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Chapter 12
The Circulatory System
Dr. Allan Ayella
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Unit 2 Seminar Agenda
• Background information
• Seminar Question
• Comments, additional questions
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Slide 2
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Slide 3
Location- Thoraic Cavity
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Slide 4
Heart- Basis of circulatory system
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Slide 5
Major muscles and Valves
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Slide 6
How it works
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Slide 7
Double Pump Mechanism
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Slide 8
Heart—ECG
• Resting (Diastole):
Atria and Ventricles
filling
• SA Node fires, atria
depolarize and
contract: P Wave
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Slide 9
Heart—ECG
• What is
happening in C?
• What is
happening in D?
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Slide 10
Heart—ECG
• What is
happening in E?
• What is
happening in F?
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Slide 11
Heart—ECG
• Ventricular
Repolarization
completes,
ventricles have
relaxed: Diastole
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Slide 12
Key Questions
• What are the functions of the atria
and ventricles of the heart?
• What causes heart murmurs?
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Slide 13
Key Questions
• Describe systole and diastole of the
heart?
• How is the P-wave different from the
T-wave?
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Slide 14
Key Questions
• What are the two major circulations of
the heart?
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Slide 15
Seminar Discussion Question
• Suppose an individual was injured in an
automobile accident and his right arm was
seriously damaged with copious blood loss. His
blood pressure steadily dropped to dangerous
levels. Explain how the loss of blood will reduce
the blood pressure reading.
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Slide 16
Heart- Closed circulatory system
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Slide 17
BLOOD PRESSURE
• Defining blood pressure—push, or force,
of blood in the blood vessels
– Highest in arteries, lowest in veins (Figure
12-16)
– Blood pressure gradient causes blood to
circulate—liquids can flow only from the
area where pressure is higher to where it is
lower
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Slide 18
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Slide 19
BLOOD PRESSURE
• Factors that influence blood pressure
(Figure 12-17)
– Blood volume
– Strength of contractions
– Blood viscosity
– Resistance to blood flow
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Slide 20
Seminar Discussion Question
• Suppose an individual was injured in an automobile accident
and his right arm was seriously damaged with copious blood
loss. His blood pressure steadily dropped to dangerous levels.
Explain how the loss of blood will reduce the blood pressure
reading.

What is copious referring to?
-External bleeding, Y/N?
-Internal bleeding, Y/N?
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Slide 21
Seminar discussion question
• Suppose an individual was injured in an automobile accident and his
right arm was seriously damaged with copious blood loss. His blood
pressure steadily dropped to dangerous levels. Explain how the loss of
blood will reduce the blood pressure reading.

What are the different types of blood
pressure affected?
-Central venous pressure, Y/N?
-Arterial blood pressure, Y/N?
-Capillary hydrostatic pressure Y/N?
-Colloid osmotic pressure, Y/N?
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Slide 22
Seminar discussion question
• Suppose an individual was injured in an automobile accident and his
right arm was seriously damaged with copious blood loss. His blood
pressure steadily dropped to dangerous levels. Explain how the loss of
blood will reduce the blood pressure reading.

In explanation include;
- Definition of copious?
- How blood volume loss affects pressure?
- What kind of blood pressure is affected
and why?
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Slide 23
Seminar conclusion


Spend the remaining time reading the
health and well-being on pg 313 of text and
also ask any other questions concerning
Unit 2 at this point
If time is still available share any insights
observed in the reading
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Slide 24
Pulse Points
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Slide 25
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Slide 26