinical Trial Results
... *After 1-year follow-up, the prespecified safety analysis patient population, including only those patients treated with a study stent, was analysed. Two SYNERGY patients who did not receive the study stent were not included in the safety analysis. ...
... *After 1-year follow-up, the prespecified safety analysis patient population, including only those patients treated with a study stent, was analysed. Two SYNERGY patients who did not receive the study stent were not included in the safety analysis. ...
Cardiac Function in Heart Failure: The Role of Calcium Cycling
... in large measure on the activity of the Na+/K+ ATPase, which keeps the internal sodium levels low. A plasma membrane calcium ATPase can also aid in the removal of cytoplasmic calcium to the outside [58]. During each heart beat, Ca2+ balance is preserved by Ca2+ entry via L-type Ca2+ channels and Ca2 ...
... in large measure on the activity of the Na+/K+ ATPase, which keeps the internal sodium levels low. A plasma membrane calcium ATPase can also aid in the removal of cytoplasmic calcium to the outside [58]. During each heart beat, Ca2+ balance is preserved by Ca2+ entry via L-type Ca2+ channels and Ca2 ...
Consensus statement on the management of pulmonary
... The pathology of PAH is characterised by luminal obliteration of small pulmonary arteries. This process of vascular remodelling involves proliferation of smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts and endothelial cells in the vessel wall.16–18 In severe forms of PH, the formation of a neointima is observed fo ...
... The pathology of PAH is characterised by luminal obliteration of small pulmonary arteries. This process of vascular remodelling involves proliferation of smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts and endothelial cells in the vessel wall.16–18 In severe forms of PH, the formation of a neointima is observed fo ...
Cardiac Function in Heart Failure: The Role of Calcium
... in large measure on the activity of the Na+/K+ ATPase, which keeps the internal sodium levels low. A plasma membrane calcium ATPase can also aid in the removal of cytoplasmic calcium to the outside [58]. During each heart beat, Ca2+ balance is preserved by Ca2+ entry via L-type Ca2+ channels and Ca2 ...
... in large measure on the activity of the Na+/K+ ATPase, which keeps the internal sodium levels low. A plasma membrane calcium ATPase can also aid in the removal of cytoplasmic calcium to the outside [58]. During each heart beat, Ca2+ balance is preserved by Ca2+ entry via L-type Ca2+ channels and Ca2 ...
Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension
... TRIUMPH inhaled TReprostInil sodiUM in Patients with severe Pulmonary arterial Hypertension WHO-FC World Health Organization functional class ...
... TRIUMPH inhaled TReprostInil sodiUM in Patients with severe Pulmonary arterial Hypertension WHO-FC World Health Organization functional class ...
SIGN publication no. 35 - Diagnosis and Treatment of Heart Failure
... who remain symptomatic despite diuretic and ACE inhibitor therapy and ß-blocker; have had more than one hospital admission for heart failure; or have very poor left ventricular systolic function or persisting cardiomegaly (CTR >0.55). § Patients with heart failure, treated with a diuretic but unable ...
... who remain symptomatic despite diuretic and ACE inhibitor therapy and ß-blocker; have had more than one hospital admission for heart failure; or have very poor left ventricular systolic function or persisting cardiomegaly (CTR >0.55). § Patients with heart failure, treated with a diuretic but unable ...
Impaired fasting glucose is associated with increased
... hyperglycaemia and CAD burden.16 Conventional angiography, however, is limited by its inability to identify the non-obstructive plaque burden. CCTA, on the other hand, is ideally suited to identify and semiquantify all plaque. DM has been evaluated by CAC in multiple studies, and the increased preva ...
... hyperglycaemia and CAD burden.16 Conventional angiography, however, is limited by its inability to identify the non-obstructive plaque burden. CCTA, on the other hand, is ideally suited to identify and semiquantify all plaque. DM has been evaluated by CAC in multiple studies, and the increased preva ...
Resting Heart Rate and Heart Rate Reserve in Advanced
... using a univariate Cox model. Because the relationship between HRR and risk is known to be nonlinear (16), the lowest quartiles of HRR (cutoff: 0.38) and resting HR (cutoff: 67 beats/min) were compared to the remainders of the samples, as previously reported in other studies (8,17). The combined eff ...
... using a univariate Cox model. Because the relationship between HRR and risk is known to be nonlinear (16), the lowest quartiles of HRR (cutoff: 0.38) and resting HR (cutoff: 67 beats/min) were compared to the remainders of the samples, as previously reported in other studies (8,17). The combined eff ...
Parameters Describing the Pulse Wave
... Sherebrin and Sherebrin (1990) showed how the pulse shape varied with age using 54 subjects in three age groups. The youngest group had a larger power in the second harmonic, (normalized to the fundamental) than the older two groups (p<0.05). The decrease of power in the harmonics of the peripheral ...
... Sherebrin and Sherebrin (1990) showed how the pulse shape varied with age using 54 subjects in three age groups. The youngest group had a larger power in the second harmonic, (normalized to the fundamental) than the older two groups (p<0.05). The decrease of power in the harmonics of the peripheral ...
... The effects of NPV on respiratory muscle strength of COPD patients in ARF have been reported in only two studies [25, 26]. In these studies, an iron lung [25] and a ponchowrap [26] were used, respectively, to administer NPV. In these reports, NPV, carried out continuously for 6 h [26], or intermitte ...
total pulmonary venous drainage through a persistent left superior
... features and diagnosed this anomaly on six occasions at routine clinical and radiological examination of patients in cardiac clinics in Hull and in the Sheffield Region. Three patients (Cases 4, 5, and 6) were already under observation but the others (Cases 1, 2, and 3) were seen for the first time ...
... features and diagnosed this anomaly on six occasions at routine clinical and radiological examination of patients in cardiac clinics in Hull and in the Sheffield Region. Three patients (Cases 4, 5, and 6) were already under observation but the others (Cases 1, 2, and 3) were seen for the first time ...
NEJM -- An International Ra
... considered the control groups. It was prospectively determined that if there was no difference in mortality between these two groups (P>0.10), the analysis would proceed with these patients pooled together. If a difference was observed between the two streptokinase groups, the plan called for a comp ...
... considered the control groups. It was prospectively determined that if there was no difference in mortality between these two groups (P>0.10), the analysis would proceed with these patients pooled together. If a difference was observed between the two streptokinase groups, the plan called for a comp ...
Coronary subclavian steal syndrome: a rare
... on the ECG. The patient had coronary catheterisation done two days after the NSTEMI, which showed that both his bypass grafts were patent and his prior stented segment in the circumflex artery had only minor disease. Retrograde myocardial blood flow was demonstrated, with a selective injection of co ...
... on the ECG. The patient had coronary catheterisation done two days after the NSTEMI, which showed that both his bypass grafts were patent and his prior stented segment in the circumflex artery had only minor disease. Retrograde myocardial blood flow was demonstrated, with a selective injection of co ...
Sudden Cardiac Death Thirty Years Ago and at Present. The Role of
... autonomic dysbalance (disturbance). This term refers to a wide range of reflex changes in the ratio of sympathetic to vagal ventricular activation over time, occurring immediately after coronary artery occlusion at the onset of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Another trigger of VF is autonomic di ...
... autonomic dysbalance (disturbance). This term refers to a wide range of reflex changes in the ratio of sympathetic to vagal ventricular activation over time, occurring immediately after coronary artery occlusion at the onset of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Another trigger of VF is autonomic di ...
Antihypertensive drug
Antihypertensives are a class of drugs that are used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure). Antihypertensive therapy seeks to prevent the complications of high blood pressure, such as stroke and myocardial infarction. Evidence suggests that reduction of the blood pressure by 5 mmHg can decrease the risk of stroke by 34%, of ischaemic heart disease by 21%, and reduce the likelihood of dementia, heart failure, and mortality from cardiovascular disease. There are many classes of antihypertensives, which lower blood pressure by different means. Among the most important and most widely used drugs are thiazide diuretics, calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists (ARBs), and beta blockers.Which type of medication to use initially for hypertension has been the subject of several large studies and resulting national guidelines. The fundamental goal of treatment should be the prevention of the important endpoints of hypertension, such as heart attack, stroke and heart failure. Patient age, associated clinical conditions and end-organ damage also play a part in determining dosage and type of medication administered. The several classes of antihypertensives differ in side effect profiles, ability to prevent endpoints, and cost. The choice of more expensive agents, where cheaper ones would be equally effective, may have negative impacts on national healthcare budgets. As of 2009, the best available evidence favors the thiazide diuretics as the first-line treatment of choice for high blood pressure when drugs are necessary. Although clinical evidence shows calcium channel blockers and thiazide-type diuretics are preferred first-line treatments for most people (from both efficacy and cost points of view), an ACE inhibitor is recommended by NICE in the UK for those under 55 years old.